Bacterial infections and antimicrobial resistance patterns: a comprehensive analysis of health dynamics across regions in Pakistan (2013-2023).

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant public health concern globally, and Pakistan is no exception. The misuse and overuse of antibiotics, inadequate regulation of their sale, and a lack of awareness contribute to the rising levels of AMR in the country. study presents a detailed analysis of blood and urine samples collected in Pakistan over various periods, focusing on pathogen prevalence, gender distribution, and age-wise patterns.

Neural Quantum Embedding via Deterministic Quantum Computation with One Qubit.

Quantum computing is expected to provide an exponential speedup in machine learning. However, optimizing the data loading process, commonly referred to as "quantum data embedding," to maximize classification performance remains a critical challenge. In this Letter, we propose a neural quantum embedding (NQE) technique based on deterministic quantum computation with one qubit (DQC1).

Microscopic Mechanism of Coexisting Electron Spin Resonance and Kondo Resonance in a Single Iron Phthalocyanine Molecule.

The multiplicity of orbitals in quantum systems significantly influences the competition between Kondo screening and local spin magnetization. The identification of orbital-specific processes is essential for advancing spintronic devices, as well as for enhancing the understanding of many-body quantum phenomena, but it remains a great challenge. Here, we use a combination of scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy to investigate single iron phthalocyanine (FePc) molecules on MgO/Ag(100).

Skin-adaptive focused flexible micromachined ultrasound transducers for wearable cardiovascular health monitoring.

Continuous monitoring of cardiovascular vital signs can reduce the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular diseases, yet cannot be implemented by current technologies because of device bulkiness and rigidity. Here, we report self-adhesive and skin-conformal ultrasonic transducer arrays that enable wearable monitoring of multiple hemodynamic parameters without interfering with daily activities. A skin-adaptive focused ultrasound method with rational array design is proposed to implement measurement under wide ranges of skin curvatures and depths with improved sensing performances.

Somatic mtDNA mutations at intermediate levels of heteroplasmy are a source of functional heterogeneity among primary leukemic cells.

Somatic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations are frequently observed in tumors, yet their role in pediatric cancers remains poorly understood. The heteroplasmic nature of mtDNA-where mutant and wild-type mtDNA coexist-complicates efforts to define its contribution to disease progression. In this study, bulk whole-genome sequencing of 637 matched tumor-normal samples from the Pediatric Cancer Genome Project revealed an enrichment of functionally impactful mtDNA variants in specific pediatric leukemia subtypes.

Observation of Three Resonant Structures in the Cross Section of e^{+}e^{-}→π^{+}π^{-}h_{c}.

Using e^{+}e^{-} collision data collected with the BESIII detector operating at the Beijing electron positron collider, the cross section of e^{+}e^{-}→π^{+}π^{-}h_{c} is measured at 59 points with center-of-mass energy sqrt[s] ranging from 4.009 to 4.950 GeV with a total integrated luminosity of 22.

Dimensionality-Driven Anomalous Metallic State with Zero-Field Nonreciprocal Transport in Layered Ising Superconductors.

The anomalous metal state (AMS), observed in "failed" superconductors, provides insights into superconductivity and quantum criticality, with studies revealing unconventional quantum phases like the Bose metal. Recently, layered transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) superconductors approaching the two-dimensional limit have garnered significant attention for the enhanced phase fluctuations and electronic correlations. Investigating AMSs in these systems, particularly in the absence of an external magnetic field, could offer valuable insights into the dimensionality-driven emergence of exotic quantum phenomena, including triplet Cooper pairing, phase fluctuation dynamics, and especially the recently discovered field-free superconducting diode effects.

Quantum-Size Effect Induced Andreev Bound States in Ultrathin Metallic Islands Proximitized by a Superconductor.

