Birth weight, cardiovascular health, and the risk of cardiovascular disease: A longitudinal perspective from the UK biobank cohort.

Background: The associations between birth weight (BW), cardiovascular health (CVH) as assessed by Life's Essential 8 (LE8) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain unclear. We aimed to assess the independent and joint associations of BW and CVH with risks of CVDs.

Methods: This study included 143,910 UK Biobank participants without CVD at baseline (2006-2010).

C2-Benzylic C(sp)-H Alkylation of Indoles Enabled by Photoinduced, EDA-Complex-Mediated Radical-Radical Cross-Coupling.

2-Alkylindoles are privileged motifs that serve as versatile intermediates and building blocks in synthetic and medicinal chemistry. Herein, we report a photoinduced, EDA-complex-enabled C2-benzylic C(sp)-H alkylation of indoles with bromides through radical cross-coupling. This developed protocol provides facile access to 2-alkylindoles from structurally varied 2-methylindoles and bromides under mild reaction conditions with simple operation.

Transcriptomic and microenvironment characteristics of triple-negative breast cancer under three different neoadjuvant treatment regimens.

Background: Adding immunotherapy to chemotherapy can modestly improve the pathological complete response (pCR) rate in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), while our previous NeoSAC study demonstrated that combining anti-angiogenic therapy can further enhance pCR. However, research on the mechanisms underlying the efficacy differences and biomarker comparisons across these treatment regimens remains insufficient.

Patients And Methods: Female TNBC patients were consecutively enrolled into three groups: chemotherapy (chemo), chemo-immunotherapy (chemo-ICI), and chemo-immunotherapy-anti-angiogenesis (chemo-ICI-AA, from our NeoSAC study, NCT04722718).

Multi-Component Crystalline Mesoporous Materials: Synthesis Principle and Application.

Owing to the interpenetrating mesopores, tunable pore sizes, high surface areas, and abundant compositions, mesoporous materials have achieved great achievement in applications of energy conversion and storage, catalysis, separation, and life science. Recently, multi-component crystalline mesoporous materials (MCMM) have gradually attracted extensive attention due to their defect-rich porous wall, flexible multi-components, stable crystal structure, adjustable physicochemical properties, and promising applications. Limited by their complicated multi-component system and harsh crystallization conditions, it is indeed challenging to synthesize MCMM and lacks systemic guiding principles.

Anti-disturbance trajectory tracking event-triggered control for underactuated surface vessels: A novel switching self-tuning mechanism.

Prescribed performance control has garnered significant interest for its capability to predefine system performance indicators. However, some unresolved challenges persist in prescribed performance control for underactuated surface vessels (USVs) under disturbances and input saturation. To address these issues, this paper proposes a fixed-time trajectory tracking scheme for underactuated surface vessels, where external disturbances, input saturation, and prescribed performance are considered.

Integrated Prognostic Model for Young Breast Cancer Patients: Insights from SEER, METABRIC, and TCGA Databases.

This study aims to develop a prognostic model for breast cancer in young women (BCY) by integrating clinical and genomic data. We analyzed clinical data from SEER and identified key prognostic genes using METABRIC and TCGA datasets. Machine learning (LASSO and XGBoost) was used for gene selection, and a survival prediction model was built.

Photoinduced, Pd-Catalyzed Enantioselective Cascade Carboamidation of Dienes to Access γ-Lactams.

Chiral γ-lactam scaffolds represent a privileged structural motif that is prominently featured in numerous biologically active natural products and pharmaceuticals. Notably, due to the intimidating challenges in the stereocontrol for the intramolecular amidation, the asymmetric cascade carboamidation of the C═C bond to access structurally diverse chiral γ-lactams from readily available 2-bromoamides remains unexplored. Herein, a photoinduced, Pd-catalyzed enantioselective cyclization of conjugated 1,3-dienes with 2-bromoamides has been accomplished.

Current status of transcriptome sequencing technology in ruminants.

In many parts of the world, safe ruminant production underpins food security, while ruminant meat and milk are important agricultural commodities and a major source of protein requirements in the human diet. In order to maintain the sustainability of such agricultural products, animal production should be made more efficient through better management and production techniques. Ruminating animals such as cows and sheep have been used for the synthesis of dairy products, the production of high-quality meat, and the study of reproductive mechanisms.

