Galanin regulates M1/M2 polarization of microglia after spinal cord injury through TRPV1/Ca2+/CaMKII/NRF2 signaling pathway.

Medicine strategies focused on reducing secondary injury and delaying spinal cord injury (SCI) progression by targeting M1 microglial polarization remain uncommon. Galanin (GAL), a neuroendocrine peptide, is encoded by the GAL gene. In this study, we demonstrated that administration of recombinant human GAL peptides in a mouse model of SCI significantly elevated transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) receptor expression at the injury site through GALR2, substantially alleviating inflammation during the early stages post-injury.

Efficacy of laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer in older patients and its effects on inflammatory factors.

Background: Currently, open surgery for colorectal cancer (CRC) exhibits certain therapeutic efficacy; however, it may also hinder postoperative recovery in patients. Therefore, more advanced surgical methods are required to ensure smoother postoperative recovery.

Aim: To analyze the efficacy of laparoscopic radical resection of CRC (LRRCC) in treating older patients with CRC and the effect of this procedure on inflammatory factors.

FGF20 promotes spinal cord injury repair by inhibiting the formation of necrotic corpuscle P-MLKL/P-RIP1/P-RIP3 in neurons.

The disruption of the local microenvironment subsequent to spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to a substantial loss of neurons in the affected region, which is a major contributing factor to impaired motor function recovery in patients. Fibroblast growth factor 20 (FGF20) is a neurotrophic factor that plays a crucial role in neuronal development and homeostasis. In this study, the recombinant human FGF20 (rhFGF20) was found to mitigate the process of necroptosis in a mouse model of SCI, thereby reducing neural functional deficits and promoting SCI repair.

Risk of incident type 2 diabetes in male NAFLD and NAFLD-free smokers: a 7-year post-cessation study.

Background: We aimed to investigate the post-cessation T2DM risk in male NAFLD and NAFLD-free smokers in a 7-year cohort study.

Methods: The study population was male adults who underwent annual health checkups in a 7-year cohort study. Recent quitters were categorized into four groups based on their weight gain during follow-up: < 0 kg, 0-1.

Clinical outcome of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: an 11-year follow-up study.

Objectives: To clarify non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) prevalence, risk factors and clinical outcome in an exemplary Chinese population, a cohort of company employees was followed up for 11 years.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Between 2006 and 2016 in Ning bo, China.

Fine-grained assessment of greenspace satisfaction at regional scale using content analysis of social media and machine learning.

Assessing perceptions of green spaces is of considerable interest to developers aiming for sustainable urbanization. However, there are numerous challenges facing the development of a rapid, effective, and fine-grained method to assess large-scale greenspace perception. Survey-based studies of perception yielded detailed assessments of green spaces but lacked regional comparisons.

Light-to-Moderate Alcohol Consumption Is Associated With Increased Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Individuals With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Nine-Year Cohort Study.

Objective: This study explored the association between light-to-moderate alcohol consumption (LMAC) and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in individuals with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Methods: A 9-year cohort study was performed among Chinese men who underwent their annual health checkups between 2009 and 2018. NAFLD was diagnosed based on abdominal ultrasound with exclusion of excess alcohol intake and other causes of liver disease.

HbA1c may contribute to the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease even at normal-range levels.

Previous clinical studies highlighted nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as a hepatic facet of metabolic syndrome, which progresses toward Type 2 diabetes along with an elevation of HbA1c in the blood. Longitudinal observations were performed in a cohort of 2811 participants with no liver disease at inception. The rate of the conversion into NAFLD was 15.

Long Noncoding RNA GM16343 Promotes IL-36β to Regulate Tumor Microenvironment by CD8T cells.

Objective: To investigate the effect of long noncoding RNA GM16343 on interleukin 36β promotion of CD8T cells in tumor microenvironment regulation.

