[ Granule improves motor deficits in mouse models of Parkinson's disease by regulating the necroptosis pathway].

Objectives: To investigate the effects of formulated granules of (TGY) on motor deficits in a mouse model of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced subacute Parkinson's disease (PD) and explore the possible molecular mechanisms.

Methods: Ninety C57BL/6 mice were randomized equally into 6 groups, including a control group, a PD model group, a NEC-1 (6.5 mg/kg) treatment group, two TGY treatment groups at 5 and 2.

Chromosome-scale genome assembly of Sauvagesia rhodoleuca (Ochnaceae) provides insights into its genome evolution and demographic history.

Sauvagesia rhodoleuca is an endangered species endemic to southern China. Due to human activities, only six fragmented populations remain in Guangdong and Guangxi. Despite considerable conservation efforts, its demographic history and evolution remain poorly understood, particularly from a genomic perspective.

Juvenile hormone signaling regulates apoptosis mediated chlorantraniliprole sensitivity in Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda, FAW) has developed varying degrees of resistance to chlorantraniliprole (CAP). Apoptosis serves as a critical defense mechanism against pesticide stress in insects. Here, we identified a juvenile hormone (JH)-mediated apoptotic pathway through RNA-seq, revealing nine JH-induced apoptosis-related genes (four positively correlated and five negatively correlated).

Aluminum exposure disturbs epigenetic modification and organelle function during early embryo development.

Aluminum is a lightweight and corrosion-resistant metal element that is widely used in industries, construction, food, and pharmaceuticals, and it can adversely affect multiple organ systems including the nervous system, skeletal system, reproductive system, blood system, and immune system. In present study, we investigated the effects of aluminum exposure on mammalian embryo development. Our data demonstrate that aluminum exposure induces mouse early embryo development defects, including those at the zygotes and 2-cell stages, causing a decrease in general transcription activity.

Development of six novel dinuclear calcium(II) complexes based on 8-hydroxyquinoline as anticancer agents.

This study reports the synthesis and antitumor evaluation of six novel dinuclear calcium(II) complexes with the general formula [Ca(μ-O)(QM)(QH)], designated as CaQ1 through CaQ6. These complexes incorporate various deprotonated 8-hydroxyquinoline ligands (H-QM-H-QM) and 1,10-phenanthroline derivatives (QH), synthesized using Ca(NO)·4HO. The specific compositions are as follows: CaQ1: H-QM = 5,7-dibromo-8-hydroxyquinoline (x = 1), QH = bathophenanthroline; CaQ2: H-QM = 5,7-dichloro-8-quinolinol (x = 2), QH = bathophenanthroline; CaQ3: H-QM = 5,7-diiodo-8-hydroxyquinoline (x = 3), QH = 1,10-phenanthroline; CaQ4: H-QM = 5,7-dichloro-8-quinolinol (x = 2), QH = 1,10-phenanthroline; CaQ5: H-QM = clioquinol (x = 4), QH = 1,10-phenanthroline; CaQ6: H-QM = 5,7-dibromo-8-hydroxyquinoline (x = 1), QH = 1,10-phenanthroline.

A network approach to the relationship between adolescents' problem behaviors, psychological abuse and neglect, and school connectedness.

Background: Problem behaviors profoundly disrupt adolescents' overall quality of life, interpersonal relationships, and ability to engage effectively in learning. These behaviors are deeply influenced by psychological abuse, neglect, and school connectedness. Using a network approach to explore the relationships between these variables can provide new perspectives for reducing adolescent problem behaviors.

Formoterol, a clinically approved drug, inhibits ferroptosis by suppressing lipid peroxidation and attenuates APAP-induced acute liver injury.

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death characterized by lethal lipid peroxidation and implicated in various human diseases. Despite intensive research, clinically applicable ferroptosis inhibitors remain unavailable. In this study, we identify formoterol, a β-adrenergic agonist widely used to treat asthma and COPD, as a potent and selective ferroptosis inhibitor through scaffold-based screening of FDA-approved drugs.

Deep learning-assisted system improves practical effect in cervical cytopathology diagnosis: A comparative study of reading modes.

Deep learning (DL) has significantly improved the diagnostic accuracy and efficiency of cytopathologists. However, current DL-assisted reading modes have yet to be fully evaluated, and there is limited evidence regarding cytopathologists' preferences and experiences. This study employs a randomized, controlled, four-way crossover design to assess the effectiveness of four different reading modes in cervical cytopathology readings.

