The molecular pathogenesis of SOX2 in prostate cancer.

SOX2 is one of the members of the SOX transcription factor family, which is believed to be an important transcription factor that plays a role in embryonic development, maintenance of stem cells, cancer progression, and resistance to cancer treatment. There is increasing evidence suggesting that SOX2 is crucial for the initiation, progression, invasion, metastasis, and treatment resistance of prostate cancer, therefore understanding the mechanism of SOX2 in prostate cancer can provide better targets for the treatment of prostate cancer. This article reviews the structural domains, normal physiological functions, and role in prostate cancer progression of SOX2, providing potential targets for prostate cancer treatment.

Bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2: Tumor biology, signaling pathway and therapeutic targeting (Review).

Bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 (BST2) is a type II transmembrane protein that serves critical roles in antiretroviral defense in the innate immune response. In addition, it has been suggested that BST2 is highly expressed in various types of human cancer and high BST2 expression is related to different clinicopathological parameters in cancer. The molecular mechanism underlying BST2 as a potential tumor biomarker in human solid tumors has been reported on; however, to the best of our knowledge, there has been no review published on the molecular mechanism of BST2 in human solid tumors.

Molecular pathogenesis, mechanism and therapy of Cav1 in prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer is the second incidence of malignant tumors in men worldwide. Its incidence and mortality are increasing year by year. Enhanced expression of Cav1 in prostate cancer has been linked to both proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells, influencing disease progression.

Renal arteriovenous malformation causing hematuria: Case report and review of the literature.

Rationale: Renal arteriovenous malformations are rare vascular morphological anomalies that can be classified as congenital, idiopathic and acquired, of which congenital renal arteriovenous malformations are the most common. This disease is a rare cause of hematuria. In this case report, we report the diagnosis and treatment of a patient with renal arteriovenous malformation.

Molecular mechanisms of syncytin-1 in tumors and placental development related diseases.

Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) have evolved from exogenous retroviruses and account for approximately 8% of the human genome. A growing number of findings suggest that the abnormal expression of HERV genes is associated with schizophrenia, multiple sclerosis, endometriosis, breast cancer, bladder cancer and other diseases. HERV-W env (syncytin-1) is a membrane glycoprotein which plays an important role in placental development.

Improved hydrogen evolution performance by engineering bimetallic AuPd loaded on amino and nitrogen functionalized mesoporous hollow carbon spheres.

A highly efficient heterogeneous catalyst was synthesized by delicate engineering of NH-functionalized and N-doped hollow mesoporous carbon spheres (NH-N-HMCS), which was used for supporting AuPd alloy nanoparticles with ultrafine size and good dispersion (denoted as AuPd/NH-N-HMCS). Without using any additives, the prepared AuPd/NH-N-HMCS catalytic formic acid dehydrogenation possesses superior catalytic activity with an initial turnover frequency value of 7747 mol H per mol catalyst per h at 298 K. The excellent performance of AuPd/NH-N-HMCS derives from the unique hollow mesoporous structure, the small particle sizes and high dispersion of AuPd nanoparticles and the modified Pd electronic structure in the AuPd/NH-N-HMCS composite, as well as the synergistic effect of the modified support.

High coercivity PrFeB magnetic nanoparticles by a mechanochemical method.

NdFeB nanoparticles are widely used because of their outstanding hard magnetic properties. In fact, PrFeB has higher magneto-crystalline anisotropy than NdFeB, which makes Pr-Fe-B a promising magnetic material. However, the chemical synthesis route to PrFeB nanoparticles is challenging because of the higher reduction potential of Pr, as well as the complex annealing conditions.

The Biocompatibility of Multi-Source Stem Cells and Gelatin-Carboxymethyl Chitosan-Sodium Alginate Hybrid Biomaterials.

Background: Nowadays, biological tissue engineering is a growing field of research. Biocompatibility is a key indicator for measuring tissue engineering biomaterials, which is of great significance for the replacement and repair of damaged tissues.

Methods: In this study, using gelatin, carboxymethyl chitosan, and sodium alginate, a tissue engineering material scaffold that can carry cells was successfully prepared.

Fascin Inhibitors Decrease Cell Migration and Adhesion While Increase Overall Survival of Mice Bearing Bladder Cancers.

Bladder cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. Early stage bladder tumors can be surgically removed, but these patients usually have relapses. When bladder cancer becomes metastatic, survival is very low.

The synergetic effect of a structure-engineered mesoporous SiO-ZnO composite for doxycycline adsorption.

