Ketamine and Esketamine for Late-Life Depression: A Systematic Review of Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability.

Ketamine has emerged as a promising treatment for major depression, though its efficacy and safety remain incompletely characterized in older adults. This systematic review synthesizes current evidence for ketamine in geriatric depression. A search of PubMed, EMBASE, and PsycINFO was conducted.

Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia and unifocal verrucous leukoplakia in China: a comparative retrospective cohort study.

Objective: There are limited data regarding the association and differentiation between proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) and unifocal verrucous leukoplakia (UVL).

Methods: We retrospectively recruited oral leukoplakia (OL) patients from 2010 to 2024, analyzing the demographic, clinical, histopathological features, and malignant transformation of PVL and UVL.

Results: Among 1756 OL subjects, PVL and UVL accounted for 1.

Combined Fascia Iliaca Compartment-Sciatic Nerve Blocks Reduce Early Cardiovascular Events in Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia: A Propensity Score-Matched Retrospective Study.

Objective: To compare postoperative outcomes between combined fascia iliaca compartment-sciatic nerve blockade (FICB-SNB) and monitored anesthesia care (MAC) in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) undergoing lower-extremity revascularization (LER).

Design: Retrospective matched cohort study (1:1 propensity score matching).

Setting: Single-center analysis of CLTI patients undergoing LER.

MAFLD: a ferroptotic disease.

Ferroptosis, a regulated cell death pathway driven by iron-catalyzed lipid peroxidation, has recently been implicated as a major cause of hepatic injury in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). This review highlights how the identification of hyperoxidized peroxiredoxin 3 (PRDX3) as a ferroptosis-specific marker has led to the discovery that ferroptosis contributes to liver injury in MAFLD, and summarizes other emerging evidence connecting ferroptosis to MAFLD pathogenesis. These new findings suggest that dietary fat composition and genetic variants such as PNPLA3(I148M) may affect the progression of MAFLD by regulating cellular sensitivity to ferroptosis.

Kaempferol Inhibits Ferroptosis in Lung Epithelial Cells in LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury via m5C Methylation of TFRC.

Ferroptosis is involved in the progression of sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Kaempferol is a flavonoid compound that can protect against ALI. 5-Methylcytosine (m5C) is involved in the pathogenesis of sepsis.

Mental health status and its associations with psychosocial working conditions among platform delivery workers in China: comparative analyses of migrant status.

The rapid expansion of delivery labor platforms in China has driven many people to move from rural to urban areas. Previous studies indicated that platform-based delivery work can be demanding, subject to algorithmic control, and lacking employment protections. While migrant workers are more likely to be exposed to adverse psychosocial working conditions and more vulnerable due to limited social services, few studies have examined the role of migrant status in mental health and its associations with psychosocial working conditions among platform delivery workers.

Aging performance and bacteria adhesion of 3D-printed, CAD/CAM-milled, and conventional definitive denture resins.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the performance of 3D-printed denture base resins (DBRs) compared with conventionally printed DBRs, examine their biofilm formation and physical properties, and determine the viability of 3D-printed DBRs as a superior alternative in removable prosthodontics.

Methods: The DBR samples were fabricated using traditional packing (TRA), milling (MIL), and 3D printing (3DP) methods. All samples were serially polished with an abrasive paper.

Revisiting the Relationship between Homocysteine, Vitamin B12, Folate, and Aortic Diseases.

Although several observational studies have suggested an association between plasma homocysteine (Hcy), vitamin B12, and folate levels and aortic diseases, including aortic dissection (AD), thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA), and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), the causality remains unclear. The aortic diameter was also included in the analysis. Therefore, this study employed Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the effects of plasma Hcy, vitamin B12, and folate levels on aortic diseases.

Efficacy of Papaverine to Prevent Radial Artery Spasm During Transradial Cerebral Angiography (PASS): rationale and design.

Rationale: Radial artery spasm (RAS) is a common complication during transradial cerebral angiography (TRA), but currently, the optimal prevention strategy is not well established. Papaverine has anti-vasospasm, sedative and analgesic effects. However, the efficacy of papaverine in preventing RAS during TRA remains unknown.

A Case of Acquired LCAT Deficiency with the Discrepancy between Spontaneous Resolution of Proteinuria and Continually Low HDL Cholesterol Levels.

A 79-year-old Chinese man was referred for nephrotic syndrome (proteinuria 4.4 g/day). In blood tests, serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was undetectable, and the esterified cholesterol to total cholesterol ratio was very low.

