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7,7'-Dihydroxy-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol, as a result of superelectrophilic activation in the presence of an excess of aluminum halides, reacts with cyclohexane and benzene to yield 5,6,7,8,5',6',7',8'-octahydro-7,7'-dioxo-bi-2-naphthol and its 5,5'-diphenyl derivative, respectively. In contrast, isomeric 6,6'-dihydroxy-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol does not react at all under the same reaction conditions, while the parent 1,1'-bi-2-naphthol (BINOL) reveals an alternative mode of behavior. The mechanistic aspects of these intriguing results are discussed on the basis of experimental and theoretical (DFT) study of the protonation and complexation properties of the starting BINOLs.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ob00640k | DOI Listing |
Bioorg Chem
August 2025
Infochemistry Scientific Center, ITMO University, Saint-Petersburg 191002, Russia. Electronic address:
The reactions of tertiary mono- and di-phosphines-specifically methyldiphenylphosphine, 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane, and 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane-with the super-electrophilic heterocycle 5,7-dichloro-4,6-dinitrobenzofuroxane were investigated. These reactions proceeded via nucleophilic aromatic substitution of chlorine atoms and nitro groups on the benzene ring. The products of the reactions (phosphobetaine) were either monomeric or polymeric, depending on whether mono- or di-phosphines were used as reactants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcc Chem Res
July 2025
Center for Molecular Systems & Organic Devices (CMSOD), State Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (LoFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
ConspectusOrganic π-conjugated molecules and polymers have emerged as some of the most promising candidates of semiconductors for future information, intelligent technology, and smart manufacturing because of their unique properties such as structural diversity, flexibility, stretchability, ultrathinness, light weight, low-cost and large-area fabrication procedures, and excellent biocompatibility. However, several severe challenges remain, including inferior optical and electronic properties compared to inorganic materials, poor stability and lifespan, low yields in solution processing patterning techniques, inadequate mechanical endurance, and difficulties in multifunctionalization. Particularly, there are still no big breakthroughs in terms of the common and long-term challenges, such as flexible organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with printing procedures that could not be achieved at the calibration of commercialization, electrically pumped lasers that become the open global question, and organic integrated circuits and brain-like computing technologies at the conceptual stage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
June 2024
FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Arbuzova Str., 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia.
The electrophilic activation of various substrates via double or even triple protonation in superacidic media enables reactions with extremely weak nucleophiles. Despite the significant progress in this area, the utility of organophosphorus compounds as superelectrophiles still remains limited. Additionally, the most common superacids require a special care due to their high toxicity, exceptional corrosiveness and moisture sensitivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
June 2024
IC2MP UMR CNRS 7285, Université de Poitiers, 4 rue Michel, Brunet, 86073 Poitiers cedex 9, France.
The accumulation of chiral ammonium-oxocarbenium dications in superacid is evidenced by low-temperature NMR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis and confirmed by DFT calculations. Its potential for the diastereoselective remote hydrofunctionalization of non-activated alkene is also explored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemistry
July 2024
Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13 (D), D-81377, München.
The acid-activation of 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds plays a key role in a variety of electrophilic reactions, some of which are only accessible in superacidic media when a superelectrophilic dication is formed. To obtain structural and electronic information about these elusive species, the vicinal dication [C(OH)Me] is synthesized and characterized by Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Since this superelectrophile could not be stabilized in convenient superacids, the usage of liquid SO turned out to be crucial.
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