O-GlcNAcylation of CEP44 Promotes Its Droplet Formation and Regulates Its Localization.

The centrosomal protein of 44 kDa (CEP44) is essential for centriole duplication, centrosome cohesion, and spindle integrity. It localizes to the proximal end of centrioles and associates with spindle microtubules. Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) is a process by which biomolecules undergo demixing into distinct liquid-like phases, facilitating the formation of cellular condensates such as the centrosome.

Generation and modulation of off-axis photonic nanojets via gradient-index microcylinders.

This work presents an innovative exploration of generating and modulating off-axis photonic nanojets (PNJs) using gradient refractive index (GRIN) microcylinders with asymmetric profiles. The modulation effects of refractive index gradient, average refractive index, environmental factors, and microcylinder rotation on off-axis PNJ properties are systematically investigated. Results show that the refractive index gradient is the core parameter for controlling PNJ deflection angles: increasing the gradient enhances off-axis displacement while reducing peak intensity and extending decay length.

Blood-labyrinth barrier damage mediated by granzymes from cytotoxic lymphocytes results in hearing loss in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Hearing loss (HL) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been widely reported, though the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrate significant HL in an imiquimod-induced mouse model of SLE, accompanied by blood-labyrinth barrier (BLB) damage in the stria vascularis (SV). We found that cytotoxic CD8 T lymphocytes and natural killer cells mediate BLB disruption, with granzyme b (Gzmb) acting as the primary factor inducing cell death of the cochlear capillary endothelial cells.

The relationship between emotional labor and job burnout among Chinese medical staff: The mediating role of organizational identification.

This study investigates the relationships and underlying mechanisms among emotional labor, organizational identification, and job burnout in medical staff. A convenience sampling method was employed to conduct a questionnaire survey among 419 medical staff members. The Emotional Labor Scale, Organizational Identification Scale, and Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey were utilized for data collection.

Biobased Polyamides: Monomer Sources, Preparation, Functional Modifications, and Applications.

With the continued consumption of non-renewable petroleum resources and the ever-seriously climate change problems, reducing the use of fossil resources and diminishing carbon emissions have become significant development directions for establishing a carbon-neutral chemical industry. Biobased polyamides (BPAs) have emerged as crucial bio-renewable polymer materials with great potentials owing to their extensive monomer sources, multiple varieties, excellent physical-mechanical properties, good thermal stability, easy processability, etc. Besides, diverse synthetic methods and functionalized modification strategies have further broadened the working scenarios of BPAs, demonstrating outstanding application possibilities not only in traditional industrial fields, but also in some emerging fields.

Three-Dimensional Printing Assisted Physician-Modified Fenestrated Endografts for Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair in Zone 1.

Aortic arch aneurysm is a life-threatening cardiovascular disorder that requires timely medical intervention. Aneurysms in Zone 1 typically involve multiple branch arteries, making repair challenging. Open surgical repair often results in significant surgical trauma, massive blood loss, and prolonged operative time.

UFMylation Modulates OFIP Stability and Centrosomal Localization.

Background: OFIP, also known as KIAA0753, is a centrosomal and pericentriolar satellite protein implicated in ciliogenesis, centriolar duplication, and microtubule stability. In humans, genetic mutations affecting OFIP have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Oral-Facial-Digital (OFD) Syndrome and Joubert Syndrome. Ubiquitin-fold Modifier 1 (UFM1), the most recently identified ubiquitin-like protein, is covalently transferred to its substrates, in a process known as UFMylation.

High-Accuracy Intermittent Strabismus Screening via Wearable Eye-Tracking and AI-Enhanced Ocular Feature Analysis.

An effective and highly accurate strabismus screening method is expected to identify potential patients and provide timely treatment to prevent further deterioration, such as amblyopia and even permanent vision loss. To satisfy this need, this work showcases a novel strabismus screening method based on a wearable eye-tracking device combined with an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm. To identify the minor and occasional inconsistencies in strabismus patients during the binocular coordination process, which are usually seen in early-stage patients and rarely recognized in current studies, the system captures temporally and spatially continuous high-definition infrared images of the eye during wide-angle continuous motion, and is effective in inducing intermittent strabismus.

