Computational identification of membrane proteins for vaccine design against drug-resistant Moraxella catarrhalis.

Moraxella catarrhalis is a Gram-negative diplococcus bacterium and a common respiratory pathogen, implicated in 15-20% of otitis media (OM) cases in children and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in adults. The rise of drug-resistant Moraxella catarrhalis has highlighted the urgent need for the potent vaccine strategies to reduce its clinical burden. Despite a mortality rate of 13%, there is no FDA-approved vaccine for this pathogen.

Natural Products, Synthesis, and Biological Activities of Quinolines (2020-2024).

Quinoline is a biologically important bicyclic scaffold found in many natural products and medicinally relevant molecules. Quinoline-containing compounds continue to feature prominently in recent literature on hit identification and hit-to-lead campaigns targeting various biological pathways, underscoring the need for a review of the latest progress. This review presents recently reported quinoline-containing natural products, various synthetic methods for producing quinoline derivatives, and an overview of their diverse biological activities.

Economics of Task-Shifting in Surgery: A Systematic Review.

Background And Aim: Due to the global shortage in the surgical workforce, especially in low-resource settings, one solution to increase surgical volume is to delegate certain roles of surgeons to other trained non-surgeon health workers. However, quantifying the costs and benefits of surgical task-shifting has several challenges associated with it. The purpose of this study was to conduct a critical appraisal of studies on the cost-effectiveness of task shifting in surgical care.

Dietary Phytochemicals in Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Management: A Comprehensive Review.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide and a major public health issue. According to recent World Health Organization (WHO) estimates, CVD causes approximately 17.9 million deaths annually, accounting for 32% of global mortality.

ICG-FA for Anastomotic Leak Prevention During Minimally Invasive Colorectal Surgery: A Meta-analysis.

Introduction: Anastomotic leakage is a serious complication after colorectal surgery. Indocyanine green fluorescence angiography (ICG-FA) allows real-time perfusion assessment and may reduce leak rates; however, recent larger randomized clinical trials reported conflicting results. This meta-analysis aimed to clarify the effectiveness of ICG-FA in reducing anastomotic leakage and related complications following minimally invasive colorectal surgery.

Neem (): A Miracle Herb; Panacea for All Ailments.

The neem tree (), native to the Indian subcontinent, has recently gained global recognition because of its extensive therapeutic qualities. It contains a high concentration of antioxidants and other valuable active substances including azadirachtin, salannin, nimbidin, nimbolinin, nimbidol, nimbin, and quercetin, which are extracted from various plant parts. It has been widely utilized in Ayurveda, Unani, and Homeopathic treatments and has gained significant attention in modern medicine.

Innovative Strategies for Postharvest Disease Management in Fruits and Vegetables: A Comprehensive Treatise.

Postharvest diseases, driven by necrotrophic fungi such as , , and , pose a significant threat to global fruit and vegetable supply chains, resulting in annual losses of 20%-40% and economic impacts exceeding $10 billion. This review critically evaluates innovative, sustainable strategies for biological control, nanotechnology, edible coatings, and plant growth regulators (PGRs) to mitigate these losses, emphasizing their mechanisms and efficacy. Biological agents like and reduce disease incidence by 60%-85% through volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nutrient competition.

Role of Serum Magnesium Deficiency in Insulin Resistance Among Overweight and Obese Children: A Meta-Analysis.

Magnesium is an essential micronutrient that plays a critical role in insulin signaling, glucose metabolism, and energy balance. With the growing global burden of childhood obesity and metabolic dysfunction, serum magnesium deficiency has emerged as a potential modifiable factor in the development of insulin resistance. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between serum magnesium levels and insulin resistance among overweight and obese children.

Overexpression of H-pyrophosphatase () gene improves salinity and drought tolerance in tobacco.

Physiologically, salinity causes osmotic stress due to high solute concentration in soil and disturbs the metabolic and photosynthetic activity of the cells by increasing the toxicity of Na in the cytoplasm. Plant adaptation to salt stress is characterized by cellular ion homeostasis and vacuolar sequestration of toxic ions from cytosol mediated by H-pyrophosphatase (). The gene was cloned under the control of the promoter for yeast transformation and the promoter for tobacco transformation.

Unveiling a novel S-Box strategy: The dynamic 3D scrambling approach.

A close study about the varied anatomies of the S-Box algorithms published in the literature indicates that no attempt has been made using the notion of 3D. To cement the more cryptographic security, this research article ventures to present a novel S-Box algorithm exploiting the notion of 3D. First of all, the algorithm initializes a 3D scrambled S-Box with the value of -1.

Charantin targets HMGCR-PCSK9 axis and activates PPAR-α signaling to ameliorate hyperlipidemia: Mechanistic insights from bioinformatics and in-vivo studies.

Plant-derived compounds have recently gained attention owing to their better safety profile and multi-targeted actions. Charantin, a plant-based natural compound known for its diverse pharmacological properties, was investigated for its anti-hyperlipdemic activity using both in-silico and in-vivo approaches. A detailed network pharmacology analysis was used to predict charantin-related targets, cross-referenced with hyperlipidemia-associated genes from GeneCards, DisGeNET, and CTD.

Prevalence of needlestick injuries among nurses and nursing students in Pakistan: a meta-analysis of observational studies.