Characterization of Pharmacokinetics and Oral Bioavailability of Saikosaponin A in Rats Using a Validated UFLC-MS/MS Method.

Saikosaponin A (SSa) is an oleanane type triterpenoid saponin isolated from Radix Bupleuri (Bupleurum chinense DC). While SSa has demonstrated significant pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antidepressant effects, its pharmacokinetic profile remains poorly characterized. This study developed and validated a sensitive LC-MS/MS method for quantifying SSa in rat plasma.

Wearable device-measured circadian rest-activity rhythm with mortality risk in patients with cancer.

Objectives: The objectives were to examine the associations between accelerometer-measured circadian rest-activity rhythm (CRAR), the most prominent circadian rhythm in humans and the risk of mortality from all-cause, cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with cancer.

Methods: 7456 cancer participants from the UK Biobank were included. All participants wore accelerometers from 2013 to 2015 and were followed up until 24 January 2024, with a median follow-up of 9.

Enhancing immunotherapy efficacy in NSCLC through the combined use of phenelzine and to regulate gut microbial metabolite 5-HIAA.

Background: Improving the efficacy of anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy remains a major challenge for cancer immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Gut microbial metabolites can influence immunotherapy efficacy.

Methods: ELISA was used to compare the serum 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) level in patients with NSCLC.

Artificial intelligence in medical imaging empowers precision neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (nICT) has demonstrated significant potential in improving pathological response rates and survival outcomes for patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, substantial interindividual variability in therapeutic outcomes highlights the urgent need for more precise predictive tools to guide clinical decision-making. Traditional biomarkers remain limited in both predictive performance and clinical feasibility.

Educational value of remote live-streamed training in endovascular thrombectomy: dose-response and mediation analysis.

Background: Remote live-streamed training in endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is a novel educational strategy. This study evaluated the dose-response relationship between training duration and clinical outcomes, and explored mediation pathways.

Methods: In a prospective cohort study, 1046 participants received remote EVT training, with 1010 completing follow-up.

Comparative outcomes of self-expanding stenting in symptomatic MCA-M2 versus MCA-M1 segment stenosis.

Background: The outcomes of self-expanding stenting for symptomatic middle cerebral artery (MCA) M2 segment stenosis remain unclear. We aimed to analyze whether the safety and efficacy of M2 and M1 segment stenting procedures differ.

Methods: This multicenter retrospective cohort study analyzed data from three stroke centers involving patients who underwent self-expanding stent placement for symptomatic M1 or M2 stenosis between January 2017 and August 2024.

PHGDH Orchestrates Cell Cycle Progression to Drive Cardiomyocyte Proliferation and Myocardial Regeneration via TGF-β/Smad Signalling Pathway.

The mature mammalian heart has limited ability for self-repair and regeneration. Here, we establish phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) as a crucial key for cardiomyocyte proliferation, with diminishing expression during postnatal cardiac development. PHGDH overexpression promoted myocardial regeneration and cardiac function in apical resection-operated mice, whereas inhibition by NCT-503 inhibited these processes.

Multiple injections of indocyanine green for improving the outcomes of lymphatic-venous anastomosis reconstruction of lymphatic return under microscopy: A case report.

This study explores effective treatment methods for chronic secondary lymphedema after radical cervical cancer surgery combined with pelvic lymphadenectomy. In cases where conservative treatment was ineffective, we investigated whether multiple injections of indocyanine green can effectively improve the outcomes of lymphatic-venous anastomosis under microscopy. Preoperative lymphatic imaging was used to localize functional vessels, guiding distal left lower limb lymphatic reconstruction.

Rethinking epistemic injustice in psychiatric digital phenotyping from the perspective of ignorance.

Digital phenotyping is a novel approach to assessing individual health conditions by collecting and analysing data generated through interactions with digital devices. Although digital phenotyping is regarded as a promising tool for transforming psychiatric clinical practice, its potential to exacerbate epistemic injustice remains a central ethical concern. However, epistemic injustice in psychiatric digital phenotyping should be understood as rooted in specific forms of ignorance, which are not necessarily negative obstacles.

Precise measurement of motor neuron dysfunction in Drosophila ALS model via climbing assay and leg imaging.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a severe neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive degeneration of motor neurons, leading to muscle weakness, paralysis, and death. While there is a plethora of studies focusing on many aspects of ALS, the pathogenesis of this disease is not well understood, and effective treatments are scarce. Drosophila melanogaster is a powerful model organism for studying ALS due to its genetic tractability and its evolutionarily conserved cellular and molecular processes which are also shared between the fly and human.