Molecular Structure Engineering of Graphitic Carbon Nitride for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution: Recent Advances and Perspectives.

Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution has emerged as a sustainable strategy to address the global energy crisis and environmental challenges. Among various photocatalysts, graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) has garnered significant attention due to its visible light responsiveness and tunable electronic structure. However, its intrinsic limitations, including rapid charge recombination and insufficient light harvesting capability, have hindered its practical applications.

Efficacy and Mechanism of Bazi Bushen Capsule on Skin Laxity: A Combination of Clinical and Network Pharmacology Study.

Purpose: This study aims to explore the mechanism of Bazi Bushen Capsule (BZBS) in treating skin laxity by combining network pharmacology and clinical research.

Methods: The active ingredients and potential drug targets of BZBS were obtained from TCMSP, TCMBANK, and SuperTCM databases. The potential disease targets of skin laxity were obtained from GeneCards, OMIM, and DisGeNET databases.

Clinical characteristics of MASLD/MetALD/MAFLD/NAFLD and the relative risk analysis on metabolic disorders.

Objectives: Our objective was to compare the clinical features of Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) /metabolic alcohol-related liver disease (MetALD)/metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD)/nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the relative risk analysis of metabolic disorders.

Methods: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for the 2017-2018 cycle was used to screen the participants. Multivariate-adjusted logistic regression models were applied to explore the difference in relative risk analysis between NAFLD/MAFLD/MASLD/MetALD and metabolic disorders.

Mechanism Decoding of an S-Scheme ZnInS/HWO Heterojunction with Favorable Surface Electronic Potential for Enhanced and Anti-Corrosion Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution.

The rational construction of heterojunction interfaces plays a critical role in enhancing the carrier separation efficiency for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. In this study, a ZnInS/HWO S-scheme heterojunction was successfully synthesized via a self-assembly strategy. Compared with conventional WO, the HWO component exhibits a lower work function, which significantly promotes surface electron overflow and establishes an optimized S-scheme charge transfer pathway.

Characterization of a novel zebrafish model of -associated Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4B3.

Biallelic loss of expression/function variants in cause the inherited peripheral neuropathy Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 4B3. There is an incomplete understanding of the disease pathomechanism(s) underlying Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 4B3, and despite its severe clinical presentation, currently no disease-modifying therapies. A key barrier to the study of Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 4B3 is the lack of pre-clinical models that recapitulate the clinical and pathologic features of the disease.

Cobalt-modified crystalline carbon nitride homojunction with enhanced interfacial charge separation for photocatalytic pure water splitting.

Photocatalytic hydrogen production in pure water without oxygen precipitation is highly effective owing to the minimal efficiency of water oxidation for oxygen generation and the complexity of the reaction, yet it presents a significant hurdle. Here, we report the preparation of crystalline carbon nitride (CCN) homojunction-anchored Co atoms using the molten salt and reflux method. Our findings indicate that elevated temperature during ionothermal synthesis promotes the phase transition of poly(heptazine) imides (PHI) to poly(triazine) imides (PTI), and the homogeneous junction formed in this process promotes exciton dissociation as well as carrier migration through the built-in electric field formed by the semi-coherent interface.

P-doped and cyano-modified carbon nitride nanotubes for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution coupled with bisphenol A degradation.

The integration of photocatalytic wastewater treatment with solar-driven hydrogen (H) evolution offers a clean and sustainable solution for wastewater treatment by simultaneously purifying wastewater and generating clean energy. Consequently, this method has garnered increasing attention. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) has been extensively used in photocatalysis, attributed to its abundant source and suitable bandgap.

Construction of a InO/ultrathin g-CN S-scheme heterojunction for sensitive photoelectrochemical aptasensing of diazinon.

A single semiconductor-based photoelectrochemical (PEC) aptasensor usually faces a challenge of low sensitivity due to poor solar energy utilization and a high photogenerated carrier recombination rate. Herein, an ultra-thin carbon nitride nanosheet-coated InO (InO/CNS) S-type heterojunction-based PEC aptasensor has been established to achieve highly sensitive detection of diazinon (DZN) pesticide in water environment. Construction of S-type heterojunction induces a band shift and an electric field effect, enhancing light utilization and accelerating directional transmission of carriers, leading to outstanding PEC performance.

METS-IR/HOMA-IR and MAFLD in U.S. adults: dose-response correlation and the effect mediated by physical activity.

Objectives: Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), a globally prevalent disease, is closely linked to insulin resistance (IR). Physical activity (PA) is closely linked to both MAFLD and IR. We aim to explore the dose-response relationship between metabolic score for IR (METS-IR)/homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) and MAFLD, and investigate the relationship between PA, IR and MAFLD.

Zinc hexacyanoferrate/g-CN nanocomposites with enhanced photothermal and photodynamic properties for rapid sterilization and wound healing.

Photoactivated therapy has gradually emerged as a promising and rapid method for combating bacteria, aimed at overcoming the emergence of drug-resistant strains resulting from the inappropriate use of antibiotics and the subsequent health risks. In this work, we report the facile fabrication of Zn[Fe(CN)]/g-CN nanocomposites (denoted as ZHF/g-CN) through the in-situ loading of zinc hexacyanoferrate nanospheres onto two-dimensional g-CN sheets using a simple metal-organic frameworks construction method. The ZHF/g-CN nanocomposite exhibits enhanced antibacterial activity through the synergistic combination of the excellent photothermal properties of ZHF and the photodynamic capabilities of g-CN.

Design of Self-Integrating Transient Surface Current Density Sensor Integrated Fiber Transmission Link.

