Immune cells influence major depression through metabolites: A Mendelian randomization analysis of bidirectional causality and mediating effects.

Objective: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is among the most prevalent and debilitating mental health conditions worldwide. This study aims to investigate the bidirectional causal relationship between immune cells and MDD using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis and determine whether metabolites mediate this relationship.

Methods: We compiled and analyzed whole-genome data for 731 immune cell traits, 1091 blood metabolites, 309 metabolic ratios, and disease data from 170,756 individuals with MDD and 329,443 controls.

Piezo1 promotes M1 macrophage polarization and impairs osteogenic differentiation in bone infection.

Background: Bone infection induces a strong inflammatory response and leads to impaired bone regeneration, in which macrophages sense mechanistic signals and modulate immune responses in the inflammatory microenvironment through Piezo1. Nonetheless, the regulatory role of Piezo1 in macrophages during bone infection remains elusive.

Methods: Rat models of infected bone defects were established for bulk RNA sequencing and single-cell RNA sequencing.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation alleviates radiation-induced brain injury in rats: involving the inhibition of ferroptosis.

Radiation-induced brain injury (RIBI) is a prevalent complication following radiotherapy for head and neck tumors, and its effective therapeutic strategies are lacking. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death, has recently emerged as an important mechanism of radiation-induced cell death. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a noninvasive neuro-interventional technique with antioxidant and neuroprotective properties.

Effects of chicken manure-derived black soldier fly organic fertilizer on soil carbon and nitrogen cycling: insights from metagenomic and microbial network analysis.

Black soldier fly (BSF) organic fertilizer is known to enhance soil fertility and promote plant growth. However, its effects on soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling remains unclear. In this study, we established a BSF chicken manure bioconversion system to produce BSF organic fertilizer and investigate its impacts on soil C and N cycling, as well as microbial ecological networks through metagenomic analysis.

Transcriptomics and metabolomics revealed the effects of Polygonatum Rhizoma polysaccharide on delaying C. elegans senescence and ameliorating Alzheimer's disease.

We explored the role of Polygonatum Rhizoma polysaccharide (PRP) in delaying aging and improving Alzheimer's disease (AD) and revealed its potential molecular mechanism. Through chemical characterizations to clarify the physicochemical properties of PRP, it was found that PRP mainly consists of mannose, glucose, galactose, and arabinose, with molecular weights ranging from 7.4 × 10 to 9.

vtRNA1-1 drives regorafenib resistance by sustaining cancer stemness via impaired autophagy and altered svRNA biogenesis.

While vault RNA1-1 (vtRNA1-1) has been implicated in tumor biology, its specific role in cancer stemness and regorafenib resistance remains unexplored. In this study, we identify vtRNA1-1 as a critical regulator of cancer stemness and chemoresistance in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). vtRNA1-1 enhances stemness properties by modulating the nuclear accumulation of Nanog, a core transcription factor.

Profiling of Volatile Organic Compounds in Clinical Isolate Cultures and Stools from Children with Clostridioides difficile Infection by HS-SPME-GC-MS.

Bacterial volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been investigated as non-invasive approaches for the diagnosis of infectious diseases. Here, we aimed to explore potential diagnostic markers by profiling VOCs in cultures of unique clinical Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) isolates and stool samples from pediatric patients with C.

Phosphorus limitation induces membrane lipid remodeling in aquatic phytoplankton.

Phosphorus (P) is a critical limiting nutrient for phytoplankton growth in aquatic ecosystems. Under P-limitation, phytoplankton adapt by remodeling membrane lipids, replacing phospholipids (PLs) with non-P lipids such as sulfolipid sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG) and betaine lipids (BLs). This mechanism is essential for reevaluating the relationship between phosphate (PO) concentrations and primary productivity.

Environmental investment and green innovation in polluting enterprises: Evidence from heavily polluting listed firms in China.

This study explores the impact of environmental investment on green innovation in heavily polluting enterprises using data from Chinese listed firms (2010-2022). Theoretical analysis based on the neoclassical growth model suggests that environmental investment fosters green innovation. Empirical results confirm this positive effect, although its strength varies with internal and external factors.

Dual-synergistic molybdenum disulfide and molybdenum carbide cocatalyst integrated with graphitic carbon nitride for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production.

