Microbial consortia-mediated rice residue decompositon for eco-friendly management.

Burning rice straw contribute to Atmospheric Pollution, which makes it unsustainable in the long-run, but are still opted by farmers due to faster removal of residue. Lignocellulose Degrading Microorganisms, facilitating sustainable management, may accelerate the breakdown of various crop residues. A study comprised of twenty-one treatments including fungal strains, bacterial strains and microbial consortia.

Enhancing cadmium stress tolerance in mungbean through foliar application of selenium nanoparticles by modulating photosynthetic efficiency and antioxidative mechanisms.

Cadmium (Cd) contamination has become a major environmental issue and has toxic effects on agricultural crops. Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element that plays an important role due to its impact on several physiological and biochemical processes in plants. This study addresses the mechanistic insights into the role of SeNPs in enhancing Cd stress tolerance, thereby contributing to sustainable nano-agronomic strategies for the soils contaminated with heavy metals (HMs).

A Biotechnological Approach to Insect Waste Valorization: Silkworm Pupae as a Functional Feed Ingredient for Pangasius pangasius, Improving Growth and Physiological Responses.

The rising cost of fish meal and soybean meal for aquafeeds has encouraged researchers to look for alternative protein sources. To find an alternative, this study was designed to replace soybean meal with silkworm pupae meal. An experimental feeding trial of 75 days was conducted on Pangasius fingerlings to assess the effects of partially substituted soybean meal with silkworm pupae meal (SWPM) on growth performance, antioxidant activity, and digestive enzymes.

Nutraceutical Rumex nervosus as a Natural Drug Candidate; its Metabolite Profiling and Pharmacological Estimation for Health Applications.

Background: Rumex nervosus Vahl is a phenomenal plant from Arabian Peninsula and East African areas. It potentially contains massive therapeutic phytochemicals, including Omeprazole, sitosterols, fatty acids, flavonoids and carotenes. Omepazole (a commercial drug) is used to treat stomach ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux and cardiac disorders.

Enhancing the early detection of Alzheimer's disease using an integrated CNN-LSTM framework: A robust approach for fMRI-based multi-stage classification.

Alzheimer's Disease poses a significant challenge as a progressive and irreversible neurological condition striking the elderly population. Its incurable nature correlates with a significant rise in death rates. However, early detection can slow its progression and facilitate prompt intervention, thereby mitigating mortality risks.

Quality of reported ages: A robust re-modification in Total Modified Whipple's Index.

In demographic research, the accuracy of the reported ages in surveys and censuses is a persistently important issue. The common indices developed and used to examine the quality of age data are Whipple, Myers, Bachi's, modified Whipple, and the total modified Whipple's index. The most commonly used and simplest to compute index is the original Whipple's index proposed by George Chandler Whipple.

Potential of syringol and guaiacol in mitigating hyperglycemia associated dicarbonyl stress in rats subjected to high-fat high-fructose diet.

Objective: The current study assessed the pharmacological potential of syringol and guaiacol, both separately and in combination, in hyperglycemia linked to dicarbonyl stress (DS).

Methods: The control group (n = 5) received a standard diet with Tween 20 and disease group received high-fat high-fructose diet. The remaining four groups received metformin, syringol (100 μg/kg), guaiacol (100 μg/kg), or a combination of both (50 + 50 μg/kg) starting on the 29th day and lasting 30 days.

Kaempferol alleviates cypermethrin induced reproductive toxicity in rats via Nrf2-mediated antioxidant and apoptotic regulation with histopathological evidence: in vivo and in silico study.

Cypermethrin (CYP), a common synthetic pyrethroid pesticide, is associated with oxidative stress-mediated female reproductive toxicity. With increasing concern over reproductive failures, exploring natural alternatives to mitigate this problem is crucial. For this purpose, thirty-six female SD rats were divided into six different (n = 6) groups such as negative control (group I), while disease control (group II) was treated to CYP-induced toxicity.

Interactions between micro(nano)plastics and natural organic matter: implications for toxicity mitigation in aquatic species.

Plastics have significantly contributed to modern conveniences owing to their ease of use, stability, and adaptability. However, the fragmentation of plastics into microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) poses significant environmental risks. These micro(nano)plastics (MNPs) can adsorb various pollutants and pathogens, potentially posing significant ecological risks.

Standardized Tamarindus indica and Colocasia esculenta leaves extracts alleviate obesity in high fat, high sucrose and letrozole-induced obese rats.

Tamarindus indica and Colocasia esculenta are two highly popular edible plants known for their multiple biological activities and diverse secondary metabolites. The aim of this study was to explore the obesity management potential of the leaf extracts of both plants through in-vitro, in-vivo and in silico studies. T.

A tetrahydropyrimidine derivative demonstrates neuroprotection against ketamine-induced schizophrenia through moderating oxidative and inflammatory markers.

Schizophrenia impacts individuals' cognition, perceptions, behavior and memory and influences almost 1-1.5% of the global population. It is a psychotic disorder possibly caused by high levels of immunostimulants as well as oxygen-derived free radicals in the blood and CSF.

Role of Interleukins in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes.

: Despite distinct etiologies, type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) share chronic inflammation as a core feature. Interleukins, key immune mediators, play important yet still not fully understood roles in the development and complications of both conditions. : This narrative review aims to provide a comprehensive and critical synthesis of current evidence on the role of key interleukins in T1D and T2D, highlighting their immunological functions, genetic associations, clinical correlations, and translational potential.

Mitigation of inflammation and oxidative stress in FCA-induced arthritic rat model through gum acacia intervention: a comprehensive in‑vivo study.

