RNA Acylation Method via a DNA-Templated Acyl Transfer Reaction.

We report a RNA acylation strategy, namely, DNA-templated PNA-based RNA acylation, involving a DNA template and a peptide nucleic acid (PNA) strand. The DNA template is designed to hybridize with the accepting RNA and the donating PNA, so that the acyl group on the PNA is transferred to the 3'-end ribose hydroxyl group of the accepting RNA. This PNA system will provide a simple route for RNA acylation.

Pregnane Steroids From the Whole Herb of Pachysandra terminalis and Their Cytotoxic Activity.

Four new pregnane steroids, terminalones A-D (1-4), were obtained from the whole herb of Pachysandra terminalis Sieb. et Zucc (Buxaceae). The structures were determined by various spectral techniques.

Targeting epithelial-mesenchymal transition: breviscapine, a promising natural product in cancer and organ fibrosis treatment.

In recent years, more and more studies have shown that breviscapine and its main active component scutellarin can play an inhibitory role in EMT of different types of tumors and organs, thus interfering with the malignant process of tumor and organ fibrosis. Based on Web of Science, PubMed and CNKI databases, this paper comprehensively reviewed the and research results of breviscapine targeting EMT against tumor and organ fibrosis, including the regulation of EMT-related signaling pathways, in order to provide reference for further research and clinical application of breviscapine in the treatment of related diseases.

Molecular Identification and Survey of and in Cattle in Shanxi Province, North China.

Several trichomonad species have already been reported from cattle, including and . However, there is currently a lack of information concerning the prevalence of trichomonad species in cattle in Shanxi Province, North China. In this study, 761 fecal samples from cattle across three counties in Shanxi Province, namely Qi, Jishan, and Shanyin, were examined for the presence of and DNA through a nested PCR assay targeting a specific segment of the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene.

Configurable antiferromagnetic domains and lateral exchange bias in atomically thin CrPS.

Interfacial exchange coupling between antiferromagnets (AFMs) and ferromagnets (FMs) crucially makes it possible to shift the FM hysteresis, known as exchange bias, and to switch AFM states. Two-dimensional magnets unlock opportunities to combine AFM and FM materials; however, the buried AFM-FM interfaces obtained by stacking remains challenging to understand. Here we demonstrate interfacial control via intralayer exchange coupling in the layered AFM CrPS, where connected even and odd layers realize pristine lateral interfaces between AFM-like and FM-like regions.

Geomimetic Thermosynthesis in Heterogeneous Structural Complexes of In Situ Growing Imine-Based COF on MXene for Enhanced Sodium Ion Storage.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have gained significant attention as next-generation electrode materials for energy storage, owing to their chemical versatility, ecofriendliness, and cost-effectiveness. However, their practical application in energy storage systems is hindered by challenges such as insufficient exposure of functional groups for sodium storage and poor ion/electron transport kinetics. In this work, we developed an organic-inorganic heterojunction structure by in situ growth of an imine-based COF on the surface of MXene, which was employed as an anode material for sodium-ion batteries.

Employing Broad Substrate Specificity of Omniligase to Generate Phage-Encoded Bicyclic Peptide Libraries for Ligand Discovery.

We report an enzymatic cyclization strategy termed omniligase-mediated peptide bicyclization. An electrophilic group was introduced into the recognition sequence of omniligase to achieve intramolecular bicyclization with Cys residues. In combination with phage display, we identified a bicyclic peptide ligand targeting TEAD4 with a value of 1.

The PP2CH- and PBL27-mediated phosphorylation switch of aluminium ion receptor PSKR1/ALR1 controls plant aluminum sensing ability.

The ability of plants to sense toxic and nutrient ions is critical for their growth and survival, yet how this ability is regulated remains largely unknown. We previously identified the receptor-like kinase PSKR1/ALR1 (ALR1) in Arabidopsis as a receptor that senses phytotoxic aluminium (Al) ions, which cause severe crop yield loss and forest decline on acidic soils widely distributed over the world. Here we further show that the phosphorylation status of specific Ser residues in ALR1(Ser696/698) controls plant Al-sensing ability.

