Screening and eradication of or gastric cancer prevention: Taipei Global Consensus II.

Objective: To convene a global consensus on () screening and eradication strategies for gastric cancer prevention, identify key knowledge gaps and outline future research directions.

Methods: 32 experts from 12 countries developed and refined consensus statements on management, using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework to assess evidence and the Delphi method to achieve ≥80% agreement.

Results: Consensus was achieved on 28 statements.

Gene expression profiling and pathway analysis in acute myeloid leukaemia-normal karyotype patients.

Acute myeloid leukaemia-normal karyotype (AML-NK) exhibits heterogeneity in expression profiles, influencing the treatment response and survival outcome. Transcriptome sequencing allows a comprehensive analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and dysregulated pathways in AML-NK, shedding light on the molecular mechanisms and their implications in patients' management. DEG analyses utilising transcriptome sequencing were conducted using a customised DESeq2 pipeline on 51 AML-NK patients at diagnosis (DX), 12 AML-NK patients who attained first remission (CR1) and 12 healthy controls.

Cross-reactive IgE responses to cockroach, house dust mite, and seafood allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis.

Background: Cockroach allergens remain underrecognized in allergic diseases, despite growing evidence of their clinical impact. This study investigated cockroach sensitization prevalence in allergic rhinitis (AR) patients and its cross-reactivity with house dust mite (HDM) and seafood allergens.

Methods: 110 AR patients sensitized to at least one of eight allergens: (PA), (BG), (DP), (DF), (BT), shrimp, crab and squid were enrolled.

Objective Severity Classification of Unilateral Cleft Lip Nasal Deformity Using Nostril Width, Alar Facial Symmetry Ratio, and Columellar Angle to Justify Surgical Outcomes.

Introduction: Unilateral cleft lip nasal (UCL/N) deformity severity presents complex anatomical challenges, with surgical outcomes influenced by preoperative status. Existing classification systems for UCL/N lack standardization, relying on subjective clinical assessments or isolated anthropometric measures that fails to assess anatomical deformity comprehensively. This limits their utility in objectively stratifying deformity severity and justifying postoperative outcomes.

Stingless bee propolis: a comprehensive review of chemical constituents and health efficacy.

Propolis, consisting of plant-derived materials, wax, and bee secretions, is abundant in bioactive constituents like flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and terpenes, which enhance its various biological functions. These encompass antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anticancer, antidiabetic, and immunomodulatory properties. Propolis has demonstrated effectiveness in the prevention and treatment of multiple illnesses, including cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, infections, diabetes, wound healing, and burns.

Marine Photovoltaic Industry Development: A Review of its Impact on Aquatic Environmental Elements and Future Perspectives.

With renewables, marine photovoltaic (PV) harnessing solar energy gains momentum, promising vast ocean space for power generation with significant benefits.Recent studies indicate that while marine PV systems are designed to address environmental challenges, they can also cause unintended ecological consequences. Mitigating potential negative impacts on aquatic environments has therefore become a critical research priority.

Population Pharmacokinetic Models of Ampicillin-Sulbactam Among Adult Patients with Infectious Diseases: A Systematic Review.

Background: Ampicillin-sulbactam is the first-line treatment for pneumonia, aspiration pneumonia, and infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii. Several population pharmacokinetic (PK) studies have evaluated the intravenous administration of ampicillin-sulbactam in adults. This systematic review aimed to compare published PK models and identify covariates influencing ampicillin-sulbactam PKs.

Vacuum-Sealed Anaerobic Plate Culture Enhances Growth and Confluence of Giardia intestinalis Trophozoites.

Giardia intestinalis trophozoites, the replicative stage responsible for human giardiasis, require anaerobic settings for microtiter plate culture. However, residual ambient oxygen (AAO) within plates and enclosed compartments could hinder consistent confluence. This study evaluated a vacuum-sealed bag (VS) combined with an anaerobic gas generator sachet (AS) (VS+AS) as an alternative culture method to minimize residual AAO.

Nanocellulose-reinforced semi-refined carrageenan biofilms: Surface modification and characterization for sustainable packaging.