While Andreev bound states (ABSs) have been realized in engineered superconducting junctions, their direct observation in normal metal-superconductor heterostructures-enabled by quantum confinement-remains experimentally elusive. Here, we report the detection of ABSs in ultrathin metallic islands (Bi, Ag, and SnTe) grown on the s-wave superconductor NbN. Using high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, we clearly reveal in-gap ABSs with energies symmetric about the Fermi level.

Integrating population-level and cell-based signatures for drug repositioning.

Motivation: Drug repositioning presents a streamlined and cost-efficient way to expand the range of therapeutic possibilities. Drugs with human genetic evidence are more likely to advance successfully through clinical trials towards FDA approval. Single gene-based drug repositioning methods have been implemented, but approaches leveraging a broad spectrum of molecular signatures remain underexplored.

Characterization of strontium-rich groundwater in a typical alpine basin on Tibetan Plateau: Implications for sustainable exploitation and development.

This study focuses on mineral groundwater in alpine regions and its sustainable exploitation. The Tongde basin on Tibetan Plateau was investigated to reveal the hydrochemistry and formation of mineral groundwater in alpine basins and its sustainable development under anthropogenic disturbances. The results show that groundwater there is characterized by enriched strontium, with concentrations in the range of 0.

YOLOv11-WBD: A wavelet-bidirectional network with dilated perception for robust metal surface defect detection.

In the field of quality control, metal surface defect detection is an important yet challenging task. Although YOLO models perform well in most object detection scenarios, metal surface images under operational conditions often exhibit coexisting high-frequency noise components and spectral aliasing background textures, and defect targets typically exhibit characteristics such as small scale, weak contrast, and multi-class coexistence, posing challenges for automatic defect detection systems. To address this, we introduce concepts including wavelet decomposition, cross-attention, and U-shaped dilated convolution into the YOLO framework, proposing the YOLOv11-WBD model to enhance feature representation capability and semantic mining effectiveness.

Charity coverage and decreased COVID-19 mortality among uninsured patients in Texas: A retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: Decreased access to care and social drivers of health have been implicated in COVID-19 disparities. The objective of this study was to test the association between county-funded charity coverage (CFCC) and mortality among uninsured patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in a highly uninsured county.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study compared electronic health record (EHR) data among uninsured patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in a high-volume safety-net health system in Dallas County, Texas between June 2020 and December 2021.

Shocked quartz at the Younger Dryas onset (12.8 ka) supports cosmic airbursts/impacts contributing to North American megafaunal extinctions and collapse of the Clovis technocomplex.

Shocked quartz grains are an accepted indicator of crater-forming cosmic impact events, which also typically produce amorphous silica along the fractures. Furthermore, previous research has shown that shocked quartz can form when nuclear detonations, asteroids, and comets produce near-surface or "touch-down" airbursts. When cosmic airbursts detonate with enough energy and at sufficiently low altitude, the resultant relatively small, high-velocity fragments may strike Earth's surface with high enough pressures to generate thermal and mechanical shock that can fracture quartz grains and introduce molten silica into the fractures.

CK2 derived from brain microvascular endothelial cells induces astrocyte inflammatory response in Escherichia coli-induced meningitis.

Neuroinflammation within the central nervous system (CNS) is recognized as a critical pathological process in meningitic Escherichia coli (E. coli) infection, leading to severe neurodegenerative disorders and long-term sequelae. Astrocyte reactivity plays a pivotal role in driving the neuroinflammatory cascade in response to pathological stimuli from peripheral sources or other cellular components of the CNS.

Impact of digital addiction on youth health: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Digital addiction among youth, characterized by excessive and compulsive use of digital devices such as smartphones, computers, and social media platforms, has become a global concern. The present study aimed to investigate the association between digital addiction subtypes in youth and various health outcomes using "digital addiction" as an umbrella term.

Methods: We comprehensively reviewed articles reporting health outcomes related to digital addiction in youth from the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, PubMed, and Web of Science databases using a targeted search strategy and assessed them using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Critical exponents of the spin-glass transition in a field at zero temperature.

