Evolving Strategies in Amblyopia Management: From Traditional Therapies to Cutting-Edge Innovations.

Amblyopia, commonly referred to as "lazy eye," is a prevalent visual disorder affecting children and, in some cases, adults. Traditional treatments, including occlusion therapy and pharmacological approaches, have demonstrated efficacy but also face limitations related to adherence, age dependency, and recurrence rates. This narrative review explores evolving strategies in amblyopia management, from conventional therapies to emerging innovations.

Effect of Preoperative Oral Gabapentin on Postoperative Pain, Opioid Use, and Hospital Stay in Patients Undergoing Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Prospective Observational Study.

Background: Effective postoperative pain management is a cornerstone of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols, particularly in bariatric procedures such as sleeve gastrectomy. Uncontrolled pain can delay recovery, increase opioid use, and prolong hospital stay. Gabapentin, a gabapentinoid with analgesic and opioid-sparing properties, has shown promise as part of a multimodal analgesia regimen.

Echocardiography versus cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in evaluating right ventricle systolic function in paediatric patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot.

Background: Right ventricular dysfunction is a common complication after surgical correction of tetralogy of Fallot. The assessment of right ventricular systolic function using cardiac magnetic resonance is the gold method. Our study aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of echocardiographic parameters in identifying right ventricular systolic dysfunction in comparison to cardiac magnetic resonance in children with repaired tetralogy of Fallot.

Impact of cryopreservation agents on sperm quality, DNA fragmentation, and apoptotic markers in fertile and infertile males.

Semen cryopreservation is a crucial technique for preserving male fertility, playing a vital role in assisted reproductive procedures by storing frozen semen samples for artificial insemination (AI) and intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) to enhance reproductive success rates. This study aims to identify the most effective cryopreservation methods and assess their impact on semen quality, particularly sperm DNA fragmentation. A total of 30 semen samples were categorized into fertile and infertile groups.

Fracture resistance of molars receiving nanoceramic-resin CAD/CAM onlays after cervical marginal elevation with different injectable restorative materials: effect of six-month water storage.

Objective: To assess the influence of six-month water storage on the fracture resistance of molars receiving mesio-occluso-distal (MOD) nanoceramic CAD/CAM onlay restorations after cervical marginal elevation (CME) with different injectable restorative materials.

Materials And Methods: Two hundred ten sound mandibular molars received standardized MOD onlay preparations with cervical margins extending 2 mm apical to the cementoenamel junction (CEJ). Molars were randomly assigned into five groups (n = 42) according to the restorative materials used for CME: No-CME Group, control; CME-HVGI Group, highly viscous glass ionomer; CME-ICR Group, injectable composite resin; CME-RMGI Group, resin-modified glass ionomer; CME-BAIR Group, bioactive ionic resin.

Diagnosis and treatment outcomes of primary lymphoma of the thyroid gland.

Introduction: Primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) is a rare extranodal malignancy accounting for less than 5% of thyroid cancer, with a unique algorithm of management in contrast to other types of thyroid cancer, where surgery is the cornerstone of management. PTL usually shows female predominance, and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most prevalent pathological subtype. In this study, we aimed to assess thyroid lymphoma's epidemiology, patterns of relapse, diagnostic approaches, and prognostic features, presenting a 16.

Milled in versus round bar for mini implant retained mandibular overdentures: a 8-year retrospective radiographic study of peri-implant bone changes and posterior ridge resorption.

Objective: This retrospective radiography study's main objective was to compare round and milled bars for mandibular overdentures assisted by 4 mini-dental implants (MDI) on peri-implant marginal bone loss (MBL)and posterior mandibular ridge resorption(PRR) after 8 years.

Materials And Methods: Thirty male Participants in a retrospective analysis were treated between 2016 and 2024 who had four interforaminal mini implants supporting an overdenture on a milled bar. Two equal groups of 15 patients each were randomly assigned to receive mandibular overdentures: Group I received overdentures retained by milled bars, while Group II received overdentures retained by round joint bars.