Growing environmental concerns over petroleum-based plastics have intensified research into bio-based packaging materials from renewable marine resources. This study reports the fabrication and comprehensive characterization of nanostructured biofilms produced from semi-refined carrageenan (SRC) extracted from red seaweed, reinforced with cellulose nanofibers (CNF) to address the inherent limitations of seaweed-based films, including poor mechanical strength and moisture sensitivity. SRC retaining residual cellulose was combined with varying CNF loadings (0-7 wt%) to enhance structural integrity and moisture-related barrier potential.

Psychometric validation of a culturally adapted health belief model scale for breast cancer screening in Chinese women.

This study aimed to validate a culturally adapted Health Belief Model (HBM) questionnaire for assessing breast cancer screening beliefs among Chinese women and to evaluate its structural validity and measurement invariance. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 314 women aged 18-70 in Guizhou Province, China, using multistage sampling. The original HBM questionnaire underwent cultural adaptation and expert content review.

AI-assisted feedback and reflection in vocal music training: effects on metacognition and singing performance.

Introduction: Metacognition plays a vital role in enhancing learning outcomes and has received increasing attention in recent years. Studies have shown that accomplished musicians typically demonstrate high levels of metacognition, and that reflection and feedback are effective strategies for promoting metacognitive development. This study explores the impact of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) and e-learning tools into vocal music training.

Sustainable innovation in foamed concrete using waste sanitary ware as fine aggregate for properties enhancement.

The solid waste generated by the waste sanitary ware (WSW) sector is of considerable magnitude on a global scale. Recycling ceramic waste is an essential practice that ensures its proper disposal. Therefore, the objective of this research endeavor was to investigate the effects of replacing sand with WSW on different characteristics of foamed concrete (FC), such as its thermal properties, transportability, freshness, and mechanical strengths.

Nasal Bitter Taste Testing for Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Pilot Proof-of-Concept Study.

Objectives: The expression and functionality of bitter taste receptors (T2Rs) in the sinonasal mucosa have been linked to variations in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) severity and susceptibility, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for managing this chronic condition. This study is an initial proof-of-concept study to explore the potential of nasal bitter taste testing as a screening tool for CRS, aiming at developing a screening method to detect the bitter taste receptor in the nose and its sensitivity between healthy individuals and those with CRS using available bitter ligands; therefore, coming up with a suitable titration of this ligand for future use.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 84 adults (42 with CRS and 42 healthy controls) evaluated nasal glucose levels and phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) taste sensitivity.

Freshwater-adapted polychaetes exhibit a complete enzymatic machinery for synthesizing long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids.

The sustainability of aquaculture is challenged by limited fishmeal and fish oil supplies, key sources of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5 n-3), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 n-3) and arachidonic acid (ARA, 20:4 n-6), essential for fish health and product quality. Polychaetes represent a promising alternative. While marine polychaetes show complete LC-PUFA biosynthetic pathways involving elongases (Elovl), front-end desaturases (Fed), and methyl-end desaturases (ω des), freshwater species remain poorly studied.

Bibliometric-driven research on chemoresistance in breast cancer: knowledge mapping, hotspot evolution, and emerging insights (1994-2024).

Background: Chemoresistance remains a pivotal challenge in the clinical management of breast cancer. A systematic dissection of global research trends, evolutionary hotspots, and emerging frontiers in this field is imperative for advancing therapeutic strategies.

Methods: Relevant literature on breast cancer chemoresistance from 1994 to 2024 was retrieved from the Science Citation Index-Expanded (SCI-E) database of the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC).

Development of a core patient-centred outcome set for adults living with obesity: a modified delphi-based international consensus.

Background: Obesity is a chronic disease linked to over 200 health conditions, reduced quality of life, and increased mortality. Despite the availability of multimodal treatments, there is a lack of standardised, patient-centred outcome measures to effectively assess and improve clinical care. This project aimed to define a core set of standardised outcome measures for adults with obesity, incorporating both patient-reported and clinician-reported outcomes.

From prescribing indicators to rational drug use: a medication safety perspective.

Over the past few decades, the emergence of irrational medicine use has become a significant global health challenge. It has contributed to medication errors, adverse drug reactions, higher treatment costs, increased morbidity, and mortality. Problems with irrational prescribing are a matter of concern in low and middle-income countries, where regulatory control is underdeveloped, healthcare systems are constrained by economic pressures, and there is a shortage of trained personnel.