Discarded sericultural mulberry branch based triple layer composite phase change material with lignin enhanced thermal management capability.

With the exhaustion of fossil fuels, prior phase change materials are characterized by such drawbacks as poor thermal conductivity, weak shape stability, and high costs. Therefore, the preparation of phase change materials with brilliant thermal-insulating properties, high thermal conductivity, and leakage-free properties has emerged as a crucial research focus. Herein, a sericultural mulberry branch-derived (SMB) composite phase change material was prepared by deep eutectic solvent pretreated SMB and vacuum-assisted impregnated paraffin wax with cupric oxide (CuO).

Sublethal concentrations of thiamethoxam increase fecundity on Bactrocera dorsalis.

Sublethal concentrations of insecticides are commonly encountered in agricultural environments, particularly by pests such as the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), which primarily infests host plants during the larval stage. Sublethal concentrations of insecticides can elicit a wide range of effects; therefore, it is important to consider the impact of thiamethoxam, a registered control insecticide for B. dorsalis.

An oomycete effector targets host calmodulin to suppress plant immunity.

Tropical and subtropical fruit trees face serious threats of oomycete-caused plant diseases. However, the molecular mechanism by which oomycete pathogens suppress the immunity of these fruit trees remains largely unclear. Effectors play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of plant pathogenic oomycetes.

A Benzothiazole Derived Fluorescent Sensor for Real-time Detection of Aluminums Ion and Application in Real Samples and Living Cells.

Excessive aluminum ions (Al) contaminate environmental water bodies, and once they remain in the human body, they will pose a threat to human health. In this paper, a benzothiazole-based fluorescent sensor named BHMH for detecting Al was successfully synthesized and comprehensively characterized. It exhibited remarkable selectivity and sensitivity, manifested by a substantial fluorescence augmentation and a discernible color alteration in the presence of Al.

Preparation and Recognition Performance of Fleroxacin Ratio Fluorescent Paper-based Sensor Based On Molecularly Imprinted Polymer.

The pervasive concern regarding veterinary drug residues in food necessitates advanced detection solutions, particularly addressing limitations of conventional methods reliant on large-scale instrumentation that incur prolonged analysis duration, complex sample preparation, and lack of real-time on-site capability. A portable "single response-on" molecularly imprinted ratiometric fluorescent paper-based sensor was developed for quantifying fleroxacin (FLX) residues in animal-derived foods, wherein B, N-co-doped MXene quantum dot (B, N-MQD) was synthesized and combined with BCP-Eu as dual-emission fluorophores, while FLX- molecularly imprinted polymer (FLX-MIP) was engineered using functionalized Nano-SiO as the carrier. Concentration-dependent fluorescence enhancement at 574 nm was exhibited with invariant reference signal at 411 nm, achieving a 36-fold lower detection limit (0.

Recyclable Cu-Catalyzed -Methylation and C5-Methylthiomethylation of Isatins with DMSO.

An unprecedented recyclable system of copper-catalyzed C-C/N coupling of isatins and DMSO without any oxidant and acidic/basic additive has been unlocked. The -isatins occur tandem -methylation and C5-methylthiomethylation in order, while -substituted isatins proceed C5-methylthiomethylation only. DMSO serves as Me and MeSCH sources as well as the solvent.

The Role of P62/Nrf2/Keap1 Signaling Pathway in Lead-Induced Neurological Dysfunction.

Background: Lead (Pb) exposure is recognized for its contribution to the development of neurodegenerative diseases. However, the precise mechanisms underlying Pb-induced neurological dysfunction remain elusive. This study aimed to investigate the role of oxidative stress and the autophagy-related P62/kelch like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)/Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway in neuronal impairment caused by Pb.

Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Key Regulatory Genes and Pathways Involved in Macrophage Inflammation Induced by Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae Infection.

Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKP) possesses multiple virulence factors and causes severe infections with elevated mortality rates. It induces a strong inflammatory response in the host, with macrophages playing a key role in defense and inflammation. However, the signaling pathways of macrophages involved in response to hvKP infection remain unclear.

Observation of Giardia duodenalis infection in Mongolian gerbils: Cysts isolated from bovine feces.

