Overexpression of H-pyrophosphatase () gene improves salinity and drought tolerance in tobacco.

Physiologically, salinity causes osmotic stress due to high solute concentration in soil and disturbs the metabolic and photosynthetic activity of the cells by increasing the toxicity of Na in the cytoplasm. Plant adaptation to salt stress is characterized by cellular ion homeostasis and vacuolar sequestration of toxic ions from cytosol mediated by H-pyrophosphatase (). The gene was cloned under the control of the promoter for yeast transformation and the promoter for tobacco transformation.

Uncertain Clinical Relevance of Serial Bone Scintigraphy Findings in Treated Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy.

Background: Technetium-99m-labeled 3,3-diphosphono-1,2-propanodicarboxylic acid (Tc-DPD) scintigraphy is a critical part of the validated nonbiopsy diagnostic algorithm for transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM). With the advent of novel disease-modifying therapies for ATTR-CM, there is intense interest in establishing the utility of DPD scans as an indicator of treatment response.

Objectives: The authors conducted a retrospective multimodality imaging study to determine the utility of Tc-DPD to track treatment response in ATTR-CM.

Revitalizing cadmium-stressed sunflower: co-composted biochar improves growth, antioxidant responses, and soil remediation efficiency.

Background: Heavy metals especially cadmium (Cd), has become a matter of concern for environmentalists due to extensive industrialization and poor management of industrial waste. As a toxic pollutant, Cd has ability to deteriorate soil quality and hence disturbs the plant growth and yield. Co-composted biochar (COMBI) has been reported as an excellent organic amendment for improving soil quality, crop productivity and amelioration of heavy metals polluted soil.

Regional and demographic variations in diabetes mellitus and myocardial infarction mortality among US adults: A retrospective observational analysis from 1999 to 2023.

Background: Individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) are at an increased risk of having myocardial infarction (MI). We aim to identify the trends in the mortality rates from DM and MI among US adults stratified by demographic and geographical parameters.

Methods: The CDC-WONDER database was used to extract death certificate data for adults aged ≥25 years.

Iron Deficiency Anemia in Teenage Girls: The Impact of Menarche and Nutritional Care.

Background and aim Anemia is a condition characterized by a deficiency in red blood cells or hemoglobin (Hb), which significantly impacts adolescent girls, often due to dietary deficiencies and lack of counseling at menarche. This research aims to find the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) among teenage girls after menarche, and attending outpatient departments (OPDs) caused by reasons unrelated to pathological anemia. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study, conducted at a tertiary care hospital from April 2024 to November 2024, included 165 teenage girls aged 13-19 years with anemia (Hb ≤12), excluding known cases of hemolytic anemia or autoimmune disorders, recent blood loss, significant organ dysfunction, psychiatric illness, and ongoing anemia treatment.

Revised renal stratification and progression models for predicting long-term renal outcomes in immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis.

Renal prognosis in light-chain amyloidosis (AL) is determined by categorizing patients into three renal stages at diagnosis and assessing Renal Response or Renal Progression following chemotherapy after 6 months. We evaluated, in a test (N=1935) cohort of patients with renal AL amyloidosis who were followed for a median of 95 months, a modified 4-stage model where Renal Stage 2 was sub-categorized according to preserved (2A) or reduced (2B) estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR). A hybrid model for evaluation of Renal Progression was also introduced, using an eGFR cut-off of 30ml/min/1.

Barriers to Renal Transplant in Pakistan.

Background Kidney transplantation is the preferred treatment for end-stage renal disease (ESRD), offering better survival and quality of life compared to dialysis. However, in Pakistan, multiple socio-economic, legal, and healthcare-related barriers limit the accessibility of kidney transplants. The objective of the current study is to evaluate the barriers to kidney transplant among ESRD patients in Pakistan.

Quality of Life Among Attendants/Caregivers of Dialysis Patients.

Aim And Background: Caregivers of dialysis patients often face substantial physical, psychological, and social challenges impacting their quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate caregivers' quality of life across multiple domains using the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) assessment tool.

Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the Dialysis Center of Services Hospital Lahore from March to August 2024.

Thickness dependent oxidation in CrCl: a scanning X-ray photoemission and Kelvin probe microscopies study.

The modifications in the electronic properties induced by the thickness and size of an individual flake of transition-metal halides on different substrates (silicon oxide or In-doped tin oxide) are of particular technological interest, even more in the case of chromium trihalides (CrX, X = Cl, Br, and I), whose longer lifetime under ambient conditions is particularly intriguing. By using synchrotron-based scanning photoelectron microscopy with a resolution of 0.1 μm and Kelvin probe force microscopy, we evaluated the surface modification reaction and the surface potential.

Epidemiology and genetic characterization of Alternaria alternata causing leaf spot in Fragaria × ananassa.

Alternaria leaf spot (ALS), caused by Alternaria alternata, is a major disease threatening strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) production globally, including in Pakistan. This study investigated the incidence and prevalence of ALS in key strawberry-producing regions of Pakistan and characterized the pathogen using morphological and molecular techniques. Surveys were conducted during the 2014-2015 and 2015-2016 seasons across 182 farms in Punjab, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and Islamabad.

Synthesis and characterization of individual high-entropy alloy particles for electrocatalytic water oxidation.

