Critical period of weed-crop competition in irrigated chickpea as a tool for judicious weed control.

Studies to appraise critical period of weed competition (CPWC) in Desi and Kabuli chickpea were undertaken during 2017-18 and 2018-19 winter growing seasons. Desi (Punjab-2008) and Kabuli (Noor-2009) chickpea crops were subjected to different durations of weed competition [competition for 20 days after sowing (DAS), 40, 60 and 80 DAS] as well as weed-free periods [weed-free till 20, 40, 60 and 80 DAS]. Season-long weed check and weed-free plots were also maintained for both chickpea genotypes.

Enhancing maize productivity by mitigating alkaline soil challenges through acidified biochar and wastewater irrigation.

In alkaline soil conditions, the availability of essential nutrients for plant growth becomes limited, posing a significant challenge for achieving optimal maize growth and yield. Exploring the impact of biochar and waste irrigation on soil alkalinity and maize production in arid regions has received limited attention. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of three levels of acidified biochar (0, 5, and 10 Mg ha) in two growing seasons of maize-spring and autumn.

Silicon Induces Heat and Salinity Tolerance in Wheat by Increasing Antioxidant Activities, Photosynthetic Activity, Nutrient Homeostasis, and Osmo-Protectant Synthesis.

Modern agriculture is facing the challenges of salinity and heat stresses, which pose a serious threat to crop productivity and global food security. Thus, it is necessary to develop the appropriate measures to minimize the impacts of these serious stresses on field crops. Silicon (Si) is the second most abundant element on earth and has been recognized as an important substance to mitigate the adverse effects of abiotic stresses.

Mulberry based zinc nano-particles mitigate salinity induced toxic effects and improve the grain yield and zinc bio-fortification of wheat by improving antioxidant activities, photosynthetic performance, and accumulation of osmolytes and hormones.

Salinity stress (SS) is a challenging abiotic stress that limits crop growth and productivity. Sustainable and cost effective methods are needed to improve crop production and decrease the deleterious impacts of SS. Zinc (Zn) nano-particles (NPs) have emerged as an important approach to regulating plant tolerance against SS.

Effect of Inulin on Organic Acids and Microstructure of Synbiotic Cheddar-Type Cheese Made from Buffalo Milk.

The current study aimed to produce synbiotic cheese, adding inulin and subsp. as prebiotics and probiotics, respectively. The physicochemical analysis, minerals and organic acids content, sensory evaluation, and probiotic count of the cheese were performed during the ripening.

Synchronization of Boron application methods and rates is environmentally friendly approach to improve quality attributes of L. On sustainable basis.

Micronutrient deficiency in the soil is one of the major causes of mango fruit and yield's poor quality. Besides, the consumption of such a diet also causes a deficiency of micronutrients in humans. Boron deficiency adversely affects the flowering and pollen tube formation, thus decreasing mango yield and quality attributes.

Integrated phosphorus nutrient sources improve wheat yield and phosphorus use efficiency under sub humid conditions.

Majority of Pakistani soils are deficient in phosphorus. Phosphorus is usually applied in form of synthetic fertilizer. However integrated use of P from synthetic and organic sources can be more profitable and beneficial on sustainable basis.

Interference of horse purslane ( L.) and other weeds affect yield of autumn planted maize ( L.).

To assess comparative losses of (HP) relative to other weeds, the experiment was set during consecutive summer seasons 2018 and 2019 at the Research Farm MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan. Experiment consisted three replications which were laid out under randomized complete block design. Experiment consisted of ten treatments viz: weeds free (whole season), HP free till 20 Days after emergence (DAE), HP free till 40 DAE, HP free till 60 DAE, all weeds free 20 DAE, all weeds free 40 DAE, all weeds free 60 DAE, weedy check (all weeds), weedy check except HP and weedy check containing only HP.

Slow-release nitrogen fertilizers enhance growth, yield, NUE in wheat crop and reduce nitrogen losses under an arid environment.

Higher demands of food led to higher nitrogen application to promote cropping intensification and produce more which may have negative effects on the environment and lead to pollution. While sustainable wheat production is under threat due to low soil fertility and organic matter due to nutrient degradation at high temperatures in the region. The current research explores the effects of different types of coated urea fertilizers and their rates on wheat crop under arid climatic conditions of Pakistan.

Current Understandings on Magnesium Deficiency and Future Outlooks for Sustainable Agriculture.

The productivity of agricultural produce is fairly dependent on the availability of nutrients and efficient use. Magnesium (Mg) is an essential macronutrient of living cells and is the second most prevalent free divalent cation in plants. Mg plays a role in several physiological processes that support plant growth and development.

Impact of Seed Dressing and Soil Application of Potassium Humate on Cotton Plants Productivity and Fiber Quality.

Humus is the stable form of added crop and animal residues. The organic matter after a long-term decomposition process converts into humic substances. The naturally occurring humus is present in less amount in soils of the arid and semi-arid regions.

Integration of entomopathogenic fungi and eco-friendly insecticides for management of red palm weevil, (Olivier).

Red palm weevil () is a voracious pest of date palm worldwide. Pakistan ranks sixth in date palm production globally. Losses to date palm plantations in Pakistan sometimes surpass 10%-20%.

Role of salicylic acid in regulating ethylene and physiological characteristics for alleviating salinity stress on germination, growth and yield of sweet pepper.

Background: During a preliminary study, effects of 0, 20, 40, and 60 mM NaCl salinity were assessed on germination rate in relation to electrolyte leakage (EL) in sweet pepper. Results explored significant rises in ethylene evolution from seeds having more EL. It was, therefore, hypothesized that excessive ethylene biosynthesis in plants due to salinity stress might be a root cause of low crop productivity.

Effects of temperature on baseline susceptibility and stability of insecticide resistance against (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) in the absence of selection pressure.

L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) is an important pest causing significant losses to vegetables worldwide. Insecticides resistance in is a serious issue for scientists since last 30 years.

Pollination biology of (L.) Benth. (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) with reference to insect floral visitors.

Indian siris, (L.) Benth. (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) has significant importance to human beings for its multipurpose use.

Nutritional status of different biosolids and their impact on various growth parameters of wheat ( L.).

Biosolids can be effectively recycled and applied as soil amendments for agricultural crops because they contain several important micro and macronutrients including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, manganese. In the current study, we evaluated the effectiveness of seven biosoilds on different growth parameters of wheat crop. The biosolids used were lime stabilized, composted, liquid mesophilic anaerobically digested (liquid MAD), thermally dried mesophilic anaerobically digested (thermally dried MAD), thermally hydrolyzed mesophilic anaerobically digested (thermally hydrolysed MAD), dewatered mesophilic anaerobically digested (dewatered MAD) and thermally dried raw biosolids.