We analyze the spin-glass transition in a field in finite dimension [Formula: see text] below the upper critical dimension directly at zero temperature using a recently introduced perturbative loop expansion around the Bethe lattice solution. The expansion is generated by the so-called [Formula: see text]-layer construction, and it has [Formula: see text] as the associated small parameter. Computing analytically and numerically these nonstandard diagrams at first order in the [Formula: see text] expansion, we construct an [Formula: see text]-expansion around the upper critical dimension [Formula: see text], with [Formula: see text].

The RecBC complex protects single-stranded DNA gaps during lesion bypass.

Following encounter with an unrepaired DNA lesion, replication is halted and can restart downstream of the lesion leading to the formation of a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) gap. To complete replication, this ssDNA gap is filled in by one of the two lesion tolerance pathways: the error-prone Translesion Synthesis (TLS) or the error-free Homology Directed Gap Repair (HDGR). In the present work, we evidence a role for the RecBC complex distinct from its canonical function in homologous recombination at DNA double strand breaks.

[Modern view on the mechanism of traffic injury in collision of moving vehicle and pedestrian].

The article considers the main phases of traffic injury (TI) described by A.A. Solokhin in 1968 and their modern application in forensic medical and automotive examination.

[Organ and species identification of liver microparticles using forensic cytology and quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods].

Objective: To establish organ affiliation of liver microparticles using forensic cytological method based on hepatocytes' morphological characteristics and to determine their species belonging according to the human IgG using a quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Material And Methods: Previously dried microparticles (from 0.2×0.

[Forensic medical expertise in the cases of sexual crimes: dynamics of indicators and regional features].

Unlabelled: Crimes against the sexual integrity of the individual represent one of the most serious forms of violence.

Objective: To perform a retrospective epidemiological analysis with the systematization of analytical data on the performed forensic medical examinations (FMEs) of survivors of sexual abuse in order to increase the effectiveness of the system of preventive measures against such crimes.

Material And Methods: The data from the industry statistical report №42 were analyzed.

Tuning the Electrical Property and Electronic Band Structures of Organic Semiconductors via Surface Tension.

Stress engineering is an effective way to tune the performance of semiconductors, which has been verified in the work of inorganic and organic single-crystal semiconductors. However, due to the limitations of the vapor-phase growth preparation conditions, the deposited polycrystalline organic semiconductors are more susceptible to residual stress. Therefore, it is of great research significance to develop a low-cost stress engineering applicable to vapor-deposited semiconductors.

Multienzyme Cascade Coimmobilization on ZIF-8-Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles for Efficient d-Allulose Synthesis.

This study develops a multienzyme coimmobilization strategy on NTA-functionalized ZIF-8-coated magnetic nanoparticles (NZMNPs) for efficient d-allulose synthesis. Under optimized immobilization conditions (enzyme-to-carrier ratio: 1:50 w/w, 30 min immobilization), the system achieved an immobilization efficiency of 93.7% along with 107.

Systemic Delivery of an mRNA-Encoding, Tumor-Activated Interleukin-12 Lock to Eliminate Tumors and Avoid Immune-Related Adverse Events.

Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a robust proinflammatory cytokine that activates immune cells, such as T cells and natural killer cells, to induce antitumor immunity. However, the clinical application of recombinant IL-12 has been limited by systemic immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and rapid degradation. To address these challenges, we employed mRNA technology to encode a tumor-activated IL-12 "lock" fusion protein that offers both therapeutic efficacy and systemic safety.

Brain-wide activation and deactivation maps during smooth and saccadic tracking in humans.

This study aimed to identify brain activity modulations associated with different types of visual tracking using advanced functional magnetic resonance imaging techniques developed by the Human Connectome Project (HCP) consortium. Magnetic resonance imaging data were collected from 27 healthy volunteers using a 3-T scanner. During a single run, participants either fixated on a stationary visual target (fixation block) or tracked a smoothly moving or jumping target (smooth or saccadic tracking blocks), alternating across blocks.