Caloric restriction prevents inheritance of polycystic ovary syndrome through oocyte-mediated DNA methylation reprogramming.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent metabolic and reproductive endocrine disorder with strong heritability. However, the independent role of oocytes in mediating this heritability remains unclear. Utilizing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer and surrogacy, we demonstrated that oocytes from androgen-exposed mice (F1) transmitted PCOS-like traits to F2 and F3 generations.

Mouthguard types, properties and influence on performance in sport activities: a narrative review.

Mouthguards are proven devices placed inside the mouth to prevent oral lacerations, dental injuries, and jaw fractures. Endorsed by the World Dental Federation, mouthguards are crucial for preventing orofacial and dental trauma. However, their adoption in sports is challenged by limited guidance, communication barriers, and cost considerations.

Association between body esteem and sugar-sweetened beverage intake among Chinese undergraduate students: a cross-sectional study.

Background: High intake of sugar-sweetened beverages has been linked to a range of physical, psychological, and emotional issues. Although there were various factors influencing sugar-sweetened beverage intake, the relationship between body esteem and sugar-sweetened beverage intake remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between three dimensions of body esteem (body esteem-appearance, body esteem-attribution, and body esteem-weight) and the likelihood of high sugar-sweetened beverage intake.

Lignin-coordinated niobium-based catalyst for the efficient conversion of industrial lignin in choline chloride-lactic acid integrated with ethanol deep eutectic solvent.

Catalytic depolymerization is a favorable option for the valorization of industrial lignin. In this study, a new strategy was demonstrated for the efficient reductive depolymerization of industrial lignin based on a complex solvent of choline chloride-lactic acid (ChCl-LA) DES integrated with ethanol and a C-supported N-doped niobium-based catalyst with industrial lignin as carbon source (NBC@N-LC). It was found that the introduction of ethanol significantly improved the conversion of industrial lignin in ChCl-LA.

Development and Validation of a Diagnostic Model for Stanford Type B Aortic Dissection Based on Proteomic Profiling.

Purpose: Stanford Type B Aortic Dissection (TBAD), a critical aortic disease, has exhibited stable mortality rates over the past decade. However, diagnostic approaches for TBAD during routine health check-ups are currently lacking. This study focused on developing a model to improve the diagnosis in a population.

Dietary Bacillus improves behavior, intestinal health, and growth of juvenile sea cucumbers Apostichopus japonicus at low temperature.

The traditional overwintering process of sea cucumbers (Apostichopus japonicus) requires burning a large amount of coal to raise the water temperature. It is useful but costly and not environmentally friendly. Bacillus is proposed as a cheap and green alternative.

Immunomodulatory potential of primary cilia in the skin.

Primary cilia (PC) are essential signaling hubs for proper epithelial formation and the maintenance of skin homeostasis. Found on most cells in the human body, including skin cells, PC facilitate signal transduction that allows ciliated cells to interact with the immune system via multiple pathways, helping to maintain immune system homeostasis. PC can be altered by various microenvironmental stimuli to develop corresponding regulatory functions.

snRNA-seq of human ovaries reveals heat shock proteins are associated with obesity related cancer risk.

Background: Obesity significantly impacts female reproductive health and increases the risk of gynecological tumors. However, the specific transcriptional changes that occur in the ovarian microenvironment during obesity-induced stress and the relationship between obesity and ovarian cancer remain unclear.

Methods: Our study investigated the single-cell landscape of the ovarian cortex in individuals with varying BMI levels by snRNA-seq, revealing weight-stage related cellular composition deviations and expression profile irregularities.

Modified fenestrated/branched endovascular aortic repair with short bridging stent to treat complex aortic dissection.

