Muon spectroscopy of a 12-phosphatetraphene with extremely efficient radical trapping properties.

This paper describes muon spin spectroscopy studies of 12-phosphatetraphene stabilized by a peri-trifluoromethyl group and a meso-aryl substituent. Even though the prepared solution in tetrahydrofuran (THF) was quite dilute (0.060 M) for transverse-field muon spin rotation (TF-µSR) measurements, the π-extended heavier congener of tetraphene presented a pair of signals due to a muoniated radical from which the muon hyperfine coupling constant (hfc) was determined.

Unveiling the Bioleaching Versatility of .

is a Gram-negative bacterium that thrives in extreme acidic conditions. It has emerged as a key player in biomining and bioleaching technologies thanks to its unique ability to mobilize a wide spectrum of elements, such as Li, P, V, Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Mo, W, Pb, U, and its role in ferrous iron oxidation and reduction. catalyzes the extraction of elements by generating iron (III) ions in oxic conditions, which are able to react with metal sulfides.

Maresin-like 1 Ameliorates Neuropathology of Alzheimer's Disease in Brains of a Transgenic Mouse Model.

(1) Background: Impeded resolution of inflammation contributes substantially to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD); consequently, resolving inflammation is pivotal to the amelioration of AD pathology. This can potentially be achieved by the treatment with specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs), which should resolve neuroinflammation in brains. (2) Methods: Here, we report the histological effects of long-term treatment with an SPM, maresin-like 1 (MarL1), on AD pathogenesis in a transgenic 5xFAD mouse model.

Quantitative Estimation of Effective Brønsted Acid Sites of Silica-Supported HSiWO Heteropoly Acid for Adsorption of Various Molecules.

The amount of incorporation of linear alcohols and ethers in HSiWO·6HO (HSiW·6HO, 50 wt %) supported on silica (SiO) was estimated by a conventional volumetric method and infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and the state of involved molecules was elucidated. First, the attribution of the key IR band at 2200 cm, which was observed for the water of crystallization of HSiW·6HO, to HO species (protons) was verified by coincident observation of thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and IR spectroscopy during thermal treatment in addition to the isotope exchange with DO. The 2200 cm band was gradually decreased in intensity by increasing the amount of adsorption of pyridine and was totally consumed at saturation, while the volumetric method provided the accurate number of included pyridine molecules.

Unraveling the Origin of Unusual Cs Atom Disorder in Cesium Octahedral Molybdenum Halide Cluster Compounds, Cs[{MoX}X] (X = Cl and Br).

In this study, we investigate structural disorder and its implications in metal cluster (MC)-based compounds, specifically focusing on Cs[{MoX}X] (X = Cl and Br). Utilizing synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and luminescence measurements, we examined the incorporation of water molecules into these compounds and their effects on the crystal structure and optical properties. Our findings reveal that the presence of water molecules induces the lattice disorder, particularly the displacement of Cs atoms.

Revival of the heat shock response after two decades with a small Hsp in a critical but distinct act.

The heat stress response is an essential defense mechanism in all organisms. Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are produced in response to thermal stress, with their expression levels regulated by heat shock transcription factors. In the key transcription factor σ positively regulates Hsp expression.

Predictive Factors for Invasive Mechanical Ventilation in Community-acquired Pneumonia.

Objective Community-acquired pneumonia is an acute infectious disease with potentialy life-threatening consequences. Because invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) requires the attention of many medical staff, early risk prediction at the time of admission is expected to lead to a predictable course of patient care and the appropriate allocation of medical resources. There are a limited number of reports on predictive factors for IMV, such as SMART-COP.

Disentangling Sources of Momentum Fluctuations in Xe+Xe and Pb+Pb Collisions with the ATLAS Detector.

High-energy nuclear collisions create a quark-gluon plasma, whose initial condition and subsequent expansion vary from event to event, impacting the distribution of the eventwise average transverse momentum [P([p_{T}])]. Disentangling the contributions from fluctuations in the nuclear overlap size (geometrical component) and other sources at a fixed size (intrinsic component) remains a challenge. This problem is addressed by measuring the mean, variance, and skewness of P([p_{T}]) in ^{208}Pb+^{208}Pb and ^{129}Xe+^{129}Xe collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.

