Chromium deposition enhances the tolerance of Chlorella vulgaris to microplastics.

Microplastics (MPs) and heavy metals (HMs), well-known environmental pollutants, have attracted widespread attention owing to their increasing threats. However, the interactions of MPs and chromium (Cr) at the microscale remain poorly understood, and the effects of environmental transformation on their toxicity remain controversial. The influences of light irradiation on their conversion were investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

Assessing the industrial pollution risk potential to farmland soil environment based on spatialization: A single-year study in China.

Industrial activities are major contributors to farmland soil pollution, posing considerable risk potential to the soil environment. A quantitative and spatial assessment of the industrial pollution-related risk potential will provide critical insights into their characteristics, supporting methodological advancements and practical applications in soil environmental management. This study develops a systematic evaluation framework to assess the risk potential of industrial pollution to the farmland soil environment.

Nitrogen-Driven Orchestration of Lateral Root Development: Molecular Mechanisms and Systemic Integration.

N, as plants' most essential nutrient, profoundly shapes root system architecture (RSA), with LRs being preferentially regulated. This review synthesizes the intricate molecular mechanisms underpinning N sensing, signaling, and its integration into developmental pathways governing LR initiation, primordium formation, emergence, and elongation. We delve deeply into the roles of specific transporters (NRT1.

A machine learning and counterfactual reasoning-integrated decision framework for cadmium remediation: Predictive optimization and cost-benefit analysis driven by iron plaque regulation.

Environmental remediation strategies for cadmium (Cd)-contaminated rice paddies often face challenges due to reliance on time-consuming field trials and limited pre-assessment of intervention efficacy. Here, we propose a machine learning and causal inference-integrated framework to enable proactive decision-making, using iron plaque-mediated Cd immobilization as a model system. By analyzing 76 paired soil-rice samples, extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) identified six critical drivers of grain Cd accumulation from 31 physicochemical and microbial indicators.

Position-independent single-nucleotide polymorphism discrimination by CRISPR/Cas12a via rational activator strand engineering.

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are critical biomarkers for disease diagnosis and genetic research, yet their sensitive and specific detection remains challenging. Here, we report a rational activator strand design strategy that significantly enhances the SNP discrimination capability of CRISPR/Cas12a-based biosensing systems. By systematically optimizing the length of the crRNA-complementary region and the architecture of the 3'-terminal random extension sequence, we developed an engineered CRISPR/Cas12a platform capable of discrimination SNPs with single-nucleotide resolution, regardless of mutation position.

Multi-omics insights into surface charge effects to decode the interplay of nanoplastics and bacterial antibiotic resistance.

Multi-omics approaches revealed how nanoplastics with different surface charges influence antibiotic resistance in K12. Positively charged nanoplastics enhanced antibiotic resistance by upregulating genes and proteins linked to oxidative stress tolerance and efflux pumps, and promoted antibiotic resistance genes transfer via conjugation and transformation. In contrast, negatively charged nanoplastics disrupted biofilm formation and metabolism, potentially reducing antibiotic resistance.

Subsurface drainage enhances the cadmium enrichment efficiency of flax-sesame crop rotation by inhibiting the immobilization effect of iron oxides.

Flax-sesame crop rotation is an effective phytoremediation method for cadmium (Cd)-contaminated farmland. To investigate the effect of drainage on the uptake efficiency of soil Cd by the crops, field experiments were conducted to analyze the migration of Cd, iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn), and the soil microbial community. Compared with conventional drainage, the deep furrow treatment increased the Cd accumulated in the flax and sesame organs by up to 73.

Isolation and characterization of multi-drug-resistant Microbacterium esteraromaticum bacteriophage: assessment of antibacterial efficacy and genomic insights.

Microbacterium esteraromaticum, a common bacterium utilized in the degradation of organic pollutants, is prevalently found in the wastewater environments of rural areas. However, the excessive use of antibiotics in recent years has endowed M. esteraromaticum with a broad spectrum of antibiotic resistance, transforming it into a potential high-risk contaminant capable of disseminating antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) within the environment.

Unveiling the mechanisms of metolachlor biodegradation and physiological adaptations in Penicillium oxalicum MetF1.

