Role of monocytes in the pathogenesis of antiphospholipid syndrome and potential therapeutic targets (Review).

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized primarily by arterial and/or venous thrombosis, obstetric complications and persistent positivity for antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs). It has been proposed that the pathogenesis of APS is closely associated with vascular endothelial cell activation, complement activation and platelet activation. Notably, APS may be key to understanding the relationship between innate immune cells, and thrombosis and obstetric complications.

Analysis of related deaths in patients with systemic sclerosis combined with renal failure in the United States from 1999 to 2020.

To describe the number of deaths related to systemic sclerosis (SSc) having renal failure, the changing trend in ASMR, and causes of death using a multi-cause method. Annual death toll and ASMR data from 1999 to 2020 were obtained from the death database of the US CDC. All death certificates in the M34 (SSc) and N17-19 (renal failure) categories of the ICD-10 were selected as potential or related causes of death.

Mortality associated with systemic lupus erythematosus combined with heart failure in the United States (1999-2020): A multiple-cause-of-death study.

This study analyzes the number of deaths related to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) combined with heart failure (HF) in the United States from 1999 to 2020, as well as the changing trend and causes of death of age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR). The annual number of deaths and ASMR with M32 (SLE) and I50 (HF) as the causes of death from 1999 to 2020 were extracted from the mortality database of the US CDC. Referring to the ICD-10 classification standard, the epidemiology and related data were described, and the number of deaths and the trend of ASMR were analyzed.

Hydroxychloroquine: A double‑edged sword (Review).

Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is an antimalarial drug that has historically been used to treat and prevent malaria. However, its mechanism of action has not yet been fully elucidated. HCQ affects various cellular and molecular pathways through different mechanisms.

Vitamin D affects antiphospholipid syndrome by regulating T cells (Review).

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by arterial and/or venous thrombosis, pathological pregnancies and persistent antiphospholipid antibodies. The occurrence and development of APS are complex and associated with immune disorders, with its prognosis remaining uncertain. Owing to its pathogenesis, anticoagulation therapy is the primary treatment for patients with APS.

Mortality associated with osteoporosis and pathological fractures in the United States (1999-2020): a multiple-cause-of-death study.

Background: Osteoporosis with pathological fractures is a significant public health issue, contributing to morbidity, disability, diminished quality of life, and increased mortality. Understanding mortality trends related to this condition is crucial for developing effective interventions to reduce mortality and improve healthcare outcomes. This study aimed to analyze trends and causes of death associated with osteoporosis and pathological fractures in the United States using a multi-cause approach.

Potential of resveratrol in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (Review).

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multi‑system chronic autoimmune disease with a complex occurrence and development process, associated with immune disorders, uncertain prognosis, and treatment modalities which vary by patient and disease activity. At present, the clinical treatment of SLE mainly focuses on hormones and immunosuppressants. In recent years, the research on new treatment strategies for SLE has been booming, and strong preclinical results and clinical research have promoted the development of numerous drugs (such as rituximab and orencia), but numerous of these drugs have failed to achieve effectiveness in clinical trials, and there are some adverse reactions.

Mortality associated with Sjögren's syndrome in the United States in the 1999-2020 period: A multiple cause-of-death study.

The study aimed to analyze the mortality and leading causes of death associated with Sjögren's syndrome (SS) in the United States (US) between 1999 and 2020 using a multicause approach. We analyzed mortality based on SS as the cause-of-death. Using mortality rates, number of deaths, and historical trends, we examined sex, age of death, comparisons of SS- and polymyalgia rheumatica-related deaths (multiple cause-of-death) in the last 20 years, changes in the ranking of causes of death when SS was the underlying cause-of-death (UCD) in the first and last 5 years of the last 20 years, and the number of deaths and standardized mortality (per 100,000 people) when SS combined with interstitial lung disease (ILD) or tumor was the multiple cause-of-death.

Impact of Sjögren's syndrome on maternal and fetal outcomes following pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published between years 2007-2022.

Objective: To show the impact of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) on maternal and fetal outcomes following pregnancy.

Methods: We performed a literature search based on PubMed, Web of science, Wan fang, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and ProQuest databases from 1 January 2007 to 6 November 2022. Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations approach was used to assess the certainty of the evidence.

Sexual health in women with Sjogren's syndrome: A review.

Background: Rheumatic diseases, mainly affecting women, including rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, etc., are chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disorders that may involve multiple organs or systems and are closely related to sexual health, which is an important aspect of human physical and mental health. Sjogren's syndrome (SS) is the second most common rheumatic illnesses after rheumatoid arthritis with a female predominance.

Potential of resveratrol in the treatment of interstitial lung disease.

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by lung injury caused by lung fibroblast proliferation, interstitial inflammation, and fibrosis. Different cell signal transduction pathways are activated in response to various proinflammatory or fibrotic cytokines, such as IL-6, and these cytokines are increased in different ILDs. The overexpressed cytokines and growth factors in ILD can activate TGF-β/Smad2/3/4, NF-κB, and JAK/STAT signal transduction pathways, promote the activation of immune cells, increase the release of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic factors, differentiate fibroblasts into myofibroblasts, and promote the occurrence and development of ILD.

Potential Use of Janus Kinase Inhibitors in the Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, autoimmune disease with unclear pathogenesis. One characteristic of SLE is pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine imbalance. Janus kinase (JAK) is an intracellular non-receptor tyrosine kinase essential for many cytokine signaling pathways.

Therapeutic Potential of Janus Kinase Inhibitors for the Management of Interstitial Lung Disease.

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) refers to a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by lung fibroblast proliferation, interstitial inflammation, and fibrosis-induced lung damage. The Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway is known to be activated by pro-fibrotic/pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-13, whose levels are elevated in ILD. The overexpression of growth factors such as transforming growth factor β1 in ILD activates the JAK/STAT pathway through classical or non-classical pathways, promotes macrophage activation, increases the release of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrosis factors, and facilitates fibroblast differentiation into myofibroblasts.

The Mechanism of Stem Cell Aging.

Stem cells have self-renewal ability and multi-directional differentiation potential. They have tissue repair capabilities and are essential for maintaining the tissue homeostasis. The depletion of stem cells is closely related to the occurrence of body aging and aging-related diseases.

Synovial membrane mesenchymal stem cells: past life, current situation, and application in bone and joint diseases.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be isolated from not only bone marrow, but also various adult mesenchymal tissues such as periosteum, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue. MSCs from different tissue sources have different molecular phenotypes and differentiation potential. Synovial membrane (SM) is an important and highly specific component of synovial joints.