Rheumatoid arthritis is a persistent immune-mediated inflammatory disorder that primarily affects joint bones, impacting approximately 0.5-1.0% of the global population.

Navigating towards a plastic-free future: A holistic review of microplastic accumulation and management for land and environmental sustainability.

Bioaccumulation of micro (nano) plastics (MNPs) in freshwater and marine ecosystems) and their consumption by life forms can lead to health decline. Importance of suitable infrastructure growth, waste valorization, cost-effective methods for managing plastic waste, and feasible options to reduce in the environment were proposed in this study. Results suggested that introducing MPs at varying concentrations reduces key soil enzyme activities, indicating a dose-dependent effect on microbial functions.

Microfluidic Platform for Predicting Nanoparticle Dynamics in Cancer Therapeutics.

The aim of this study was to design a simple microfluidic tumor-on-a-chip representation for investigating nanoparticle (NP) penetration and envisaging their behaviour for cancer treatment by utilizing synthetic Yellow-Green FluoSphere NPs (40 nm) and 200 nm Red FluoSphere NPs. This method is not only convenient but cost effective too and can easily be adapted for different types of cancer. Moreover, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were also synthesized (green) via B.

Biomimetic silk fibroin meshes for regenerative soft tissue repair: Multiscale evaluation of a spatiotemporally active scaffold.

Background: To address traditional/commercial surgical meshes linked complications like fibrosis, seroma, and bacterial infections, this study highlights the benefits of using lightweight, large-pore, all natural material meshes for abdominal wall healing, soft tissue repair and regeneration.

Method: This study presents a first-of-its-kind approach combining hand-knitted silk fibroin (SF) meshes with spin-assisted dip-coated biopolymer-phytochemical composites for soft tissue repair. The multifunctional mesh fabricated via a sustainable crochet method- weft hand-knitted silk fibroin (SF) meshes was surface-functionalized with spin-assisted dip biopolymer-phytochemical coatings.

Hematological parameters in atrial fibrillation: A literature review.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a frequent cardiac arrhythmia in the general population, which is associated with an increased risk of several health issues. It has been demonstrated that hematological variables predict the occurrence and recurrence of AF. This review article specifically only focuses on haemoglobin, hematocrit, platelet count, white blood cells (WBCs), lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and red blood cells in the pathophysiology of AF.

Early Childhood Anemia in Ghana: Prevalence and Predictors Using Machine Learning Techniques.

: Early childhood anemia is a severe public health concern and the most common blood disorder worldwide, especially in emerging countries. This study examines the sources of childhood anemia in Ghana through various societal, parental, and child characteristics. : This research used data from the 2022 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (GDHS-2022), which comprised 9353 children.

Environmental relevant concentrations of copper sulphate induce biochemical and molecular toxicity in Labeo rohita.

Copper is an important element involved in the catalysis of many vital reactions in the body of an organism. However, excessive copper causes cellular damage by accelerating the production of reactive oxygen species and disrupting the physiological reactions. The present research was conducted to determine the toxicological effects including oxidative stress profile, concentrations of anti-oxidant enzymes and genotoxicity of three different doses (0.

Role of interleukins in the pathogenesis of cholangiocarcinoma: A literature review.

This article summarized the role of interleukins (ILs) in the pathogenesis of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). It discovered a negative feedback mechanism wherein alternative splicing led to the upregulation of the IL 1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN) isoforms IL1RN-201 and IL1RN-203, which play a crucial anti-inflammatory role in -mutant intrahepatic CCA (iCCA). Higher levels of IL-4 receptor were associated with a worse survival rate in patients with CCA.

Simulation-Guided Engineering of Mg-Doped Silica Membranes via DFT and MATLAB: Toward High-Efficiency Desalination and Antibacterial Protection.

In this work, magnesium (Mg)-doped silica membranes were fabricated via a facile sol-gel method and systematically evaluated for multifunctional water purification applications with a specific focus on membrane distillation (MD). In this study, controlled incorporation of magnesium into the silica network effectively improves the membrane's hydrophobicity, structural compactness, and functional performance. This enhancement presents a novel and efficient strategy for developing high-performance membranes tailored to water desalination applications.

In Silico and In Vitro Analysis of Bioactive Compounds from Ficus benghalensis as a Novel Approach to Targeting Brain Abscess Pathogen.

The management of brain abscesses, particularly with Escherichia coli (E. coli) in immunocompromised patients, remains contentious. This study evaluates the bioactive potential of Ficus benghalensis extracts against brain abscess pathogens, including multidrug-resistant E.

Adverse Impacts of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles on Rattus norvegicus: Provocation of Oxidative Stress and Depletion of Antioxidant Enzymes in Multiple Visceral Organs.

Brown-colored copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) were synthesized using a green synthesis method and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). These nanoparticles have gained significant interest during the last decade in various fields owing to their unique physical and chemical properties. However, there have been concerns regarding their toxicological potential and possible adverse health effects on living organisms and the environment.

Exploring entropy measures with topological indices on colorectal cancer drugs using curvilinear regression analysis and machine learning approaches.

A topological index is a numerical value derived from the structure of a molecule or graph that provides useful information about the molecule's physical, chemical, or biological properties. These indices are especially important in chemo-informatics and QSAR/QSPR (Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship/Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship) studies, where they are used to predict a wide range of properties without the need for experimental measurements. In essence, a topological index is a way to quantify the molecular structure in a form that can be used in mathematical models to estimate the molecule's behavior, activity, or properties.

Fair curve designing by Said-Ball curve.

Fair curves are visually alluring curves and are free of unnecessary design features. A new curve designing method is introduced using the tangential continuous rational cubic Said-Ball curve. Fair curves are achieved by controlling its length and variation in curvature.