Deciphering network dysregulations and temporo-spatial dynamics in disorders of consciousness: insights from minimum spanning tree analysis.

Objectives: The neural mechanism associated with impaired consciousness is not fully clear. We aim to explore the association between static and dynamic minimum spanning tree (MST) characteristics and neural mechanism underlying impaired consciousness.

Methods: MSTs were constructed based on full-length functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signals and fMRI signal segments within each time window.

A sum-frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy studies on buried liquid/liquid interfaces of CCl4/[Cnmim][TFSA] (n = 4 and 8) hydrophobic ionic liquids.

The liquid/liquid interfaces of room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) play a pivotal role in chemical reactions owing to their characteristic microscopic structure, yet the structure of hydrophobic liquid/RTIL interfaces remains unclear. We studied the structure at the liquid/liquid interfaces of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide ([Cnmim][TFSA]; n = 4 and 8) RTILs using infrared-visible sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy. A comparison of the SFG spectra of the CCl4/RTIL and air/RTIL interfaces revealed that the solvation of the alkyl chains of the [Cnmim]+ cations by CCl4 reduces the number of gauche defects in the alkyl chain and the interface number density of the cation at the CCl4 interface.

Dye amount quantification of Papanicolaou-stained cytological images by multispectral unmixing: spectral analysis of cytoplasmic mucin.

Purpose: The color of Papanicolaou-stained specimens is a crucial feature in cytology diagnosis. However, the quantification of color using digital images is challenging due to the variations in the staining process and characteristics of imaging equipment. The dye amount estimation of stained specimens is helpful for quantitatively interpreting the color based on a physical model.

Alteration of nitrogen sink and emission by vegetation distribution in a wetland with significant change in water level.

In wetlands, hydrological conditions drive plant community distribution, forming vegetation zones with plant species and material cycling. This mediates nitrogen migration and NO emissions within wetlands. Five vegetation zones in a large wetland were studied during flooding and drought periods.

Reconsidering the selectivity of bulk autophagy: cargo hitchhiking specifies cargo for degradation.

Bulk macroautophagy/autophagy, typically induced by starvation, is generally thought to isolate cytosolic components for degradation in a non-selective manner. Despite the fundamental nature of the eukaryotic degradation pathway, the question of what cargo is isolated by autophagy has remained unaddressed for over 30 years. We recently employed mass spectrometry to analyze the contents of isolated autophagic bodies.

Support-Free, Connected Core-Shell Nanoparticle Catalysts Synthesized via a Low-Temperature Process for Advanced Oxygen Reduction Performance.

Nanostructured Pt-based catalysts have attracted considerable attention for fuel-cell applications. This study introduces a novel one-pot and low-temperature polyol approach for synthesizing support-free, connected nanoparticles with non-Pt metal cores and Pt shells. Unlike conventional heat treatment methods, the developed support-free and Fe-free connected Pd@Pt (Pd@Pt) nanoparticle catalyst possesses a stable nanonetwork structure with a high surface area.

Image Quantification Analysis of Cytoplasmic Mucin and Interpretation of Mucin Color in Lobular Endocervical Glandular Hyperplasia.

Introduction: Although the widespread use of screening tests and HPV vaccines for squamous cell carcinoma has led to early detection and treatment, effectiveness is limited for cervical adenocarcinoma. Lobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia (LEGH) corresponds to gastric metaplasia but is regarded as a pathological condition with subtle morphological abnormalities. LEGH is a benign lesion and a precursor to gastric-type adenocarcinoma.

Prognostic value of a composite physiologic index developed by adding bronchial and hyperlucent volumes quantified via artificial intelligence technology.