Methods: The differentially expressed long noncoding RNA in interleukin 36β-stimulated mouse CD8T cells was screened by gene chip technology, and the significant differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs were verified by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The lentiviral vector that overexpresses or knockdown GM16343 was constructed, transfected into CD8T cells, and stimulated with interleukin 36β, and the amount of interferon γ secreted was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Stable Subloop Behavior in Ferroelectric Si-Doped HfO.

The recent demand for analogue devices for neuromorphic applications requires modulation of multiple nonvolatile states. Ferroelectricity with multiple polarization states enables neuromorphic applications with various architectures. However, deterministic control of ferroelectric polarization states with conventional ferroelectric materials has been met with accessibility issues.

Acid-Catalyzed Versus Thermally Induced C1-C1' Bond Cleavage in 1,1'-Bi-2-naphthol: An Experimental and Theoretical Study.

Experiments show that 1,1'-bi-2-naphthol (BINOL) undergoes facile C1-C1' bond cleavage under action of triflic acid at temperatures above 0 °C to give mainly 2-naphthol along with oligomeric material. CASSCF and MRMP//CASSCF computations have demonstrated unambiguously that this unusual mode of scission of the biaryl bond can occur in the C1,C1'-diprotonated form of BINOL via a mechanism involving homolytic cleavage prompted by the intramolecular electrostatic repulsion. These findings also provide insights into the mechanism of a comparatively easy thermal cleavage of BINOL, implying the intermediacy of its neutral diketo form.

High expression of TRIM36 is associated with radiosensitivity in gastric cancer.

Radiotherapy is one of the main adjuvant treatments for gastric cancer (GC) that can effectively reduce local recurrence and improve survival rates. However, radiotherapy may result in cytotoxicity and not benefit all patients. This highlights the requirement for identifying potential radiosensitivity genes in GC.

Mechanistic investigation of superelectrophilic activation of 1,1'-bi-2-naphthols in the presence of aluminum halides.

7,7'-Dihydroxy-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol, as a result of superelectrophilic activation in the presence of an excess of aluminum halides, reacts with cyclohexane and benzene to yield 5,6,7,8,5',6',7',8'-octahydro-7,7'-dioxo-bi-2-naphthol and its 5,5'-diphenyl derivative, respectively. In contrast, isomeric 6,6'-dihydroxy-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol does not react at all under the same reaction conditions, while the parent 1,1'-bi-2-naphthol (BINOL) reveals an alternative mode of behavior. The mechanistic aspects of these intriguing results are discussed on the basis of experimental and theoretical (DFT) study of the protonation and complexation properties of the starting BINOLs.

Evaluation of platelet distribution width in hypertension with hyperhomocysteinemia.

An increased platelet distribution width (PDW) value has been found in various cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between the PDW and hypertension with hyperhomocysteinemia in an elderly cohort. We performed a cross-sectional analysis among 2,685 elderly individuals who underwent hematological testing and blood pressure assessment.

Helicobacter pylori infection associated with an increased risk of colorectal adenomatous polyps in the Chinese population.

Background: Gastric Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is linked with chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric malignancy. This study aims to investigate the association of gastric H.

Ferroelectric Polarization-Switching Dynamics and Wake-Up Effect in Si-Doped HfO.

The ferroelectricity in ultrathin HfO offers a viable alternative to ferroelectric memory. A reliable switching behavior is required for commercial applications; however, many intriguing features of this material have not been resolved. Herein, we report an increase in the remnant polarization after electric field cycling, known as the "wake-up" effect, in terms of the change in the polarization-switching dynamics of a Si-doped HfO thin film.

Superelectrophilic activation of 1-nitronaphthalene in the presence of aluminum chloride. Reactions with benzene and cyclohexane.

1-Nitronaphthalene smoothly reacts with benzene and undergoes selective reduction with cyclohexane in the presence of aluminum chloride to give 2,4,4-triphenyl-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one oxime and 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1-naphthylamine, respectively. The mechanistic aspects of these and related reactions are discussed on the basis of DFT, providing insight into the protonation behavior of 1-nitronaphthalene coordinated to AlCl3.

