Synergistic effects of caesium closo-dodecaborate on buried interface for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells.

The defects and strain of the buried SnO/perovskite interface seriously affects the performances of n-i-p type perovskite solar cells. Herein, caesium closo-dodecaborate (BHCs) is introduced into buried interface to improve the device performances. BHCs can passivate the bilateral defects of the buried interface, including the oxygen vacancy and uncoordinated Sn defects on SnO side and the uncoordinated Pb defects on perovskite side.

A Novel Ultra-Low Work Function TbF for High Efficiency Dopant-Free Silicon Solar Cells.

The ability of carrier selective contact is mainly determined by the surface passivation and work function for dopant-free materials applied in crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells, which have received considerable attention in recent years. In this contribution, a novel electron-selective material, lanthanide terbium trifluoride (TbF ), with an ultra-low work function of 2.4 eV characteristic, is presented, allowing a low contact resistivity (ρ ) of ≈3 mΩ cm .

Acidity Scale in a Choline Chloride- and Ethylene Glycol-Based Deep Eutectic Solvent and Its Implication on Carbon Dioxide Absorption.

An equilibrium acidity (p) scale that comprises 16 Brönsted organic acids, including phenols, carboxylic acids, azoles, and phenylmalononitriles, was established in a choline chloride/EG-based deep eutectic solvent (DES) ([Ch][Cl]:2EG) by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopic methods. The established acidity scale spans about 6 p units in the DES, which is similar to that for these acids in water. The acidity comparisons and linear correlations between the DES and other solvents show that the solvent property of [Ch][Cl]:2EG is quite different from those of amphiphilic protic and dipolar aprotic molecular solvents.

A new method for estimating ore grade based on sample length weighting.

Estimation of ore grade is very important for the value evaluation of ore deposits, and it directly affects the development of mineral resources. To improve the accuracy of the inverse distance weighting (IDW) method in ore grade estimation and reduce the smoothing effect of the IDW method in grade estimation, the weight calculation method involved in the IDW method was improved. The length parameter of the ore sample was used to calculate the weight of the IDW method.

The cotton protein GhIQD21 interacts with GhCaM7 and modulates organ morphogenesis in Arabidopsis by influencing microtubule stability.

GhIQD21, a cotton IQ67-domain protein, interacts with GhCaM7 and alters organ shape in Arabidopsis by modulating microtubule stability. Calcium ion (Ca) and the calcium sensor calmodulin play crucial roles in the growth and development of plants. GhCaM7, a calmodulin in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.

Reproducible 2D TiCT for perovskite-based photovoltaic device.

TiCT (T denotes terminal group), resulting from two-dimensional (2D) Mxenes, has attracted significant attention due to energy shortage and catalysis. Herein, we present reproducible 2D TiCT obtained from commercial bulk TiAlC using a cost-effective and environment-friendly approach. Both etching and exfoliation processes were investigated with the rational selection of etchant, reaction time and exfoliation solution.

Atomic charges in molecules defined by molecular real space partition into atomic subspaces.

Atomic charge (AC), which is the charge distribution of a molecule, is an important property that is closely associated with structures, reactivities, and intra- and inter-molecular interactions among molecules. Several theoretical models or methods can be used to obtain the magnitudes of AC with different characteristics. These models can be classified into fuzzy-atoms models and models partitioning a molecule into individual atoms with sharp boundaries.

Fine mapping and candidate gene analysis of qFL-A12-5: a fiber length-related QTL introgressed from Gossypium barbadense into Gossypium hirsutum.

The fiber length-related qFL-A12-5 identified in CSSLs introgressed from Gossypium barbadense into Gossypium hirsutum was fine-mapped to an 18.8 kb region on chromosome A12, leading to the identification of the GhTPR gene as a potential regulator of cotton fiber length. Fiber length is a key determinant of fiber quality in cotton, and it is a key target of artificial selection for breeding and domestication.

Large-scale metabolome analysis reveals dynamic changes of metabolites during foxtail millet grain filling.

Compared with traditional staple crops, foxtail millet grain is rich in nutrition and beneficial to human health. Foxtail millet is also tolerance to various abiotic stresses, including drought, making it a good plant for growing in barren land. The study on the composition of metabolites and its dynamics changes during grain development is helpful to understand the process of foxtail millet grain formation.

Systematic analysis and expression of Gossypium 2ODD superfamily highlight the roles of GhLDOXs responding to alkali and other abiotic stress in cotton.

Background: 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase (2ODD) is the second largest family of oxidases involved in various oxygenation/hydroxylation reactions in plants. Many members in the family regulate gene transcription, nucleic acid modification/repair and secondary metabolic synthesis. The 2ODD family genes also function in the formation of abundant flavonoids during anthocyanin synthesis, thereby modulating plant development and response to diverse stresses.

Edge Coordination of Ni Single Atoms on Hard Carbon Promotes the Potassium Storage and Reversibility.

Hard carbon is the most promising anode for potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) due to its low cost and abundance, but its limited storage capacity remains a major challenge. Herein, edge coordination of metal single atoms is proved to be an effective strategy for promoting potassium storage in hard carbon for the first time, taking B, N co-doped hard carbon nanotubes anchored by edge Ni-N -B atomic sites (Ni@BNHC) as an example. It is revealed that edge Ni-N -B can provide active sites for interlayer adsorption of K and that Ni atoms can facilitate the reversibility of K storage on N and B atoms.

Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the PPO Gene Family in Cotton () and Their Expression Variations Responding to Wilt Infection.

Polyphenol oxidases (PPOs) are copper-binding metalloproteinases encoded by nuclear genes, ubiquitously existing in the plastids of microorganisms, plants, and animals. As one of the important defense enzymes, PPOs have been reported to participate in the resistant processes that respond to diseases and insect pests in multiple plant species. However, PPO gene identification and characterization in cotton and their expression patterns under wilt (VW) treatment have not been clearly studied.

Chelated Ion-Exchange Strategy toward BiOCl Mesoporous Single-Crystalline Nanosheets for Boosting Photocatalytic Selective Aromatic Alcohols Oxidation.

The photoresponse and photocatalytic efficiency of bismuth oxychloride (BiOCl) are greatly limited by rapid recombination of photogenerated carriers. The construction of porous single-crystal BiOCl photocatalyst can effectively alleviate this issue and provide accessible active sites. Herein, a facile chelated ion-exchange strategy is developed to synthesize BiOCl mesoporous single-crystalline nanosheets (BiOCl MSCN) using acetic acid and ammonia solution respectively as chelating agent and ionization promoter.

Selenium Deficiency via the ROS/NLRP3/IL-1β Signaling Pathway Leads to Pyroptosis Injury in Pig Spleen.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of selenium (Se) deficiency on the relationship between the pyroptosis and MAPK signaling pathway in spleen injury. A total of 10 two-month-old Sus scrofa domesticus specimens were allocated to two groups. The control group was fed a basal diet (0.

Numerical simulation and verification of rotor downwash flow field of plant protection UAV at different rotor speeds.

In aerial spraying of plant protection UAVs, the continuous reduction of pesticides is an objective process. Under the condition of constant flight state (speed and altitude), the change of pesticide loading will inevitably lead to the shift of lift force and rotor speed generated by UAV rotor rotation, which will change the distribution of the rotor flow field and affect the effect of aerial spraying operation of plant protection UAV. Therefore, the rotor speed of UAV is taken as the research object in this paper, and the adaptive refinement physical model based on the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) is used to numerically simulate the rotor flow field of the quadrotor plant-protection UAV at different speeds.

Silver lining to a climate crisis in multiple prospects for alleviating crop waterlogging under future climates.

Extreme weather events threaten food security, yet global assessments of impacts caused by crop waterlogging are rare. Here we first develop a paradigm that distils common stress patterns across environments, genotypes and climate horizons. Second, we embed improved process-based understanding into a farming systems model to discern changes in global crop waterlogging under future climates.

The binding pocket properties were fundamental to functional diversification of the GDSL-type esterases/lipases gene family in cotton.

Cotton is one of the most important crops in the world. GDSL-type esterases/lipases (GELPs) are widely present in all kingdoms and play an essential role in regulating plant growth, development, and responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this functional diversity remain unclear.

Design, Synthesis, and Fungicidal Evaluation of Novel -Methoxy Pyrazole-4-Carboxamides as Potent Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors.

Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH, EC 1.3.5.

Effects of middle-aged and elderly people's self-efficacy on health promotion behaviors: Mediating effects of sports participation.

Objective: This study explores the relationship between self-efficacy, sports participation, and health promotion behavior for middle-aged and elderly people. Therefore, it provides a theoretical reference for improving the quality of life for middle-aged and elderly adults and promoting a healthy lifestyle for the elderly.

Methods: A total of 591 (men: 36.

Cytochrome P450 gene mediates terpinen-4-ol susceptibility in the red flour beetle, (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae).

Cytochrome P450 proteins (CYPs) in insects can encode various detoxification enzymes and catabolize heterologous substances, conferring tolerance to insecticides. This study describes the identification of a P450 gene () from (Herbst) and investigation of its spatiotemporal expression profile and potential role in the detoxification of terpinen-4-ol, a component of plant essential oils. The developmental expression profile showed that expression was relatively higher in early- and late-larval stages of compared with other developmental stages.

Rapid and sensitive detection of esophageal cancer by FTIR spectroscopy of serum and plasma.

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, as a platform technology for cancer detection, must be up to the challenge of clinical transformation. To this end, detection of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) was hereby explored using serum and plasma scrape-coated on barium fluoride (BaF) disk by transmission FTIR method, and the classification model was built using six multivariate statistical analyses, including support vector machine (SVM), principal component linear discriminant analysis (PC-LDA), decision tree (DT), k-nearest neighbor (KNN) classification, ensemble algorithms (EA) and partial least squares for discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). All statistical analyses methods demonstrated that late-stage cancer could be well classified from healthy people employing either serum or plasma with different anticoagulants.

GhAAO2 was observed responding to NaHCO stress in cotton compared to AAO family genes.

Background: Abscisic acid (ABA) is an important stress hormone, the changes of abscisic acid content can alter plant tolerance to stress, abscisic acid is crucial for studying plant responses to abiotic stress. The abscisic acid aldehyde oxidase (AAO) plays a vital role in the final step in the synthesis of abscisic acid, therefore, understanding the function of AAO gene family is of great significance for plants to response to abiotic stresses.

Result: In this study, 6, 8, 4 and 4 AAO genes were identified in four cotton species.