Heterojunctions have garnered significant attention in the field of photocatalysis due to their exceptional ability to facilitate the separation of photogenerated charge carriers and their high efficiency in hydrogen reaction. However, their overall photocatalytic performance is often constrained by electron transport rates and suboptimal hydrogen adsorption/desorption kinetics. To address these challenges, this study develops a g-CN/MoS@MoC dual-effect synergistic solid-state Z-type heterojunction, synthesized through the in-situ sulfurization of MoC combined with ultrasonic self-assembly technique.

Metal organic frameworks derived Fe-CoF/MXene composites as efficient Electrocatalysts for the overall water splitting.

Transition metal fluorides because of the high electronegativity of fluorine may enhance the local electron density of the metal sites and promote water molecule dissociation and charge transfer. However, enhancing the intrinsic activity of fluorides to improve material stability remains a challenge. Herein, we develop an innovative four-step synthetic strategy (electrochemical deposition → co-precipitation → ligand exchange → in situ fluorination) to engineer three-dimensional porous Fe-doped CoF nanocubes vertically anchored on MXene (Fe-CoF/MXene/NF).

Rational design of Pt-integrated SnNbO/BiMoO monolayer S-scheme heterojunction for efficient ethylene removal toward fresh produce preservation.

Effective removal of ethylene (CH) during fruit and vegetables storage and transport remains a critical challenge for post-harvest preservation. Although S-scheme heterojunctions can improve charge separation and redox capacity for ethylene degradation, their efficiency is still restricted by limited carrier transfer and sluggish oxygen activation. Here, we rationally designed a novel 2D/2D SnNbO/BiMoO monolayer S-scheme heterojunction integrated with Pt co-catalyst to address these limitations.

Preparation, characterization, and antioxidant activity of bovine bone peptide-calcium chelate against oxidative stress-induced injury in Caco-2 cells.

In this study, bovine peptide‑calcium chelates (BBP-Ca) were prepared via enzymatic hydrolysis to generate peptides and fermentation to obtain soluble calcium ions, which were then chelated together. The structural characteristics of BBP-Ca were comprehensively analyzed using FTIR, SEM, and UV spectroscopy. Additionally, its antioxidant capacity was evaluated by examining its protective effects against oxidative stress-induced damage in Caco-2 cells.

Transcriptomics and metabolomics provide insights into the mechanisms of softening in Agaricus bisporus due to infestation by Trichoderma harzianum.

Postharvest softening of Agaricus bisporus (A. bisporus) is a major factor in its quality deterioration. However, the physiological changes involved in softening of A.

Tumor-associated neutrophils promote breast cancer progression via RLN2/RXFP1-C6orf99-STAT3 axis.

Tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) play a critical role in breast cancer progression. This study demonstrated that high CD66b TANs infiltration correlated with poor disease-free survival (DFS) and promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of breast cancer cells in vitro. Conversely, the immune-related long non-coding RNA C6orf99 was downregulated in breast cancer and associated with favorable DFS.

In-situ extrusion 3D printing with tea polyphenol crosslinking for Hyaluronic acid sodium salt -based composite hydrogel scaffolds.

High-performance hydrogel biomaterials hold considerable promise for advanced wound care. However, the suboptimal mechanical properties of conventional hydrogel materials limit their practical application. In this study, Hyaluronic acid sodium salt (HA), xanthan gum (XG), and N-acryloyl-glycinamide (NAGA) hydrogels with porous structures were successfully fabricated using in-situ extrusion 3D printing technology, and a functionalization strategy involving tea polyphenol (TP) immersion was proposed to enhance material properties through additional hydrogen bonding.

Reproduction, metabolic enzyme activity, and metabolomics in earthworms Eisenia fetida exposed to different polymer microplastics.

Plastics degradation generates microplastics (MPs), posing a risk to soil function and organisms. Currently, the impact of MPs derived from different polymers remains poorly understood. In this study, the effects of three polymers (polypropylene (PP), polylactic acid (PLA), and polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT)) were investigated at environmentally relevant levels (0, 0.

Layer-dependent and delayed responses of disinfection by-product precursors to rainfall events in a stratified deepwater reservoir.