The design and synthesis of an efficient adsorbent for antibiotics-based pollutants is challenging due to the unique physicochemical properties of antibiotics. The development of a mesoporous SiO-ZnO composite is a novel way to achieve excellent adsorption efficiency for doxycycline hydrochloride (DOX) in aqueous solutions due to the engineered highly open mesoporous structure and the ZnO-modified framework. Unlike the traditional method of obtaining mesoporous composites by post-synthesis techniques, the novel one-step method developed in this study is both effective and environment-friendly.

Ureter tissue engineering with vessel extracellular matrix and differentiated urine-derived stem cells.

Objective: To assess the possibility of ureter tissue engineering using vessel extracellular matrix (VECM) and differentiated urine-derived stem cells (USCs) in a rabbit model.

Methods: VECM was prepared by a modified technique. USCs were isolated from human urine samples and cultured with an induction medium for the differentiation of the cells into urothelium and smooth muscle phenotypes.

A facile route to magnetic mesoporous core-shell structured silicas containing covalently bound cyclodextrins for the removal of the antibiotic doxycycline from water.

The excessive use of antibiotics has led to various environmental problems; the control and separation of these antibiotics are important in environmental science. Herein, a novel mesoporous nanocomposite, FeO@SiO@mSiO-CD, has been synthesized for the removal of antibiotic compounds from aqueous media. The well-designed nanocomposite is composed of β-cyclodextrin functionalized surfaces, ordered mesoporous silica shells with large radially oriented mesopores, and nonporous silica-coated magnetic cores (FeO).

Comparison of intrafascial and non-intrafascial radical prostatectomy for low risk localized prostate cancer.

In this meta-analysis study, we compared the oncological and functional outcomes of intrafascial radical prostatectomy (IFRP) with non-intrafascial radical prostatectomy (NIFRP) in the treatment of patients with low risk localized prostate cancer (PCa). Relevant articles were identified by searching PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Ovid, and the ISI Web of Knowledge databases. A total of 2096 patients were included from 7 eligible studies.

Effect of ERβ-regulated ERK1/2 signaling on biological behaviors of prostate cancer cells.

Estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) plays a role in prostate carcinogenesis. In this study, we investigated the effects of ERβ gene silencing in PC3 androgen-independent prostate cancer cells. PC3 cells were transfected with vector alone, scrambled shRNA vector, vector encoding ERβ-targeting shRNA (shERβ), or shERβ followed by addition of PD98059, a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor (shERβ+PD98059).

Differentiate into urothelium and smooth muscle cells from adipose tissue-derived stem cells for ureter reconstruction in a rabbit model.

Ureter reconstruction is still a tough task for urologist. Cell-based tissue engineering serves a better technique for patients with long segments of ureter defect who need ureter reconstruction. In this study, we sought to evaluate the differentiation potential of adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) into urothelial lineage and smooth muscle lineage and to assess the possibility of ureter reconstruction using differentiated cells seeded vessel extracellular matrix (VECM) in a rabbit model.

Antioxidative mechanism of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides promotes repair and regeneration following cavernous nerve injury.

Polysaccharides extracted from Lycium barbarum exhibit antioxidant properties. We hypothesized that these polysaccharides resist oxidative stress-induced neuronal damage following cavernous nerve injury. In this study, rat models were intragastrically administered Lycium barbarum polysaccharides for 2 weeks at 1, 7, and 14 days after cavernous nerve injury.

One-pot synthesis of ordered mesoporous silver nanoparticle/carbon composites for catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol.

Ordered mesoporous silver nanoparticle/carbon composites have been produced by a "one-pot" synthesis method. They have open mesopores (4.2-5.

The role of human endogenous retroviral long terminal repeat sequences in human cancer (Review).

Human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) and solitary long terminal repeats (LTRs) constitute 8% of the human genome. Although most HERV genes are partially deleted and not intact, HERV LTRs comprise features including promoters, enhancers, selective splicer sites and polyadenylation sites in order to regulate the expression of neighboring genes. Owing to the genetic instability of LTRs, their wide distributions along human chromosomes are not only non-random, but are also correlated with gene density.

Differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells promotes regeneration of smooth muscle for ureteral tissue engineering.

Background: The purpose of the present study was to assess the differentiation potential of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) into smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and their potential for promoting regeneration of smooth muscle for ureteral tissue engineering.

Methods: ASCs were isolated, proliferated, and identified in vitro. SMC differentiation was induced using SMC induction medium.

Intensive laparoscopic training shortens the learning curve of laparoscopic suturing in surgical postgraduate students: feasible or not?

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of intensive laparoscopic training shortening the learning curve of laparoscopic suturing in surgical postgraduate students.

Materials And Methods: Eighty-seven surgical postgraduate students participated in this study, including novice (N), junior (JR), and senior (SR) trainees. The N trainees were divided into novice control (NC) and novice experimental (NE) groups.