Environmental risk posed by metolachlor to farmland has garnered significant concern. AlthoughPenicillium oxalicumMetF1 exhibits metolachlor degradation potential, underlying biochemical mechanisms remain unclear. To address this, a comprehensive investigation integrating physicochemical properties, phenotypic characterization, transcriptomic profiling, and metabolomic analysis was conducted.

Toxicity of S-metolachlor to non-target crop Vigna angularis: Influences from soil properties to molecular mechanism.

S-metolachlor (ME) is a widely used pre-emergence herbicide, and yet there are frequent incidents of non-target crop damage caused by ME application in production practice. Understanding the factors and mechanisms influencing the toxicity of ME on non-target crops is crucial for ensuring the rational use of pesticides in agriculture. This study shows that while the permissible concentration of ME does not significantly affect the germination rate of Vigna angularis (V.

Oxygen vacancy-rich TiO nanobelts buffed Ru clusters for green chemosynthesis of amino acid from lignocellulosic derivatives.

Amino acids are widely used in various applications, its production mainly relies on the fermentation of grain crops, and the chemosynthesis method from non-grain biomass still faces the challenge of low efficiency (<50 %). Herein, Ru clusters anchored on ultrathin TiO nanobelts (NBs) with abundant oxygen vacancies are fabricated and used to convert lignocellulose-derived α-hydroxy acids to α-amino acids. The Ru/TiO NBs achieved up to 80 % alanine yield from lignocellulose-derived lactic acid (LA).

Data-driven machine learning modeling reveals the impact of micro/nanoplastics on microalgae and their key underlying mechanisms.

Micro- and nano-plastics (MNPs) pose a growing threat to freshwater microalgae, leading to water quality and biodiversity. Traditional experiments often encounter difficulties in terms of cost, time, and capturing complex interactions when exploring this critical issue. To overcome these limitations, we applied eight machine learning models to predict MNPs' effects on microalgae activity using literature data from the past decade.

Environmental stability characteristics of the immobilization effect of sulfhydryl grafted palygorskite on soil-available cadmium.

The stability of heavy metal immobilization amendments represents a critical factor in evaluating remediation effectiveness. To comprehensively investigate the environmental stability of a novel amendment, sulfhydryl grafted palygorskite (SGP), a series of experiments encompassing chemical exposure and sorption, incubation with simulated acid rain and thermal variations, and field validation were conducted. SGP demonstrated chemical stability across diverse media, including ambient atmosphere, aqueous solutions (HO, CuSO, and HO), and heterogeneous soil matrices, as evidenced by a maximum relative standard deviation of changes in the free sulfhydryl content and a sorption capacity below 5%.

Ferrihydrite redox enhanced biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons coupling with conversion of soil multi-elements by electron transfer.

In the soil microbial electrochemical remediation, iron transformations commonly govern electron transfer, bioelectricity generation and pollutant degradation. In this study, the conversion of ferrihydrite to goethite (cathode) and hematite (anode) increased electronic circulation channels, with a 67 % increase in charge output and 74 % improvement in petroleum hydrocarbon removal. Simultaneously, ferrihydrite-mediated processes facilitated the activation of recalcitrant organic carbon, resulting in 9 % lignin and 30 % unsaturated hydrocarbon degradation.

Selectivity characteristics of immobilization effects of sulfhydryl grafted palygorskite on heavy metals in soils.

Sulfhydryl-based amendments are emerging immobilization agents for heavy metal contaminated soils, though their immobilization selectivity remains incompletely understood. To elucidate the sorption preferences and immobilization selectivity of sulfhydryl grafted palygorskite (SGP), series of experiments including solution sorption, spectroscopic characterization, density functional theory (DFT) calculation, soil incubation, and plant pot cultivation were conducted. Sulfhydryl grafting significantly enhanced SGP's sorption capacities for Cu, Hg and Cd.

Pakchoi ( L.) Modulates the Antioxidant System and Energy Metabolism in Response to 6PPD and 6PPD-Q.