Antimicrobial efficacy of methylene blue-functionalized graphene oxide-mediated photodynamic therapy against in root canal disinfection.

Objective: This study assessed the antimicrobial efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using functionalized graphene oxide with methylene blue (MB/rGO) to achieve root canal disinfection against .

Methods: In this in vitro study, biofilms were developed on 105 single-rooted teeth after decoronation over 21 days. Bacterial viability was assessed with colony forming unit (CFU) analysis.

Unveiling the enigma of myxoid liposarcoma: Diagnostic challenges and multidisciplinary triumphs in limb-salvage surgery.

Liposarcoma is a rare soft-tissue sarcoma accounting for about 5% of adult cases; myxoid liposarcoma is the second most common subtype and typically arises in the lower extremities (especially the thigh). We report the case of a 48-year-old woman who presented with a rapidly enlarging, painful mass in the left thigh over 1 year, which was confirmed to be a myxoid liposarcoma on histopathological examination. The patient underwent wide local excision of the tumor with clear margins; she had an uncomplicated postoperative course and remained disease-free at 6 months of follow-up.

Economic burden and cost drivers of generalized pustular psoriasis: a systematic review.

Unlabelled: Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP), as a rare type of life-threatening psoriasis with currently no effective treatment, imposes a huge economic burden on the healthcare systems. This systematic review aimed to summarize studies on the economic burden of GPP and the corresponding key cost drivers. A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus for eligible studies published between 1st January 2000 and 31st December 2024.

Objective Measures as Indicators to Determine the Attainment of Resonant Voice: A Scoping Review.

Objectives: This scoping review aimed to identify and map objective measures that have been used as indicators to determine the attainment of resonant voice (RV).

Methods: A systematic search was conducted across four electronic databases (ScienceDirect, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus), as well as manual sources and gray literature. Study selection followed the Population-Concept-Context (PCC) framework.

Recent progress of point-of-care aptasensors: assays, limitations and strategies to drive their performance.

Aptamers are gaining traction as ideal molecular recognition elements in diagnostics in lieu of antibodies due to the host of advantages associated with the former as compared to the latter. Their impressive functionalities have also revolutionized the field of point-of-care diagnostics that are conventionally incumbent upon antibodies, as is evident with the myriad of aptasensors developed thus far. Given the vastness of aptasensors reported in the literature, an overview of the recent progress of point-of-care aptasensors, ranging from paper, microfluidics, portable electrochemical, portable fluorometer, personal glucose meter to wearable aptasensors were provided in this study.

Precise copper ion release and recovery in polycaprolactone nanofiber scaffold: an antibacterial and osteogenic synergistic strategy for guided bone regeneration.

Introduction: Infection control and bone regeneration remain major challenges in orthopedic therapy. To address these issues, we developed a multifunctional guided bone regeneration (GBR) nanofibrous material based on electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL). This material combines antibacterial and osteogenic properties using polydopamine (PDA) and copper ions (CuCu).

Probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Probio87 Improves Gut Microbial Profiles in HPV-Positive Women: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled and Double-Blind Study.

HPV infection is a major global health concern, and recent evidence suggests that the gut microbiota may play a critical role in HPV progression and clearance. This study aimed to evaluate the modulatory effects of the probiotic strain Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Probio87 on the gut bacterial composition of HPV-positive women. A 12-week randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, with ethical approval from the Medical Research and Ethics Committee, Ministry of Health Malaysia (NMRR-21-1819-61300), and registration at ClinicalTrials.

Transforming Commodity Crop Byproducts Into Carbon-Based Adsorbents for Flavonoid Recovery: A Review on Key Pyrolysis Parameters, Chemical Activation, and Adsorption Mechanisms.

The development of carbon-based adsorbents for flavonoid purification has gained significant attention due to their high efficiency, sustainability, and cost-effectiveness. Derived from agricultural waste, such as fruit peels, husks, and stems, bio-adsorbents offer an eco-friendly approach to valorizing biomass. These materials are rich in carbon content and can be transformed into highly porous activated carbon through pyrolysis and chemical activation.