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) have attracted considerable attention as promising catalysts. Despite a rapidly growing number of publications in this area, characterization of HEA electrocatalytic activity and stability remains challenging. In this paper, we report rapid and scalable microwave-shock assisted synthesis of FeCoNiCuMnCr HEA and its characterization at a single particle level.

Clinical Phenotype and Prognostic Significance of Frailty in Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis.

Background: The prevalence and clinical impact of frailty in transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR-CA) remains poorly characterized.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence, clinical determinants, and prognostic significance of frailty in a large cohort of patients with ATTR-CA.

Methods: Frailty was assessed in 880 patients with ATTR-CA (median age 80 years [Q1-Q3: 75-84 years], 719 [81.

Outcomes of Adolescent LBCL Patients Treated With Adult Type Chemotherapy: A Single Center Experience.

Background: Lymphoma is the most common cancer in adolescents. Outcome disparities based on the locus of care are increasingly recognized in this age group.

Materials And Methods: We report outcomes of LBCL patients between 14 and 21 who were treated at an adult center using adult type chemotherapy.

10 degree C static storage of porcine donation after circulatory death livers improves biliary viability and mitigates ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Optimized static cold storage has the potential to improve the preservation of organs most vulnerable to ischemia-reperfusion injury. Data from lung transplantation suggest that storage at 10 °C improves mitochondrial preservation and subsequent allograft function compared with conventional storage on ice. Using a porcine model of donation after circulatory death, we compared static storage of livers at 10 °C to ice.

Evaluating Drug-Eluting Balloons Versus Stenting for Provisional Bifurcation Lesions: Short-Term Outcomes and Future Directions.

Background This prospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the short-term clinical outcomes of drug-eluting balloons (DEBs) versus stenting in provisional bifurcation lesions, focusing on procedural success, safety, and major adverse cardiac events (MACE). The study specifically assessed key adverse outcomes, including restenosis, target lesion revascularization (TLR), myocardial infarction (MI), stent thrombosis, and mortality. Bifurcation lesions present significant challenges in interventional cardiology due to their complex anatomy, which contributes to a higher risk of restenosis, side-branch occlusion, and thrombotic events.

The evolving spectrum of kidney amyloidosis: advances in diagnosis, typing and treatment.

Kidney amyloidosis encompasses a spectrum of heterogeneous conditions in which damage is caused by the deposition of various misfolded proteins that aggregate into fibrils. The main form of renal amyloidosis in the Western countries is immunoglobulin light chain (AL) amyloidosis, which is usually secondary to a plasma cell clone or less frequently a B cell clone, while rarer causes include AA amyloidosis, ALECT2 and hereditary amyloidoses. The main renal manifestations include nephrotic syndrome and kidney dysfunction with modest or absent proteinuria.

Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Ticagrelor vs. Clopidogrel Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Chronic Coronary Disease.

Objective This study aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of ticagrelor and clopidogrel in reducing major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for chronic coronary disease. Additionally, secondary endpoints, including adverse events such as major bleeding, minor bleeding, and dyspnea, were assessed to evaluate the overall safety profile of both antiplatelet therapies. Methodology A prospective cohort study was conducted at Kuwait Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan, enrolling 300 patients (150 receiving ticagrelor and 150 receiving clopidogrel) from July 2023 to June 2024.

CART-ANOVA-Based Transfer Learning Approach for Seven Distinct Tumor Classification Schemes with Generalization Capability.

Deep transfer learning, leveraging convolutional neural networks (CNNs), has become a pivotal tool for brain tumor detection. However, key challenges include optimizing hyperparameter selection and enhancing the generalization capabilities of models. This study introduces a novel CART-ANOVA (Cartesian-ANOVA) hyperparameter tuning framework, which differs from traditional optimization methods by systematically integrating statistical significance testing (ANOVA) with the Cartesian product of hyperparameter values.

Extensive Myocardial Calcification Rapidly Progressing After Orthotopic Liver Transplantation.

Orthotopic liver transplantation has been rarely associated with myocardial calcification; no prior cases of asymptomatic calcification have been documented. We present the unique finding of asymptomatic myocardial calcification following orthotopic liver transplantation.

Kidney Outcomes in Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy.

Importance: Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) is a progressive cardiomyopathy that commonly presents with concomitant chronic kidney disease. Chronic kidney dysfunction is associated with worse outcomes, but the prognostic value of changes in kidney function over time has yet to be defined.

Objective: To assess the prognostic importance of a decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in a large cohort of patients with ATTR-CM.

Microvascular obstruction in cardiac amyloidosis.

Aims: Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is characterized by deposition of amyloid fibrils within the extracellular space, causing disarray of the myocardial structure and capillary architecture. This study aims to characterize the prevalence of microvascular obstruction (MVO) in patients with CA and to assess the association between MVO and prognosis.

Methods And Results: The study population comprised 800 patients, of which 400 had light-chain CA (AL-CA) and 400 had transthyretin CA (ATTR-CA).

Delineation of the impacts of varying 6-benzylaminopurine concentrations on physiological, biochemical and genetic traits of different olive cultivars under conditions.

. The plant growth regulator 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) is an important component of plant nutrient medium with tendency to accelerate physiological, biochemical and molecular processes in woody plants such as olive. To date, limited knowledge is available on the role of BAP in mediating physiological, biochemical and genetic activities in olives under conditions.