Assemblage E of Giardia duodenalis, primarily infecting ruminants, has been relatively understudied both in vivo and in vitro. Due to unsuccessful attempts at in vitro cultivation, this study focused on establishing an economical, stable, and clinically relevant experimental animal model for Assemblage E infections. Cysts were purified from bovine feces via 33 % zinc sulfate flotation, with Assemblage E identity confirmed by gdh gene sequencing.

Consensus statement on the multidisciplinary treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma with immune checkpoint inhibitors in China.

Introduction: This study aims to establish a multidisciplinary consensus on the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in China, with a particular focus on the guidelines for the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) to ensure scientific and rational treatment protocols.

Methods: The consensus was formulated based on the 'guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of NPC (2024 edition)' issued by the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology. The Delphi method was used to collect and consolidate expert opinions.

One-pot preparation of Au-Pt bimetallic single-atom nanozymes with efficient peroxidase-like activity using chitosan and l-tyrosine as carriers for visual and colorimetric detection of quercetin.

An one-pot method was used to prepare bimetallic nanozymes, with chitosan (CS) and l-tyrosine (L-Tyr) as stabilized dispersed colloidal solutions and a carrier for gold-platinum single atoms (Au-Pt SAs), which exhibited excellent peroxidase activity. A colorimetric method based on CS/L-Tyr/Au-Pt SAs nanozymes was constructed for the colorimetric detection of quercetin (QR) in human serum and orange juice. The synthesized bimetallic nanozymes were characterized by SEM, TEM, HAADF-STEM, FT-IR, XRD and XPS techniques to demonstrate the successful synthesis of CS/L-Tyr/Au-Pt SAs nanozymes.

BHLHE40 Cooperates with GATA2/3 to Control Human Syncytiotrophoblast Lineage Differentiation.

Syncytiotrophoblasts (STBs) constitute one of the core components of the placenta, responsible for synthesizing pregnancy-sustaining hormones such as human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). Deficient syncytialization of cytotrophoblasts affects the hormonal secretion and placental development, contributing to pregnancy-associated disorders, including spontaneous miscarriage. To date, the molecular mechanisms, particularly the role of transcription factors (TFs), in STB lineage specification remain incompletely understood.

Application of nanobody‑based CAR‑T in tumor immunotherapy (Review).

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is a type of cellular immunotherapy showing promising clinical effectiveness and high precision. CAR‑T cells express membrane receptors with high specificity, which enable them to identify certain target antigens generated by cancerous cells. The three primary structural elements of the CAR are the extracellular domain, transmembrane domain and cytoplasmic domain.

Role of monocytes in the pathogenesis of antiphospholipid syndrome and potential therapeutic targets (Review).

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized primarily by arterial and/or venous thrombosis, obstetric complications and persistent positivity for antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs). It has been proposed that the pathogenesis of APS is closely associated with vascular endothelial cell activation, complement activation and platelet activation. Notably, APS may be key to understanding the relationship between innate immune cells, and thrombosis and obstetric complications.

Indobufen Versus Aspirin Plus Clopidogrel in Patients After Coronary Stenting in Patients With Diabetes: A Post Hoc Analysis of the OPTION Trial.

Background: Despite increased risk of ischemic events in diabetes, the optimal anti-thrombotic strategy for secondary prevention has not been defined. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of optimal antiplatelet agents such as indobufen-based dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in patients with diabetes after coronary stenting.

Methods: OPTION trial was a randomized, open-label, noninferiority, and multicentric study in China.

A bidirectional interfacial engineering strategy for highly stable sodium metal batteries.

Sodium (Na) metal batteries (SMBs) are regarded as some of the most promising next-generation energy storage systems due to their high energy density. However, their practical application is severely hindered by interfacial instabilities at both the anode and cathode, which result in rapid capacity degradation during cycling. Here, we proposed a bidirectional interfacial regulation strategy that simultaneously stabilizes both electrode interfaces.

Who determines nasopharyngeal carcinoma inpatients' medical expenditure? Importance factor ranking using the random forest model.

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant epithelial tumor most commonly in China. In 2013, NPC incidence and mortality in China were also at high levels worldwide, which poses a great health burden in China. This study analyzes the medical expenditure and influencing factors of inpatients with NPC and aims to provide reference suggestions for reducing medical expenditure for NPC.