The transient surface current density reflects the external coupling of the electromagnetic pulse (EMP) to the tested device. In this paper, the generation mechanism and measurement principle of conductor surface current density are introduced, and the surface current density distribution irradiated by EMP on a typical aircraft structure is simulated and analyzed. The traditional surface current density is usually measured by B-dot antenna, but its output signal is the differential of the measured signal, so additional integrators or numerical integration of the measured data are required.

Adjacent Mn site boosts photocatalytic hydrogen evolution of MnCdS solid solution through a dual-metal-site design.

CdS has emerged as a possible candidate for photocatalytic hydrogen generation. However, further improvement in the performance of the Cd metal site is challenging due to limited optimization space. To solve this limitation, in this work, the Mn-Cd dual-metal photocatalyst was synthesized by a one-step solvothermal method, and the effects of different proportions of bimetals on hydrogen production activity were systematically studied.

Electronic and energy level structural engineering of graphitic carbon nitride nanotubes with B and S co-doping for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

The ideal photocatalyst used for photocatalytic water splitting requires strong light absorption, fast charge separation/transfer ability and abundant active sites. Heteroatom doping offers a promising and rational approach to optimize the photocatalytic activity. However, achieving high photocatalytic performance remains challenging if just relying on single-element doping.

Prediction of MAFLD and NAFLD using different screening indexes: A cross-sectional study in U.S. adults.

Introduction: Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), has become the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. We aimed to explore the gender-related association between nine indexes (BMI/WC/VAI/LAP/WHtR/TyG/TyG-BMI/TyG-WC/TyG-WHtR) and MAFLD/NAFLD and examine their diagnostic utility for these conditions.

Methods: Eligible participants were screened from the 2017-2018 cycle data of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Engineering surface bromination in carbon nitride for efficient CO photoconversion to CH.

The direct conversion of CO into reusable CH fuel by solar energy can effectively solve the problems of energy crisis and carbon emissions. However, the challenge of photocatalytic CO reduction to produce CH is still low conversion efficiency and poor selectivity. Here, surface brominated carbon nitride (named CNBr) is fabricated for stable and efficient photocatalytic CO reduction to produce CH with a rate of 16.

Characterization of a novel zebrafish model of SPEG-related centronuclear myopathy.

Centronuclear myopathy (CNM) is a congenital neuromuscular disorder caused by pathogenic variation in genes associated with membrane trafficking and excitation-contraction coupling (ECC). Bi-allelic autosomal-recessive mutations in striated muscle enriched protein kinase (SPEG) account for a subset of CNM patients. Previous research has been limited by the perinatal lethality of constitutive Speg knockout mice.

Enhanced photoelectrochemical aptasensing triggered by nitrogen deficiency and cyano group simultaneously engineered 2D carbon nitride for sensitively monitoring atrazine.

Determination of atrazine (ATZ) residues in aquatic environment has important theoretical and practical significance for protecting the ecological environment and ensuring human health. A photoelectrochemical (PEC) aptasensing based on nitrogen deficiency and cyano group simultaneously engineered two-dimensional (2D) carbon nitride (named as DCN) has been proposed for sensitively detecting ATZ. The introduction of nitrogen deficiency can narrow band gap of DCN, leading to positive position of intermediate electronic state, and improving the absorption of visible light.

Crystal phase engineering boosted photo-electrochemical kinetics of CoSe for oxygen evolution catalysis.

Crystal phase is an important parameter that can determine the electronic structure and catalytic properties of catalysts. In this work, we report the crystal phase dependent photo- and electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance of CoSe. In electrocatalytic reaction, we firstly found that CoSe with orthorhombic phase (o-CoSe) showed a higher OER performance than that of CoSe with cubic phase (c-CoSe).

Thickness measurement method for self-supporting film with double chromatic confocal probes.

With the randomness and immeasurability properties of zero point, the conventional self-supporting film thickness measurement model must calibrate the distance between two chromatic confocal sensors using a standard part whose thickness needs to be measured by other methods in advance. The measurement performance is easily disturbed by the calibration process, and by the accuracy of sample thickness or its uniformity. In order to overcome these limitations, a new thickness measurement model was developed by adding an auxiliary transparent film in the initial position of the dispersion field.

Ultrathin structure of oxygen doped carbon nitride for efficient COphotocatalytic reduction.

Photocatalytic conversion of carbon dioxide into fuels and valuable chemicals is a promising method for carbon neutralization and solving environmental problems. Through a simple thermal-oxidative exfoliation method, the O element was doped while exfoliated bulk g-CNinto ultrathin structure g-CN. Benefitting from the ultrathin structure of g-CN, the larger surface area and shorter electrons migration distance effectively improve the COreduction efficiency.

Unique Dual-Sites Boosting Overall CO Photoconversion by Hierarchical Electron Harvesters.

Low selectivity and poor activity of photocatalytic CO reduction process are usually limiting factors for its applicability. Herein, a hierarchical electron harvesting system is designed on CoNiP hollow nano-millefeuille (CoNiP NH), which enables the charge enrichment on CoNi dual active sites and selective conversion of CO to CH . The CoNiP serves as an electron harvester and photonic "black hole" accelerating the kinetics for CO -catalyzed reactions.

Adaptive modal decomposition based overlapping-peaks extraction for thickness measurement in chromatic confocal microscopy.

Accurate overlapping-peaks extraction plays a critical role in chromatic confocal thickness measurement of ultra-thin transparent film. However, the current algorithms usually appear as a perceptible extraction error resulting from the disturbing influence among peaks in the process of fitting the spectral axial response signal (sARS) of the two measuring surfaces. In this paper, we propose an adaptive modal decomposition method to extract multi peaks for the ultra-thin materials.