Synergistic niobium and manganese co-doping into RuO nanocrystal enables PEM water splitting under high current.

Low-cost ruthenium-based catalysts with high activity have emerged as promising alternatives to iridium-based counterparts for acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWE), but the poor stability under high current density remains as a key challenge. Here, we utilize the synergistic complementary strategy of introducing earth-abundant Mn and Nb dopants in ruthenium dioxide (RuO) for NbMnRuO nanoparticle electrocatalyst that exhibits a low overpotential of 209 mV at 10 mA cm and good stability of > 400 h at 0.2 A cm in 0.

Characterization of Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel subfamily Vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) in chub mackerel: Role in low-salinity acclimation and reproductive implications.

Salinity plays a crucial role in fish physiology, including osmoregulation, metabolism, growth, reproduction, and disease resistance. In this study, we characterized the Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel Subfamily Vanilloid 4 (trpv4) gene and investigated the effects of low-salinity conditions on its expression in various tissues of chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus), an economically important aquaculture species. The trpv4 open reading frame (ORF) consists of 2616 nucleotides and encodes an 872-amino acid protein.

Biocontrol of Bacterial Wilt Disease Using Plant-Associated Bacterial Communities in Tomato.

Host-protective or disease-suppressive microorganisms are emerging as sustainable solutions for controlling crop diseases, such as bacterial wilt. However, the efficacy of biocontrol strategies is often constrained by limited resilience under varying environmental conditions and interactions with native microbial communities in the field. One major challenge is that introduced biocontrol microbes often face suppression by indigenous microbes due to competitive interactions.

Dawn of photoredox catalysis.

Photoredox catalysis, which facilitates organic transformations under visible-light irradiation, including sunlight, has garnered considerable attention as a cornerstone of green chemistry. Since the early days of this field around 2010, the author's group has made substantial contributions to its advancement. This review article provides a concise overview of the history and fundamental principles of photoredox catalysis, along with highlights of the achievements by the author's group.

Vascular embolic nanobiomaterials for efficient tumor treatment.

Embolization is a minimally invasive cancer treatment method. Embolization involves artificially blocking blood flow using an embolic agent to block abnormal blood vessels that supply nutrients or oxygen to a specific lesion, thereby killing the lesion, inhibiting its growth, and stopping bleeding. Currently, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and gelatin are the most popular embolic agents.

Event driven neural network on a mixed signal neuromorphic processor for EEG based epileptic seizure detection.

Long-term monitoring of biomedical signals is essential for the modern clinical management of neurological conditions such as epilepsy. However, developing wearable systems that are able to monitor, analyze, and detect epileptic seizures with long-lasting operation times using current technologies is still an open challenge. Brain-inspired spiking neural networks (SNNs) represent a promising signal processing and computing framework as they can be deployed on ultra-low power neuromorphic computing systems, for this purpose.

Plasticity and Co-Factor-Dependent Structural Changes in the RecA Nucleoprotein Filament Studied by Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering (SAXS) Measurements and Molecular Modeling.

Structural analyses of protein filaments formed by self-assembly, such as actin, tubulin, or recombinase filaments, have suffered for decades from technical issues due to difficulties in crystallization, their large size, or the dynamic behavior inherent to their cellular function. The advent of cryo-electron microscopy has finally enabled us to obtain structures at different stages of the existence of these filaments. However, these structures correspond to frozen states, and the possibility of observations in solution is still lacking, especially for filaments characterized by a high plasticity, such as the RecA protein for homologous recombination.

S.C. delivery of ultra-high concentration (up to 500 mg/mL) protein microparticle suspensions: pharmacokinetics, efficacy, biodistribution, and immunogenicity.

A shift towards the subcutaneous (S.C.) delivery of protein therapeutics is enabling patient-centric at-home self-administration.

Unveiling the Local Fate of Charge Carriers in Halide Perovskite Thin Films via Correlation Clustering Imaging.