Background: Needlestick injuries (NSIs) pose a serious occupational risk to healthcare workers. In Pakistan, nurses and nursing students are especially vulnerable, with potential exposure to infections such as HIV and hepatitis B/C. This meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of NSIs in these groups using data from observational studies conducted across the country.

Critical period of weed-crop competition in irrigated chickpea as a tool for judicious weed control.

Studies to appraise critical period of weed competition (CPWC) in Desi and Kabuli chickpea were undertaken during 2017-18 and 2018-19 winter growing seasons. Desi (Punjab-2008) and Kabuli (Noor-2009) chickpea crops were subjected to different durations of weed competition [competition for 20 days after sowing (DAS), 40, 60 and 80 DAS] as well as weed-free periods [weed-free till 20, 40, 60 and 80 DAS]. Season-long weed check and weed-free plots were also maintained for both chickpea genotypes.

Sub pico-second pulses in mono-mode optical fibers with Triki-Biswas model.

This study explores the Triki-Biswas (TB) model, a novel model describing soliton dynamics in monomodal optical fibers with non-Kerr dispersion, to obtain optical solitons. Optical bright and singular solitons were derived using the generalized Jacobi elliptic function (gJEF) method and the [Formula: see text]expansion method. Trigonometric, hyperbolic, exponential, polynomial, and rational functions are obtained.

Enhancing cadmium stress tolerance in mungbean through foliar application of selenium nanoparticles by modulating photosynthetic efficiency and antioxidative mechanisms.

Cadmium (Cd) contamination has become a major environmental issue and has toxic effects on agricultural crops. Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element that plays an important role due to its impact on several physiological and biochemical processes in plants. This study addresses the mechanistic insights into the role of SeNPs in enhancing Cd stress tolerance, thereby contributing to sustainable nano-agronomic strategies for the soils contaminated with heavy metals (HMs).

Solitary and soliton solutions of the nonlinear fractional Chen Lee Liu model with beta derivative.

The nonlinear Chen-Lee-Liu (NCLL) model is a crucial mathematical model for assessing optical fiber communication systems. It incorporates various factors, including noise, dispersion, and nonlinearity, which can influence signal quality and data transmission rates within optical fiber networks. The NCLL model can be employed to optimize the design of optical fiber systems.

Poliomyelitis dynamics with fractional order derivatives and deep neural networks.

This paper presents a comprehensive study of poliomyelitis transmission dynamics using two fractional-order models that incorporate the Atangana--Baleanu derivatives in the Caputo sense (ABC). The model includes critical epidemiological features, including vaccination and a post-paralytic population class. By utilizing the Mittag-Leffler kernel, the fractional framework captures memory and hereditary properties in disease progression.

The dual burden of tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus: an epidemiological correlation.

This study examined the association between diabetes mellitus and tuberculosis (TB) in a cohort of 200TB-positive patients, stratified by gender, age, treatment regimen, and comorbidities, including diabetes, acute gastroenteritis, and hypertension, compared to TB patients without additional complications. Clinical parameters-Random Blood Sugar (RBS), C-reactive protein (CRP), and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)-were assessed at baseline and after four months of anti-TB therapy. The results showed no significant changes in mean RBS or CRP levels post-treatment, but a notable reduction in mean ESR was observed.

Explicit solitary wave structure for the stochastic resonance nonlinear Schrödinger equation under Brownian motion with dynamical analysis.

This study, analyzed the explicit solitary wave soliton for the stochastic resonance nonlinear Schrödinger equation under the Brownian motion. The Schrödinger equations are mostly used to describe how light moves via planar wave guides and nonlinear optical fibres. Analytical technique is applied to gained the various solitary waves and soliton solutions for the resonance nonlinear Schrödinger equation namely, generalized exponential rational function method.

Comparative Efficacy and Safety Profile of the Combination of Pulmonary Surfactant and Budesonide vs. Surfactant Alone in the Management of Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome: An Updated Meta-Analysis.

Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS), resulting from a deficiency of pulmonary surfactant (PS), can cause alveoli to collapse. Glucocorticoids reduce inflammation and are effective in reducing pulmonary swelling. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of the combination of PS and budesonide in the management of NRDS.

Novel mutation and structural characterization in families with optic nerve hypoplasia.

Aim: To detect and segregate causative mutations in congenital families with optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH).

Methods: Two unrelated consanguineous Pakistani families with severe ONH, showing features of micropthalmia, nystagmus, corneal opacity, and keratopathy were included. Genetic analysis was carried out by Target Panel Sequencing, and the nucleotide variant was confirmed by Sanger sequencing.

Integrated , microarray, and network pharmacology analysis reveals the multi-target anti-diabetic potential of .

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM), particularly type 2 DM (T2DM), is a chronic metabolic disorder requiring novel therapeutic approaches as the available therapies are not meeting the current challenges. This study investigates the anti-diabetic potential of Vigna unguiculata using a network pharmacology approach, supported by and analyses.

Methods: The plant was collected from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, and subjected to hydroalcoholic extraction and fractionation.

Clinical manifestation and management in a resource-limited setting of Ballantyne syndrome (Mirror syndrome) associated with preeclampsia, a case report.

Introduction And Importance: Ballantyne syndrome, also known as triple edema or maternal mirror syndrome, is an extremely rare clinical condition characterized by maternal edema, placentomegaly, and fetal hydrops. Its rarity and overlapping symptoms often lead to misdiagnosis, particularly in resource-limited settings. Management is primarily etiological and focuses on addressing the underlying cause.