Analyzing corneal biomechanical response in orthokeratology with differing back optic zone diameter: A comparative finite element study.

Purpose: To investigate the impact of orthokeratology (ortho-k) lenses with different back optic zone diameter (BOZD) on the biomechanical response of the cornea, focusing on contact pressure, displacement, and stress distribution.

Method: Finite element models were developed to simulate varying corneal curvatures (39.0D, 42.

Homogeneous Fermionic Hubbard Gases in a Flattop Optical Lattice.

Fermionic atoms in a large-scale, homogeneous optical lattice provide an ideal quantum simulator for investigating the fermionic Hubbard model, yet achieving this remains challenging. Here, by developing a hybrid potential that integrates a flat-top optical lattice with an optical box trap, we successfully realize the creation of three-dimensional, homogeneous fermionic Hubbard gases across approximately 8×10^{5} lattice sites. This homogeneous system enables us to capture a well-defined energy band occupation that aligns perfectly with the theoretical calculations for a zero-temperature, ideal fermionic Hubbard model.

Transcriptome-wide mapping of internal mRNA N-methylguanosine in sporulated and unsporulated oocysts of Eimeria tenella reveals stage-specific signatures.

Background: Growing evidence indicates that N-methylguanosine (mG) modification plays critical roles in epigenetic regulation. However, no data regarding mG modification are currently available in Eimeria tenella, a highly virulent species causing coccidiosis in chickens.

Methods: In the present study, we explore the distribution of internal messenger RNA (mRNA) mG modification in sporulated and unsporulated oocysts of E.

Synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon dot/tin disulfide nanosheet composite electro-catalysts for dye-sensitized solar cells.

Nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) and vertically-grown tin disulfide (SnS) nanosheets are synthesized via hydrothermal method and chemical vapor deposition technique, respectively. The SnSnanosheets are directly fabricated on flexible carbon cloth (CC), and then their basal planes are decorated with N-CDs. The as-prepared composite electrodes are used as the counter electrode for the application in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs).

Generation of antibody-drug conjugates by proximity-driven acyl transfer and sortase-mediated ligation.

We report a sortase-based site-specific antibody-drug conjugation strategy, which involves an affinity peptide-directed acyl transfer reaction and sortase-mediated peptide ligation. Through the affinity peptide-mediated acyl transfer reaction, an LPXTG-containing peptide is conjugated to a specific Lys side chain of an antibody. Under the assistance of sortase, a protein drug bearing a GG motif reacts specifically with the LPXTG moiety to produce an antibody-drug conjugate.

Regulating the Spin-State of Cobalt in Three-Dimensional Covalent Organic Frameworks for High-Performance Sodium-Iodine Rechargeable Batteries.

Although the catalytic activity is heavily reliant on the electronic structure of the catalyst, understanding the impact of electron spin regulation on electrocatalytic performance is still rarely investigated. This work presents a novel approach involving the single-atom coordination of cobalt (Co) within metalloporphyrin-based three-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (3D-COFs) to facilitate the catalytic conversion for sodium-iodine batteries. The spin state of Co is modulated by altering the oxidation state of the porphyrin-centered Co, achieving optimal catalysis for iodine reduction.

Thiazolidine Deprotection Using an Organic Solvent Extractable Aldehyde Scavenger for One-Pot Four-Segment Ligation.

We report a simple and convenient N-terminal thiazolidine (Thz) deprotection strategy and its application in one-pot multisegment ligation. In this strategy, -benzylhydroxylamine (O-BHA) is used to efficiently and rapidly convert Thz into N-terminal cysteine. O-BHA can be easily separated from the ligation buffer by organic solvent extraction, avoiding the degradation of the peptide thioester by O-BHA.

Substrate specificity of a branch of aromatic dioxygenases determined by three distinct motifs.