The widespread presence of the emerging contaminants -(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-'-phenyl--phenylenediamine (6PPD) and its derivative 6PPD-quinone (6PPD-Q), along with their associated environmental risks, has garnered significant public concern. To assess the food safety risk of 6PPD and its oxidized product 6PPD-Q in the environment, we explored the effects of different concentrations (0.1, 1, 10, and 100 μg/L) of 6PPD and 6PPD-Q on pakchoi ( L.

Coupled nitrate-to-ammonia reduction and persulfate production for ciprofloxacin removal via CuO/Cu nanorod and BDD electrodes.

Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction (NORR) processes that use actual aqueous nitrate pollution as a feedstock for ammonia production have two chief challenges for realization: (i), conversions are limited to neutral conditions and (ii) electrocatalysts are unable to drive nitride protonation while inhibiting hydrogen evolution. Herein, a facile electrodeposition method was applied to prepare CuO/Cu nanorods on copper support, which exhibited an ammonia production rate of 454.1 μmol h cm and Faraday efficiency of 96.

Recent advances in heteroatom-doped RuO electrocatalysts for efficient acidic oxygen evolution reaction.

Highly active and durable acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalyst is a vital component of cost-effective proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer. Rutile-phase RuO has inspired extensive attention as an acidic OER electrocatalyst due to its lower cost and similar activity compared to IrO. However, RuO often suffers from severe dissolution and even structural collapse at high potentials due to the irreversible overoxidation of Ru into soluble RuO species, resulting in a dramatic degradation of performance.

Population Pharmacokinetics of Florfenicol in Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) Based on the Sparse Sampling Method and a Nonlinear Mixed-Effect Model.

The present study was conducted to establish population pharmacokinetics (PPK) of florfenicol (FLO) in crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) after a single oral administration at a dose of 15 mg/kg at 25°C based on a nonlinear mixed effect model. The sparse sampling method was used to collect the blood samples. Thirty-two crayfish were divided into four groups, and one group included four male crayfish and four female crayfish.

The Physiological Mechanisms and Hurdles of Efficient Water-Nitrogen Utilization in Maize Production: A Review.

Maize ( L.) is one of the most important staple food crops globally. One-third of global maize production is located in areas with high or extreme water scarcity and concurrently faces the challenge of low nitrogen use efficiency.

Preparation of Hierarchically Porous Monolithic Corn Straw@COF Composite for Fat-Rich Food Pretreatment in Non-Targeted Analysis.

In the food safety non-targeted analysis, it is urgent to develop suitable adsorbent materials for sample pretreatment, so as to achieve efficient removal of interference matrices in food samples and "full recovery" of potential chemical hazards. Traditional adsorption materials exhibit limitations such as poor removal efficiency and high cost. To address these issues, this study presents the preparation of a hierarchically porous monolithic corn straw@COF (CS@COF) composite for efficient sample pretreatment of fat-rich foods.

Soil redox-adaptive anode potentials enhance microbial electroactivity through targeted enrichment of exoelectrogenic consortia in paddy soil.

Exoelectrogenic bacteria (EEB) act as critical drivers in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, mediating pivotal biogeochemical processes. However, their low abundance in natural environments poses significant challenges for accurate identification and enrichment. Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) have emerged as a promising tool for enriching EEB from environmental samples, yet the influence of applied potentials on shaping specific EEB populations remains poorly understood.

Multiresidue Analysis Method for the Determination of 477 Pesticides in Soil Based on Thorough Method Validation.

Pesticide residues have long been a critical concern in soil pollution investigation and assessment. High-throughput and simplified analytical methods are essential for pesticide residue screening. However, previous methods have been limited in their comparison with classical approaches, and their reliability has not undergone systematic validation.

Selective Capture of Scandium Ions by Designing Chelation Sites in Covalent Organic Framework Membranes.

The rational design of adsorbents capable of efficiently and selectively capturing target metal ions from complex matrices remains a significant challenge in the field of materials science. Herein, it is demonstrated that atomic-level design of chelation sites within covalent organic frameworks (COFs) is a feasible strategy for achieving selective metal ion capture. This study presents a comprehensive approach that integrates theoretical predictions, structural design, and experimental validation to develop targeted metal ion-specific absorbents.