Background: The composite physiologic index (CPI) was developed to estimate the extent of interstitial lung disease (ILD) in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients based on pulmonary function tests (PFTs). The CALIPER-revised version of the CPI (CALIPER-CPI) was also developed to estimate the volume fraction of ILD measured by CALIPER, an automated quantitative CT postprocessing software. Recently, artificial intelligence-based quantitative CT image analysis software (AIQCT), which can be used to quantify the bronchial volume separately from the ILD volume, was developed and validated in IPF.

In-Plane Anomalous Hall Effect Associated with Orbital Magnetization: Measurements of Low-Carrier Density Films of a Magnetic Weyl Semimetal.

For over a century, the Hall effect, a transverse effect under an out-of-plane magnetic field or magnetization, has been a cornerstone for magnetotransport studies and applications. Modern theoretical formulation based on the Berry curvature has revealed the potential that even an in-plane magnetic field can induce an anomalous Hall effect, but its experimental demonstration has remained difficult due to its potentially small magnitude and strict symmetry requirements. Here, we report observation of the in-plane anomalous Hall effect by measuring low-carrier density films of magnetic Weyl semimetal EuCd_{2}Sb_{2}.

Dynamic Control of Chiral Recognition in Water-Soluble Naphthotubes Induced by Hydrostatic Pressure.

The dynamic control of chiral (enantiomeric) responses in chiral host-guest complexes through external stimuli is a significant challenge in modern chemistry for developing smart stimuli-responsive materials. Herein, we report the (chir)optical properties and chiral recognition behavior of water-soluble chiral naphthotubes () under the influence of hydrostatic pressure as an external stimulus. The hydrostatic pressure spectral profiles compared to those obtained at normal pressure revealed the dynamic behavior of under hydrostatic pressure, owing to the flexible linker.

Plastidial thioredoxin-like proteins are essential for normal embryogenesis and seed development in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Thiol/disulfide-based redox regulation is a key mechanism for modulating protein functions in response to changes in cellular redox status. Two thioredoxin (Trx)-like proteins [atypical Cys His-rich Trx (ACHT) and Trx-like2 (TrxL2)] have been identified as crucial for oxidizing and deactivating several chloroplast enzymes during light-to-dark transitions; however, their roles remain to be fully understood. In this study, we investigated the functions of Trx-like proteins in seed development.

Incorporating "kawaii-ness" into your life may increase gray matter volume in the putamen and frontal gyrus.

Interest in kawaii-ness is growing day by day around the world. However, the relationship between the brain and kawaii-ness remains unclear. Previous studies have revealed how adults' brains respond to infants, but there is little research into the relationship between non-infant objects that have kawaii-ness and the brain, particularly its structure.

Methylglyoxal impairs human dermal fibroblast survival and migration by altering mRNA expression .

Fibroblasts are native residents in dermal layer of human skin which are important for dermal regeneration and essential during cutaneous wound healing by releasing inflammatory markers and actively migrate to close an open wound. Premature skin ageing due to methylglyoxal (MGO) has recently caught the attention considering its potential to accelerate the emergence of skin ageing signs, however previous studies were only focused in primary neonatal dermal fibroblast and NIH3t3 fibroblast cell line. Therefore, thorough investigation is required to study the impact of MGO on primary human dermal fibroblast isolated from adult subject (HDFa).

Theoretical and data-driven approaches to semiconductors and dielectrics: from prediction to experiment.

Computational approaches using theoretical calculations and data scientific methods have become increasingly important in materials science and technology, with the development of relevant methodologies and algorithms, the availability of large materials data, and the enhancement of computer performance. As reviewed herein, we have developed computational methods for the design and prediction of inorganic materials with a particular focus on the exploration of semiconductors and dielectrics. High-throughput first-principles calculations are used to systematically and accurately predict the local atomic and electronic structures of polarons, point defects, surfaces, and interfaces, as well as bulk fundamental properties.

Development of a New Salt of Piperine with Toluene Sulfonic Acid and Its Anti-Inflammation Effect In Vivo.

Piperine (PPN) is a natural compound with an anti-inflammation effect and low solubility. Hence, some molecular modifications have improved its solid-state character, including cocrystal formation. However, the salt structure has yet to be widely studied.