Global Inequities in Pregnancy in Women With Kidney Disease.

Pregnancy in women with kidney disease is high risk and associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Kidney disease in pregnancy continues to remain under-recognized and underdiagnosed, and disparities exist in access to kidney care for pregnancy patients. Health disparities with kidney disease and pregnancy are connected to differences in social, economic, cultural, and environmental factors; geographical location; and race/ethnicity.

SOX9 Is a Key Factor for the Postnatal Maturation of the Intrahepatic Bile Duct Network.

Aim: The sex-determining region Y-box 9 (SOX9) plays a critical role in the development of intrahepatic bile ducts (IHBDs) during the embryonic stage. However, its role in postnatal IHBD maturation remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the function of SOX9 in the postnatal development of the bile duct network, with particular emphasis on its role in structural organization.

Preventive role of CD163-positive macrophages in postoperative peritoneal adhesions.

Background: Although abdominal surgeries can be lifesaving, they are often accompanied by the complication of peritoneal adhesion formation. While macrophages contribute to this process, the specific subtypes and underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Methods: We aimed to identify and investigate the roles of the functional subtypes of macrophages involved in adhesion formation to identify new strategies to combat postoperative peritoneal adhesions.

Unraveling the molecular interaction of Larotrectinib with calf thymus DNA: A comprehensive study using multi-spectroscopic, thermodynamic, and computational techniques.

The study of the interaction between small molecules and biological macromolecules is a critical area of research with significant implications across various scientific fields. Larotrectinib, a tropomyosin kinase inhibitor, is used to treat patients with solid tumors harboring neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) gene fusions. In this investigation, the interaction between larotrectinib and calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) was thoroughly examined using a combination of techniques, including UV-Vis spectrophotometry, spectrofluorimetry, viscosity measurements, ionic strength variation, thermodynamic analysis, molecular dynamics simulations, and docking studies.

Eight complete and four draft genome sequences of nonpathogenic isolates from naive, healthy layer chickens in the USA.

is a primary bacterial pathogen causing infectious coryza (IC), a respiratory disease of chickens. However, nonpathogenic (npAP) has been discovered in naive, healthy chickens, complicating IC diagnosis. Here, we report eight complete and four draft genome sequences of npAP isolates from four US states.

Effect of COVID-19 on hematological parameters and subsequent risk of anemia and bleeding in middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has resulted in a significant number of infections, particularly among individuals with type 2 diabetes, who are at an increased risk. Our goal was to examine how COVID-19 has affected hematological parameters and coagulation markers in elderly patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: The study conducted at tertiary-care hospitals in Tabuk focused on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were also infected with COVID-19.

Neurodevelopmental assessment of early treated children with phenylketonuria: insights from Griffith III scales.

Unlabelled: Neonatal screening of phenylketonuria (PKU) and early treatment are fundamental to prevent mental retardation in children. Unfortunately, it has been observed that some neurological sequelae may still be exhibited despite these preventive strategies. Assessment of the neurodevelopment of early treated children may aid in understanding the devastating effect of PKU on the developing brain, so this study aimed to investigate the neurodevelopmental outcome of early-treated children with PKU using Griffiths-III developmental scales.

Fortifying the Nursing Workforce: Nursing-Led Psychological Capital Interventions to Advance Resilience, Occupational Hardiness, and Engagement: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Psychological capital, occupational hardiness, and work engagement are critical factors influencing workplace resilience and motivation. This study evaluates the impact of a nursing-led psychological capital intervention on these outcomes among nurses.

Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 174 nurses randomly assigned to the intervention group (IG, n = 87) or control group (CG, n = 87).

Bacteriophage therapy in clinical practice: case studies of infections.

The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant () infections poses a major challenge in clinical settings, particularly when antibiotic therapy fails and surgical source control is not feasible. Bacteriophage therapy (BT) has emerged as a promising alternative, offering a targeted approach to combat persistent infections. Recent advancements in phage isolation, purification and genomic characterization have facilitated their use in compassionate treatment cases.