As the field of metal halide perovskites matures, a range of compositionally different perovskite films has found a place in efficient optoelectronic devices. These films feature variable local structural stability, carrier diffusion, and recombination, while there is still a lack of easy-to-implement generic protocols for high-throughput characterization of these variable properties. Correlation clustering imaging (CLIM) is a recently developed tool that resolves peculiarities of local photophysics by assessing the dynamics of photoluminescence detected by wide-field optical microscopy.

Robust estimation of the incubation period and the time of exposure using -divergence.

Estimating the exposure time to single infectious pathogens and the associated incubation period, based on symptom onset data, is crucial for identifying infection sources and implementing public health interventions. However, data from rapid surveillance systems designed for early outbreak warning often come with outliers originated from individuals who were not directly exposed to the initial source of infection (i.e.

Supramolecular Conductive Hydrogels With Homogeneous Ionic and Electronic Transport.

Mechanically resilient hydrogels with ion-electron mixed transport properties effectively bridge biology with electronics. An ideal bioelectronic interface can be realized through introducing electronically conductive polymers into supramolecular hydrogels. However, inhomogeneous morphologies of conducting polymers, such as poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), have limited mechanical properties and ion-electron interactions.

Treatment of synthetic slaughterhouse wastewater using integrated UV/HO/TiO photocatalytic advanced oxidation process enhanced by yeast-assisted dissolved air floatation.

In treating slaughterhouse wastewater (SWW), conventional treatment processes (CTPs) such as anaerobic processes, membrane processes, and electrocoagulation have various weaknesses, including limited effectiveness, fouling issues, and high energy consumption. Conversely, photocatalytic advanced oxidation processes (PAOPs) have demonstrated superiority over CTPs. However, the treatment effectiveness of PAOPs significantly diminishes when SWW contains high levels of suspended solids (SS).

Foot Flexibility and Alignment Are Weakly Correlated with Multisegment Foot Kinematics During the Landing Task.

Background: Flat feet show increased foot motion during dynamic tasks. Although the increased motion is one of the risk factors for sports-related injuries, few studies have investigated how foot flexibility affects foot kinematics during landing. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between foot alignment, foot flexibility, and multisegment foot kinematics during a double-leg landing task in healthy participants.

Dynamic changes of intracellular signals in ATTR Tyr114Cys amyloidosis.

Hereditary transthyretin (TTR) amyloidosis (ATTRv amyloidosis) is an autosomal dominant disease caused by various TTR mutations. Despite the fact that ATTR Tyr114Cys (p.Tyr134Cys) amyloidosis (tyrosine to cysteine at codon 114) exhibits poorer prognosis than other ATTRv amyloidosis and leads to death due to severe clinical symptoms, the molecular pathogenesis of ATTR Tyr114Cys amyloidosis is still largely unknown.

Photoluminescent, dielectric, and magnetic responsivity to the humidity variation in SHG-active pyroelectric manganese(ii)-based molecular material.

Multifunctional response to external stimuli which engages various properties, including optical, dielectric, magnetic, or mechanical, can be the source of new generations of highly sensitive sensors and advanced switches. Such responsivity is expected for molecular materials based on metal complexes whose properties are often sensitive to even subtle changes in a particular stimulus. We present a novel hybrid organic-inorganic salt based on earth-abundant divalent manganese ions forming two types of complexes, octahedral [Mn(Me-dppmO)] cations with methyl-functionalized bis(diphenylphosphino)methane dioxide ligands and tetrahedral [MnCl] anions.

Knockout of an SPX-related gene for polyphosphate synthetase accelerates phosphate starvation responses in the oleaginous microalga Nannochloropsis oceanica.

SPX domain-containing proteins are important for phosphate (Pi) signaling and homeostasis in various eukaryotes. Genomic and transcriptomic analyses of the oleaginous microalga Nannochloropsis oceanica identified four genes encoding SPX family members with distinct domain architectures: SPX (NoSPX1), SPX-VTC (NoSPX2), SPX-EXS (NoSPX3), and SPX-MFS (NoSPX4). These NoSPX genes responded differentially to Pi deprivation, with NoSPX1 and NoSPX2 expression being significantly up-regulated.