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Is Associated with Increased Atrial Fibrillation Risk in an Elderly Chinese Population: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Atrial fibrillation and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease are two pathological conditions that are highly prevalent worldwide and share multiple CVD risk factors. There are rare researches performed among elderly adults.

Aims: We conducted this cross-sectional analysis of elderly adults (≥65 years) to investigate the association between atrial fibrillation and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Association between mean platelet volume and hypertension incidence.

Mean platelet volume (MPV) is increased in various cardiovascular diseases. We sought to determine the prognostic value of MPV for hypertension. We performed a retrospective cohort study.

Possible association between Helicobacter pylori infection and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Possible association between Helicobacter pylori infection (HPI) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been proposed by several studies with inconsistent conclusions. Here, we studied the association between HPI and NAFLD at 3 levels: (i) genetic level; (ii) small molecular level; and (iii) clinical level. Relation data between diseases, genes, and small molecules were acquired from Pathway Studio ResNet Mammalian database.

Protonation Behavior of 1,1'-Bi-2-naphthol and Insights into Its Acid-Catalyzed Atropisomerization.

The behavior of 1,1'-bi-2-naphthol (BINOL) in variety of (super)acid media has been studied by NMR. The results are combined with the theoretical (DFT) study of the role of mono- and diprotonated forms of BINOL in the acid-catalyzed atropisomerization of this compound. It is demonstrated that the process of enantiomeric configuration exchange proceeds mainly via internal rotation around the C1(sp)-C1'(sp) bond in intermediates such as C1-monoprotonated keto or C1,C1'-diprotonated forms of BINOL, depending on the acidity level.

Influence of Step Geometry on the Reconstruction of Stepped Platinum Surfaces under Coadsorption of Ethylene and CO.

We demonstrate the critical role of the specific atomic arrangement at step sites in the restructuring processes of low-coordinated surface atoms at high adsorbate coverage. By using high-pressure scanning tunneling microscopy (HP-STM) and ambient-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AP-XPS), we have investigated the reconstruction of Pt(332) (with (111)-oriented triangular steps) and Pt(557) surfaces (with (100)-oriented square steps) in the mixture of CO and C2H4 in the Torr pressure range at room temperature. CO creates Pt clusters at the step edges on both surfaces, although the clusters have different shapes and densities.

Highly crystalline multimetallic nanoframes with three-dimensional electrocatalytic surfaces.

Control of structure at the atomic level can precisely and effectively tune catalytic properties of materials, enabling enhancement in both activity and durability. We synthesized a highly active and durable class of electrocatalysts by exploiting the structural evolution of platinum-nickel (Pt-Ni) bimetallic nanocrystals. The starting material, crystalline PtNi3 polyhedra, transforms in solution by interior erosion into Pt3Ni nanoframes with surfaces that offer three-dimensional molecular accessibility.

Structure and chemical state of the Pt(557) surface during hydrogen oxidation reaction studied by in situ scanning tunneling microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

The surface structure of Pt(557) during the catalytic oxidation of hydrogen was studied with in situ scanning tunneling microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. At 298 K, the surface Pt oxide formed after exposing Pt(557) to approximately 1 Torr of O2 can be readily removed by H2, at H2 partial pressures below 50 mTorr. Water is detected as the product in the gas phase, which also coadsorbs with hydroxyl groups on the Pt(557) surface.

Prevalence and risk factors of gallbladder polypoid lesions in Chinese petrochemical employees.

Aim: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of polypoid lesions of the gallbladder (PLGs) in petrochemical employees in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China.

Methods: All active and retired employees aged 20-90 years (n = 11098) of a refinery and chemical plant in eastern China were requested to participate in a health survey. The participants were subjected to interview, physical examination, laboratory assessments and ultrasonography.