Predictors of uveitic macular edema and functional prognostic outcomes: real-life data from the international AIDA Network uveitis registry.

Objectives: To detect factors capable of predicting the development of macular edema (ME) throughout the disease course in patients affected by non-infectious uveitis (NIU).

Methods: Predictive factors leading to the development of ME were analyzed through regression analysis. The functional impact of ME on best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was also examined.

Erratum: Cisternal Neurocysticercosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Therapeutic Efficacy, Safety, and Outcomes.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1055/a-2642-8152.].

Efficacy and Safety of Penetrating Keratoplasty and Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty in Corneal Macular Dystrophy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

To compare efficacy and safety for deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) versus penetrating keratoplasty (PK) for macular corneal dystrophy. Following PRISMA guidelines, we searched four electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science) to identify eligible studies reported up to January 2024. Using STATA 17, we reported outcomes as log risk ratios (log RRs) or mean difference (SMD) and confidence intervals (CIs).

The association between Dietary Obesity-Prevention Score (DOS) and type 2 diabetes (T2D): a case-control study.

Background: The global prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) continues to rise, with dietary patterns recognized as a major contributing factor in its development. The Dietary Obesity-Prevention Score (DOS) is a validated tool designed to evaluate adherence to dietary behaviors associated with obesity prevention. This case-control study aimed to examine the association between adherence to the DOS and the risk of developing T2D.

Association between anastomotic leak after rectal resection and bowel dysfunction, a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression.

Background: Anastomotic leak (AL) after colorectal anastomosis can be a risk factor for bowel dysfunction, namely low anterior resection syndrome (LARS). The present study aimed to assess bowel dysfunction in patients who developed AL after anterior resection compared to patients without AL.

Methods: We conducted a PRISMA-compliant systematic review of PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane Library for randomized and observational studies investigating the association between AL after anterior resection and bowel dysfunction.

CCR4-NOT Transcription Complex Subunit 7 (CNOT7) Protein and Leukocyte-Associated Immunoglobulin-like Receptor-1 in Breast Cancer Progression: Clinical Mechanistic Insights and In Silico Therapeutic Potential.

Metastatic breast cancer (BC) spread underscores the need for novel prognostic biomarkers. This study investigated CCR4-NOT Transcription Complex Subunit 7 (CNOT7) and leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor-1 (LAIR-1) in BC progression and natural killer (NK) cell resistance. In the current study, 90 female BC patients (46 non-metastatic, 44 metastatic) were analyzed.

Deciphering crop-specific rhizobacteriome assembly in cotton, sorghum, and soybean under hot semi-arid field conditions in Texas.

Background: Different crops may recruit specific rhizosphere microbiomes that support their survival under unfavorable conditions, including hot semi-arid climates. However, the processes driving microbiome assembly within different crops and their adaptation to such extreme environmental conditions remain poorly understood. This study investigates whether upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), and soybean (Glycine max) recruit distinct or overlapping rhizospheric bacterial communities under hot semi-arid conditions in Lubbock, Texas, United States, with a focus on their potential role in enhancing crop resilience.

The augmentative role of chitosan and platelet-rich fibrin in reducing epidural fibrosis after laminectomy in rats.

Background: Epidural fibrosis (EF) is the major complication that develops in the operative region of the spinal vertebrae. This fibrous scar connects the connective tissue around the lateral nerve roots and epidural, resulting in severe pain post-spinal operation and impairment of the nerves' function.

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of using platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), chitosan, and their combination in reducing epidural fibrosis after laminectomy in rats.

Smarter stem cells: how AI is supercharging iPSC technology.

Integrated with artificial intelligence (AI), induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology could enhance disease modeling, cellular biology, regenerative medicine, and pharmaceutical development. AI has enhanced iPSC differentiation, cultural conditions, and speed of disease-specific model development. Furthermore, AI-based massive omics database analysis exposes hidden biological tendencies, enhancing customized treatment.