The haplotype-resolved telomere-to-telomere genome and OMICS analyses reveal genetic responses to tapping in rubber tree.

Rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) is the primary source of natural rubber and economically important. We present the haplotype-resolved, telomere-to-telomere, gap-free genome assembly of the cultivar CATAS 7-33-97, with both haplotypes containing complete telomeric and centromeric regions. Structural variations, including a 32.

Single-cell omics in plant biology: mechanistic insights and applications for crop improvement.

In recent years, single-cell omics technologies have significantly advanced plant and agricultural research, providing transformative insights into plant development, cellular heterogeneity, and environmental response mechanisms. Traditional bulk-level analyses often obscure differences between individual cells, whereas single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) now reveal unique expression profiles across distinct cell populations, facilitating the identification of novel cell types and elucidation of gene regulatory networks. Additionally, epigenomic approaches like single-nucleus ATAC sequencing (snATAC-seq) offer a deeper understanding of chromatin accessibility and its complex relationship with gene regulation.

A telosma mosaic virus-based vector for foreign gene expression and virus-induced gene silencing in passion fruit.

Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) is a perennial, woody, tropical vine. It produces edible round to oval fruit that is highly favored for its unique aroma and taste, as well as its richness in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals. However, functional genomics studies of passion fruit are scarce, as simple and efficient genetic tools are lacking for this species.

LncRNAs co-expressed with targeted genes to regulate sugarcane response to Sporisorium scitamineum infection.

A detailed regulatory network of LncRNAs and their co-expressed genes were constructed to identify key LncRNAs involved in sugarcane resistant to Sporisorium scitamineum infection. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are implicated in a wide array of biological processes, including the regulation of plant immunity. However, the specific roles of LncRNAs during sugarcane interaction with Sporisorium scitamineum remain poorly characterized.

Natural self-attenuation of pathogenic viruses by deleting the silencing suppressor coding sequence for long-term plant-virus coexistence.

Potyviridae is the largest family of plant-infecting RNA viruses. All members of the family (potyvirids) have single-stranded positive-sense RNA genomes, with polyprotein processing as the expression strategy. The 5'-proximal regions of all potyvirids, except bymoviruses, encode two types of leader proteases: the serine protease P1 and the cysteine protease HCPro.

MeWRKY30, a cassava stress-responsive WRKY transcription factor, confers drought resistance to transgenic Arabidopsis.

MeWRKY30 enhances drought tolerance by reducing ROS and MDA accumulation via the activation of stress-related transcription factors and ROS-scavenging genes. Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz), cultivated primarily in tropical regions, is susceptible to drought stress, which adversely affects its yield productivity. WRKY transcription factors play crucial roles in regulating drought responses; however, the specific molecular pathways in cassava remain to be characterized.

From Code to Life: The AI-Driven Revolution in Genome Editing.

Genome editing has revolutionized modern biotechnology, enabling precise modifications to DNA sequences with far-reaching applications in medicine, agriculture, and synthetic biology. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have significantly enhanced genome editing by improving target selection, minimizing off-target effects, and optimizing CRISPR-associated systems. AI-driven models, such as deep learning-based predictors and protein language models, enable more accurate sgRNA design, novel Cas protein discovery, and enhanced gene regulatory network analysis.

The interplay between ScSWEET11 promoters and Paracidovorax avenae effectors regulate resistance in sugarcane.

Red stripe, caused by the bacterial pathogen Paracidovorax avenae, poses a significant threat to the sugarcane industry. The Sugar Will Eventually be Exported Transporter (SWEET) gene family participates in plant-pathogen interactions. However, the specific mechanism underlying the interaction between SWEETs and the red stripe pathogen remains unclear.

Ethnobotanical study of traditional medicinal plants used by the Miao people in Hainan, China.

Background: The Miao people in Hainan possesses a profound historical heritage and unique ethnic culture. Through centuries of confronting survival challenges in tropical rainforest mountains, they have accumulated abundant knowledge of disease prevention and treatment. However, the traditional medicinal knowledge of the Hainan Miao people has been scarcely documented to date.

A Comprehensive Screening of the Interactors of Areca Palm Necrotic Ringspot Virus (ANRSV) HCPro2 Highlights the Proviral Roles of eIF4A and PGK in Viral Infection.

The areca palm ( L.), a medicinal tropical crop, hosts three novel viruses, areca palm necrotic ringspot virus (ANRSV), areca palm necrotic spindle-spot virus (ANSSV), and ANRSV2, which form a new genus in the family . Both viruses feature a unique tandem leader protease arrangement (HCPro1-HCPro2).

Comprehensive investigation of the C2H2-type zinc finger protein transcription factor family in Aquilaria sinensis reveals the involvement of AsZFP9 in sesquiterpene biosynthesis.

Agarwood, a valuable resin produced by Aquilaria trees in response to environmental stresses, is characterized by its rich sesquiterpene content. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying the sesquiterpene biosynthesis remain poorly understood. C2H2-type zinc finger proteins (C2H2-ZFPs) are key transcriptional regulators involved in plant growth, stress responses, and secondary metabolism.

ScWRKY2: a key regulator for smut resistance in sugarcane.

Sugarcane smut is a worldwide fungal disease caused by Sporisorium scitamineum, which seriously jeopardizes the healthy and sustainable development of the sugarcane industry. WRKY transcription factors are actively involved in plant responses to pathogen infection; however, the mechanisms by which WRKY mediates resistance to sugarcane smut remain elusive. Here, we obtained a nucleus-localized transcription factor ScWRKY2, which was down-regulated in smut-resistant but up-regulated in smut-susceptible sugarcane cultivars.