Orthodontic rubber band combined with magnetic ring as a traction device for improving endoscopic submucosal dissection training.

Background: Good exposure of the submucosal visual field is a prerequisite for successful endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). There are few reports on ESD training using orthodontic rubber band combined with magnetic ring traction (ORB-MR). This study evaluated the efficacy of ORB-MR traction for ESD training.

Mapping gender networks of smartphone addiction and academic procrastination: a network analysis study.

Background: Smartphone addiction (SA) and academic procrastination (AP) are two of the educational challenges encountered by many higher education students today that have led to a series of adverse effects on their well-being.

Aims Sample And Methods: Previous studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding gender differences in SA and AP, and limited attention has been paid to gender differences in the interaction between SA and AP. To address this gap, the present study employs network analysis to investigate gender differences in the SA, AP, and SA-AP interaction networks among higher education students.

High-Performance Broadband Integrated Detection System for Multifunctional Applications.

In the digital era, photodetectors have become indispensable components in optical communication, imaging, and artificial intelligence, driven by the integration of multidisciplinary technologies and the expanding application scenarios. However, traditional photodetectors, constrained by fixed-bandgap semiconductors, falter in delivering broadband sensitivity and miniaturized integration. While narrow-bandgap two-dimensional (2D) materials offer promising solutions for broad-spectrum detection due to their exceptional spectral absorption capabilities, they are still hindered by excessive dark currents (>10 A) and noise-induced signal ambiguity, which degrade photosensitivity (/) and limit real-world utility.

Ultrasound-Triggered Activation of -Azidobenzyloxycarbonyl-Based Prodrugs via Radical-Mediated Cascade Elimination.

Selective prodrug activation at tumor sites through noninvasive external stimuli represents a promising strategy in enhancing the therapeutic index. Here, we report a -azidobenzyloxycarbonyl (PAzBC)-based prodrug platform activated by physiotherapy-grade ultrasound (2.0 W/cm, 1 MHz) through radical-mediated cascade elimination.

Research progress on diagnostic techniques for different species in persistent infections.

Babesiosis, a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by protozoa, poses significant infection risks across mammalian species. Clinical manifestations in vertebrate hosts range from spontaneous abortion to fatal outcomes, with immunocompromised individuals potentially transmitting the pathogen through blood products or transplanted organs, thereby amplifying epidemiological risks. Effective disease management carries substantial public health implications for livestock production, companion animal welfare, and food safety in endemic regions.

Research progress on the drug resistance mechanisms of and future solutions.

is an important member of the non- species. It is closely associated with candidemia, especially common in neutropenic and critically ill patients. Drug-resistant isolates have been found not only in clinical patients but also in animals, fruits, and the environment.

Area-Controllable Nanoplatelets from Rapid Photocontrolled Living Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly of an Alternating Copolymer.

Photocontrolled living self-assembly has attracted considerable interest due to its noninvasive, remote control, and real-time features; however, it has remained much less explored compared to other stimuli-responsive self-assembly systems. Here, a novel photocontrolled living crystallization-driven self-assembly (P-CDSA) system was constructed by employing an alternating copolymer, poly((hexylthienyl stiff-stilbene)--poly(ethylene glycol)) containing photosensitive stiff-stilbene derivative, as the precursor. The photoinduced -to- isomerization of the stiff-stilbene derivative segments could occur quickly upon 365 nm light irradiation, leading to a rapid P-CDSA process producing size-controllable nanoplatelets within 2 min at room temperature.

Ultrasound-induced single-electron reduction of azide groups in aromatic prodrugs.

Ultrasound has emerged as a versatile clinical tool due to its high tissue penetration and ability to deliver energy precisely to targeted areas. Increasing attention is now focused on its ability to induce chemical transformations of compounds and the underlying mechanisms therein. Here, we report a new ultrasonic chemistry mechanism in which low-intensity ultrasound facilitates the single-electron reduction of aromatic azides, converting them to bioactive amines.

A R2R3-MYB transcription factor LmMYB111 positively regulates chlorogenic acid and luteoloside biosynthesis in Lonicera macranthoides.