Cardiac dysfunction due to mitochondrial impairment assessed by human iPS cells caused by DNM1L mutations.

Background: DNM1L encodes dynamin-related protein 1, which plays an important role in mitochondrial and peroxisomal division. The DNM1L mutation leads to cardiac dysfunction in patients and animal models. However, the mechanism of cardiac dysfunction caused by DNM1L mutation has not been elucidated clearly at least in the studies of human cardiomyocytes.

Polymerization of 1,3-butadiene catalyzed by Co(ii) and Ni(ii) complexes of 6,6'-dihydroxy-2,2'-bipyridine ligands: 1,4--polymerization isospecific 1,2-polymerization.

Co and Ni complexes having the 6,6'-dihydroxy-2,2'-bipyridine (DHBP) ligand [CoCl(dhbp), NiBr(dhbp)] in the presence of organoaluminum cocatalysts showed much higher catalytic activity in 1,3-butadiene polymerization than the complexes having the 2,2'-bipyridine or 6,6'-dimethoxy-2,2'-bipyridine ligand without hydroxy groups. The polybutadienes obtained had 1,4- structure (up to 94.6%).

Pronounced expression of extracellular matrix proteoglycans regulated by Wnt pathway underlies the parallel evolution of lip hypertrophy in East African cichlids.

Cichlid fishes inhabiting the East African Great Lakes, Victoria, Malawi, and Tanganyika, are textbook examples of parallel evolution, as they have acquired similar traits independently in each of the three lakes during the process of adaptive radiation. In particular, 'hypertrophied lip' has been highlighted as a prominent example of parallel evolution. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood.

Discovery of structurally diverse diazatricyclododecenes as lysosomotropic autophagy inhibitors.

Lysosomotropic autophagy inhibitors were identified from a structurally diverse library of diazatricycloundecanes. Structure activity relationship (SAR) studies on the three side chain substituents (R-R) of diazatricycloundecane identified compound 1e as the most potent inducer of LC3-II protein accumulation. Mechanistic analysis revealed that compound 1e functions as a lysosomotropic agent, increasing lysosomal pH and inhibiting autophagy through lysosomal dysfunction.

Examination of the impact of curiosity and fatigue on brain condition.

With a growing emphasis on cognitive well-being, this study investigates factors influencing brain health, measured by Fractional Anisotropy Brain Healthcare Quotient (FA-BHQ). We find a positive correlation between curiosity, assessed by the Curiosity and Exploration Inventory-II (CEI-II), and brain health as indicated by FA-BHQ. Conversely, fatigue, evaluated using the Chalder Fatigue Scale (CFS), demonstrates a negative correlation with brain health.

Portland cement concrete reinforced with irradiated rayon fiber from textile industry waste.

This study was performed to assess the impacts of rayon fibers and gamma radiation as a modification tool for fiber strength enhancement in fiber-reinforced concrete. The available data on irradiated rayon fiber is inadequate to recognize the impact of gamma radiation on fiber and its application in fiber-reinforced concrete. Three individual fiber modification techniques were used including gamma radiation, chemical grafting, and radiation-induced chemical grafting.

Improving Bioplastic Production: Enhanced P(3HB--3HHx) Synthesis from Glucose by Using Mutant .

Background: Biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) hold promises for various applications in industries ranging from packaging to biomedical engineering, highlighting the importance of this pioneering research in sustainable materials synthesis.

Objectives: The objective of this investigation was to present the successful production of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) copolymer P(3HB--3HHx) from glucose utilizing a newly mutated strain of . This mutant strain carries the pBPP-ccrJ-emd plasmid which harbors a short-chain-length-specific PhaJ enzyme.

Designer Catalyst-Enabled Regiodivergent Histone Acetylation.

The "histone code," defined by the combinatorial patterns of post-translational modifications (PTMs) on histones, plays a pivotal role in chromatin structure and gene expression. Tools for the regioselective introduction of histone PTMs in living cells are critical for dissecting the functions of these epigenetic marks. Here, we report the design and development of three regioselective catalysts that acetylate distinct lysine residues (K43, K108, and K120) on histone H2B.