Discovery of ganodecalone A, from Ganoderma calidophilum for the treatment of acute gastric ulcers by binding to ALOX5 via the MAPK/NF-κB/iNOS signaling.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: "Li medicine" Ganoderma calidophilum is a rare and unique medicinal fungus native to Hainan, China, traditionally used to relieve stomach pain and treat gastric diseases. However, its medicinal applications lack scientific validation despite its prominent role in ethnomedicine.

Aim Of The Study: This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of G.

Improving gene editing of CRISPR/Cas9 using the callus-specific promoter in cassava ( Crantz).

Previous studies have demonstrated that an appropriate promoter can drive transcription in the CRISPR/Cas9 system, which improves the efficiency of gene editing. Here, we identified and characterized callus-specific promoters to enhance gene editing efficiency in cassava. From the transcriptome data of 11 cassava tissues, the gene named was identified to exhibit callus-specific expression.

Characterization of Bioactive Compounds in Leaf Extract Using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and Evaluation of Its Anti-Obesity Effects.

This study aimed to characterize the bioactive compounds in Roxb. leaf extract using UPLC-QTOF-MS and subsequently assess its anti-obesity effects in a murine model. The methanolic extract of leaves was analyzed, identifying 13 bioactive compounds, including flavones (rutin, kaempferol 3-neohesperidoside, and spinacetin 3-gentiobioside) and phenolic acids (caffeic acid 3-O-glucuronide and 1-O-feruloylglucose), known for their potential anti-obesity properties.

Pan-genome and haplotype map of cassava cultivars and wild ancestors provide insights into its adaptive evolution and domestication.

Cassava is a highly resilient tropical crop that produces large, starchy storage roots and high biomass. However, how did cassava's remarkable environmental adaptability and key economic traits evolve from its wild species remain unclear. In this study, we obtained near complete telomere-to-telomere genome assemblies and their haplotype forms for the cultivar AM560, the wild ancestors FLA4047 and W14, constructed a graphic pan-genome of 30 representatives with a size of 1.

Chemical composition of the endogenous fungus sp. L-3 derived from Chinese Qinan agarwood.

One undescribed compound named fusagarone A () and ten secondary metabolites (-) were isolated from the endophytic fungus sp. L-3 derived from Chinese agarwood 'Qi-Nan'. The structure of was elucidated by NMR spectroscopy as well as HRESIMS data.

RhNIRF1-mediated ubiquitination of RhNAC31 affects drought tolerance by regulating stress-related genes in Rosa hybrida.

Ubiquitin-mediated protein modification by E3 ligases is crucial for plant stress responses. Here, we demonstrate that the RING-type E3 ligase RhNIRF1 physically interacts with and ubiquitinates the NAC-domain transcription factor RhNAC31, establishing a regulatory module that governs drought tolerance in rose (Rosa hybrida). Silencing of RhNAC31 resulted in decreased dehydration tolerance, whereas its overexpression conferred enhanced photosynthetic capacity concomitant with reduced relative oxygen species accumulation.

Beyond nitrate transport: AtNRT2.4 responds to local and systemic nitrogen signaling in Arabidopsis.

Background: Plants have evolved the ability to detect nitrogen fluctuations to optimize their nitrogen acquisition. However, the mechanisms of nitrogen perception and signaling still need to be well characterized.

Results: Through split-root experiments, this study demonstrated that nitrate transporter 2.

sp. nov., a novel actinomycete with antimicrobial potential isolated from rhizosphere soil of in Guangxi.

A novel strain, designated as HNM1077, was isolated from rhizosphere soil of collected from the bank of the Beilun River in Dongxing City, Guangxi Province, China. The novel strain exhibited antimicrobial activity against a wide range of microbes, particularly Gram--negative bacteria and plant pathogenic fungi. Based on the alignment of 16S rRNA gene sequences, strain HNM1077 was closely related to NRRL B-2218 (99.

Thiolutin Is a Potential Fungicide for Controlling and Its Mechanistic Study.

is a destructive plant pathogen that causes significant agricultural losses, with current chemical control strategies leading to resistance and environmental concerns. This study identified thiolutin, a dithiopyrrolone antibiotic from ASG80, as a potent antifungal agent against multiple species. Thiolutin exhibited strong in vitro activity, with an EC value of 0.

2-(2-Phenylethyl)chromone-Sesquiterpene Hybrids from Agarwood of : Characterization and Biological Activity Evaluation.

Aquisinenins G-I (-), three new 2-(2-phenylethyl)chromone-sesquiterpene hybrids, were isolated from the ethanol extract of Hainan agarwood derived from . Spectroscopic techniques, such as D and D NMR and HRESIMS, were used to determine their structures. Experimental and computed ECD data were compared to confirm their absolute configurations.

DlMYB1 positively regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis and contributes to red exocarp coloration in red-skinned longan.

Red-skinned longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) varieties exhibit striking exocarp coloration and high potential market value. In this study, we characterized anthocyanin accumulation in the red-skinned longan RP1901 using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Bikaverin as a molecular weapon: enhancing Fusarium oxysporum pathogenicity in bananas via rhizosphere microbiome manipulation.

Background: Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4 (Foc TR4), poses a severe threat to global banana production.

A C-Terminally Encoded Peptide, MeCEP6, Promotes Nitrate Uptake in Cassava Roots.

Cassava, an essential food crop, is valued for its tolerance to infertile soils. This study explores the role of C-terminally encoded peptides (CEPs) in cassava, mainly focusing on and its function in nitrate uptake and plant growth. A comprehensive search on the UniProt website identified 12 genes in cassava, predominantly located on chromosomes 12 and 13.