Lonicera macranthoides is a vital medicinal herb frequently used in Chinese traditional medicine. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) and luteoloside are the most crucial bioactive pharmaceutical ingredients in L. macranthoides.

Disproportionality analysis of interstitial lung disease associated with novel antineoplastic agents during breast cancer treatment: a pharmacovigilance study.

Background: Studies have shown that some antineoplastic agents may be associated with interstitial lung disease (ILD), but large-scale real-world data are lacking. This study aimed to detect signals of disproportionate reporting for ILD associated with novel antineoplastic agents used in breast cancer treatment.

Methods: In this pharmacovigilance study, we collected data from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS; Jan 01, 2004-Dec 31, 2023) and the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER; Jan 01, 2004-Mar 31, 2024) databases.

Uncooled near- to long-wave-infrared polarization-sensitive photodetectors based on MoSe/PdSe van der Waals heterostructures.

Infrared polarization-sensitive photodetectors have attracted considerable interest for night vision, remote sensing and imaging applications. Traditional bulk infrared photodetectors suffer from integration challenges and high-power consumption induced by the cryogenic cooling requirement. Here, we demonstrate a tunneling-dominant triple-junction broadband polarization-sensitive photodetector based on a van der Waals heterostructure, operating from the near-infrared (NIR) to the long-wave infrared (LWIR) band.

Physisorption-assistant optoelectronic synaptic transistors based on TaNiSe/SnS heterojunction from ultraviolet to near-infrared.

Neuromorphic computing vision is the most promising technological solution to overcome the arithmetic bottleneck in machine vision applications. All-in-one neuromorphic sensors have been attracting increased attention because they can integrate visual perception, processing, and memory functionalities into one single device. However, the limited responsivity and data retention time of all-in-one neuromorphic sensors usually hinder their potential in multispectral machine vision, especially in the near-infrared (NIR) band which contains critical information for pattern recognition.

High-Performance Broadband Mixed-Dimensional Phototransistors Based on the Boron Nitride Quantum Dots/MoSe Heterostructure with Enhanced UV Sensitivity.

Two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors have been of great interest in phototransistors in recent years due to their unique optoelectronic and electronic properties. However, their discernible spectral range and the efficiency of light absorption are usually restricted. Here, we present phototransistors based on mixed-dimensional heterostructures formed by zero-dimensional (0D) boron nitride quantum dots (BNQDs) and molybdenum diselenide (MoSe), which have high responsivity (), specific detectivity (*), and external quantum efficiency (EQE), especially in the ultraviolet (UV) spectral range.

Effect of environmental stress factors on the expression of virulence genes and pathogenicity of lethal of bovine origin.

Objective: () can be used as a probiotic or produce a variety of toxins that are pathogenic to humans and animals. Environmental stressors can affect the growth process of and the expression of its virulence genes. Due to the limitations of methods such as pharmacological disinfection methods (there are limits to the use of antibiotics) and chemical disinfection methods (chemical methods may produce residues), attempts can be made to remove and reduce infections through environmental stress factors.

Multivalent RGD Peptide-Mediated Nanochimera for Lysosomal Degradation of PDL1 Protein.

The development of immune checkpoint inhibitors, especially PDL1 antibodies, has revolutionized cancer therapy, but the posttherapy recycling of PDL1 proteins poses a significant challenge by inducing resistance and reducing treatment efficacy. To address this, we introduce an integrin-driven, lysosome-targeted nanochimera, composed of poly(glutamic acid), RGD peptides, and PDL1 antibodies, is designed to engage the target PDL1 protein, with the αβ integrin binding to the multivalent RGD peptides to direct the complex through the endocytosomal pathway to the lysosome, ensuring PDL1 degradation and blocking its recycling. Our and experiments demonstrate that these nanochimeras potently activate T-cell antitumor immunity by downregulating PDL1 expression within tumor cells and tissues, significantly enhancing the efficacy of PDL1 antibodies.

High-throughput screening method for glycolipids based on substrate modification and their efficient biomanufacturing.

The development of a high-throughput screening (HTS) method is crucial for boosting microbial synthesis. However, in non-model strains, genetic editing-based HTS is often not feasible. Here, a substrate-modified HTS strategy using Starmerella bombicola PL0120, a sophorolipids (SLs)-producing strain, was designed.