Rainfall events significantly increase dissolved organic matter (DOM) and disinfection by-product (DBP) precursors in the reservoir, threatening water supply security. However, the vertical variations and ecological drivers of DBP precursors in the deepwater stratified reservoir during rainfall events remain poorly understood. This study investigated DOM composition, DBP precursors, nutrients, metals, and algae in the Sanhekou Reservoir under stormwater influence.

Orbital energy level engineering: 3d high-spin Mn's d-electron mediating electronic structure of VO boosting highly durable aqueous ammonium ion batteries.

Aqueous batteries have become a prospective future energy storage system because of their low coefficient of cost and stability. However, their lower energy density limits their applications. Ammonium ions (NH) have a small hydration radius and light molar mass, and aqueous ammonium ion batteries (AAIBs) are anticipated for solving the inherent low-energy density problem of aqueous batteries.

Selenium-regulated band structure engineering in CF cathodes enables high-power and wide-temperature Li/CF primary batteries.

Li/CF primary batteries are renowned for their exceptional energy density, yet their practical deployment is hindered by the inherently sluggish kinetics of the CF cathode. This study addresses this limitation by incorporating selenium (Se) into CF (denoted as CF/Se) via a facile low-temperature thermal treatment, significantly enhancing its electrochemical performance. Comprehensive spectroscopic and electrochemical analyses reveal that Se doping induces the formation of CSe bonds, which promote semi-ionic CF bonding, thereby accelerating Li diffusion and reducing charge transfer resistance.

Structure-guided discovery of nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole (NBD) scaffold-based PFKFB4 inhibitors for cancer therapy.

Cancer remains a leading global cause of mortality, with treatment efficacy often compromised by drug resistance, highlighting the urgent need for novel targeted therapies. The enzyme fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase 4 (PFKFB4) governs glycolytic flux by modulating fructose-2,6-bisphosphate (F2,6BP) levels. PFKFB4 overexpression has been observed in various cancers and correlates with tumor growth, aggressiveness, and poor prognosis.

A collagen/silk fibroin/magnesium hydroxide multifunctional sponge with enhanced mechanical strength, rapid hemostasis, and antibacterial properties for promoting infectious wound healing.

Hemostatic intervention at the bleeding site during early-phase wound management plays a crucial role in reducing trauma-induced complications and mortality, while advanced wound dressings facilitate hemorrhage control, exudate management, and antimicrobial protection to promote optimal healing outcomes. To address these issues, we developed a multifunctional collagen/silk fibroin/Mg(OH)₂ (Col/SF/Mg(OH)₂) composite sponge combining enhanced mechanical strength, rapid hemostasis, and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. The incorporation of silk fibroin (SF) through covalent crosslinking increased the elastic modulus by 4.

Unveiling the binding details of berberine mid-chain fatty acid salts on lysozyme: Multi-spectroscopy and molecular docking.

The interactions of three berberine mid-chain fatty acid salts ([BBR][C], n = 6, 7, 8) with lysozyme (Lyz) are investigated in detail using multi-spectroscopic and molecular docking techniques. Steady-state fluorescence and UV-visible absorption experiments suggest that the binding mechanism of [BBR][C] on Lyz is a static quenching with a binding ratio of 1:1. The compound [BBR][C] exhibits a moderate binding affinity toward Lyz.

Viscosity-sensitive fluorescent probes based on the hemicyanine for the organelle-specific visualization during autophagy and ferroptosis.

The dynamic monitoring of cell death processes remains a significant challenge due to the scarcity of highly sensitive molecular tools. In this study, two hemicyanine-based probes (5a-5b) with D-π-A structures were developed for organelle-specific viscosity monitoring. Both probes exhibited correlation with the Förster-Hoffmann viscosity-dependent relationship (R > 0.

Resolve and regulate: Alum nanoplatform coordinating STING availability and agonist delivery for enhanced anti-tumor immunotherapy.

The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway represents a promising target in cancer immunotherapy. However, the clinical translation of cyclic dinucleotide (CDN)-based STING agonists remains hindered by insufficient formation of functional CDN-STING complexes. This critical bottleneck arises from two interdependent barriers: inefficient cytosolic CDN delivery and tumor-specific STING silencing via DNA methyltransferase-mediated promoter hypermethylation.