The inversion of substrate size specificity is an evolutionary roadblock for proteins. The Duf4243 dioxygenases GedK and BTG13 are known to catalyze the aromatic cleavage of bulky tricyclic hydroquinone. In this study, we discover a Duf4243 dioxygenase PaD that favors small monocyclic hydroquinones from the penicillic-acid biosynthetic pathway.

Erbin alleviates sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy by inhibiting RIPK1-dependent necroptosis through activating PKA/CREB pathway.

Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory disease that can cause multiple organ damage. Septic patients with cardiac dysfunction have a significantly higher mortality. Based on the results of bioinformatics analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), we found that Erbin is vital in cardiomyocyte.

High adsorption to methylene blue based on FeO-N-banana-peel biomass charcoal.

This research focused on utilizing banana peel as the primary material for producing mesoporous biomass charcoal through one-step potassium hydroxide activation. Subsequently, the biomass charcoal underwent high-temperature calcination with varying impregnation ratios of KOH : BC for different durations in tubular furnaces set at different temperatures. The resultant biomass charcoal was then subjected to hydrothermal treatment with FeCl·6HO to produce biochar/iron oxide composites.

Alendronate sodium induces G1 phase arrest and apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells by inhibiting ROS-mediated ERK1/2 signaling.

Bisphosphonates are potent bone resorption inhibitors, among which alendronate sodium (ALN) is commonly prescribed for most osteoporosis patients, but long-term application of ALN can cause bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of jaw (BRONJ), the pathogenesis of which remains unclear. Previous studies have suggested that bisphosphonates cause jaw ischemia by affecting the biological behavior of vascular endothelial cells, leading to BRONJ. However, the impacts of ALN on vascular endothelial cells and its mechanism remain unclear.

Preparation of Pt and bamboo charcoal co-modified TiO for formaldehyde sensing at room temperature.

Anatase TiO has evolved into one of the most attractive materials for gas sensing owing to its strong oxidation activity and excellent sensing properties. In this study, we prepared Pt and bamboo charcoal co-modified nano-TiO using a one-pot hydrothermal process and applied it to detect formaldehyde. The successful incorporation of the precious metal Pt and bamboo charcoal onto TiO was confirmed by scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometer, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

Regulatory factors of Nrf2 in age-related macular degeneration pathogenesis.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a complicated disease that causes irreversible visual impairment. Increasing evidences pointed retinal pigment epithelia (RPE) cells as the decisive cell involved in the progress of AMD, and the function of anti-oxidant capacity of PRE plays a fundamental physiological role. Nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a significant transcription factor in the cellular anti-oxidant system as it regulates the expression of multiple anti-oxidative genes.

Pituitary-derived small extracellular vesicles promote liver repair by its cargo miR-143-3p.

The small Extracellular vesicles (sEV) has been recognized to be significant for intercellular communication due to their ability to transfer important cellular cargoes like miRNAs through circulation. The pituitary gland has not been clearly known about the role of its secreted sEV under normal physiological conditions. And Liver disease is a global public health burden.

Antiferromagnetic phase transition in a 3D fermionic Hubbard model.

The fermionic Hubbard model (FHM) describes a wide range of physical phenomena resulting from strong electron-electron correlations, including conjectured mechanisms for unconventional superconductivity. Resolving its low-temperature physics is, however, challenging theoretically or numerically. Ultracold fermions in optical lattices provide a clean and well-controlled platform offering a path to simulate the FHM.

Astragaloside IV promotes cerebral tissue restoration through activating AMPK- mediated microglia polarization in ischemic stroke rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Astragaloside IV (AS), a key active ingredient obtained from Chinese herb Astragalus mongholicus Bunge, exerts potent neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects for treating neurodegenerative diseases. However, mechanisms of AS on improvement of ischemic brain tissue repair remain unclear.

Aim Of The Study: This research aims at using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to noninvasively determine whether AS facilitates brain tissue repair, and investigating whether AS exerts brain remodeling through adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) metabolic signaling regulating key glycolytic enzymes and energy transporters, thereby impacting microglia polarization.