Objectives: This study aims to improve fenestrated/branched endovascular aortic repair (F/B EVAR) through fabricating physician-modified stent grafts (PMSG) with short bridging stent to treat complex aortic dissection.

Methods: From November 2018 to January 2024, a total of 82 aortic dissection patients were treated by F/B EVAR combined with short bridging stents, including 19 aortic arch dissection patients and 63 thoracoabdominal aortic dissection patients. Inner or outer short bridging stents were applied to fabricate PMSG with the help of 3D-printing models intraoperatively.

Effects of Hyrax Maxillary Expander on Nasal Cavity and Upper Airway in Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Whether Hyrax maxillary expander is an effective treatment for maxillary transverse deficiency as well as expansion of the upper airway is still controversial. The study's purpose was to evaluate 3D changes in upper airway dimensions of adolescent patients measured primarily by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) after rapid maxillary expansion (RME) with the Hyrax maxillary expander.

Methods: Studies up to 1 April 2024 were searched in the following databases: PubMed/MEDICINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase.

Key Process Control for Synthesizing High-Performance Inherently Flame-Retardant Long-Chain Bio-Based Polyamide.

Long-chain bio-based polyamide has shown promising development prospects due to its excellent properties and green renewable characteristics; however, synthesizing inherently flame-retardant long-chain bio-based polyamide remains a big challenge due to the lack of effective knowledge of the key polymerization process. Herein, intrinsicly flame-retardant long-chain bio-based polyamide 512 (PA512) was synthesized in the presence of a reactive flame retardant with high thermal stability and good water solubility. The reaction conditions and existing problems in each stage of the copolymerization system have been clarified and optimized.

Niobium-based single-atom catalyst promoted fractionation of lignocellulose in choline chloride-lactic acid deep eutectic solvent.

Pretreatment is the key step to convert lignocelluloses to sustainable biofuels, biochemicals or biomaterials. In this study, a green pretreatment method based on choline chloride-lactic acid deep eutectic solvent (ChCl-LA) and niobium-based single-atom catalyst (Nb/CN) was developed for the fractionation of corn straw and further enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. With this strategy, significant lignin removal of 96.

Dietary tryptophan decreases the impacts of seawater temperature changes on behavior and gut health of the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus.

Seawater temperature change is an important concern for seed production and pond culture of sea cucumbers. The present study found that tentacle activity frequency was significantly lower in sea cucumbers exposed to continuous and rapid temperature increases than that of those at ambient temperature. Feeding behavior directly determines food intake, and further affects physiology and growth efficiency of sea cucumbers.

Behavior, intestinal health, and growth of small sea cucumbers Apostichopus japonicus in different color morphs.

Selecting high-quality seeds with long-term advantages in behavior, intestinal health, and growth are the key to improve production efficiency of sea cucumber aquaculture. It is proposed to distinguish the seed quality of sea cucumbers by color morphs. In the present study, we carried out a 6-week experiment to investigate behavior, intestinal health, and growth of small sea cucumbers Apostichopus japonicus in different color morphs.

Swing Regulates Movement Direction in the Sea Cucumber in the Presence of Food Cue: New Insights into Movement Patterns.

Regulating movement direction is essential in the locomotion of animals. Sea cucumbers, as eyeless animals, do not have eyes for the perception of the surrounding environment and food. They have a unique way of swinging their bodies when a food cue is detected, although they lack an important perceptual tool.

Bacillus licheniformis reduces mortality, improves symptoms, and controls residual pathogenicity in juvenile sea cucumbers Apostichopus japonicus infected with skin ulceration syndrome.

Mass mortality caused by skin ulceration syndrome (SUS) is the bottle-neck for the sustainable aquaculture of the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. In the present study, probiotic Bacillus licheniformis (0.25 × 10 CFU/g) was used as the treatment for A.

Effects of circadian rhythm on behavior and physiology of the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus.

The present study investigated the behavioral and physiological responses to the circadian rhythm in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. We found that righting behavior of sea cucumbers was significantly faster at night than that in daytime (P < 0.001).