Leveraging the influenza sentinel surveillance platform for SARS-CoV-2 monitoring in Bangladesh (2020-2024): a prospective sentinel surveillance study.

Background: There is limited global evidence on whether influenza sentinel surveillance platforms can be effectively adapted for long-term SARS-CoV-2 monitoring in low-resource contexts. We explored the utility of the hospital-based influenza sentinel surveillance (HBIS) platform for monitoring SARS-CoV-2 in Bangladesh by comparing SARS-CoV-2 detection in HBIS platform with national COVID-19 platform and assessing how its integration into influenza surveillance aligns with national trends.

Methods: From March 2020 to December 2024, we analysed data from patients with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) and influenza-like illness (ILI) enrolled in HBIS.

Multicompartmental monitoring and associated health risks estimation of some selected pesticides in the aquatic ecosystems of Sungai Besar, Sekinchan, Malaysia.

The use of pesticides for crop production leads to environmental contamination, adversely affecting water and sediment quality, as well as the health of the entire aquatic ecosystem; all of these pose serious public health concerns. Sungai Besar, Sekinchan, a key rice-producing area in Malaysia, has a notable agricultural history. Despite the widespread use of different pesticides, data on organochlorine residues in fish, water, and sediment are lacking.

Overexpressed MicroRNA-455-3p enhances cognitive function in late-onset Alzheimer's disease.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as key regulators of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). miR-455-3p has been implicated in neuronal function, yet its role in cognition, motor function, and behavioral responses, in relation to AD remains unexplored. This study investigates the effects of miR-455-3p overexpression and knockout in late-onset humanized Amyloid beta (hAbKI) mouse model.

Enhancing cadmium stress resilience in rice seedlings via Bacillus pseudomycoides: modulation of heavy metal transporters and physiological responses for sustainable agriculture.

Heavy metal contamination, particularly cadmium pollution, is a critical environmental concern that poses a serious threat to sustainable agriculture. Our study examined the impact of Bacillus pseudomycoides (Bp) on enhancing rice seedling growth, metabolism, stress tolerance, and reducing cadmium accumulation, with potential applications for mitigating heavy metal toxicity and promoting sustainable agriculture. A 50-min seed inoculation with Bp resulted in the greatest enhancements in seed emergence rate, seedling vigor, germination capability, plant stature, dry weight, and relative water content.

Configurable antiferromagnetic domains and lateral exchange bias in atomically thin CrPS.

Interfacial exchange coupling between antiferromagnets (AFMs) and ferromagnets (FMs) crucially makes it possible to shift the FM hysteresis, known as exchange bias, and to switch AFM states. Two-dimensional magnets unlock opportunities to combine AFM and FM materials; however, the buried AFM-FM interfaces obtained by stacking remains challenging to understand. Here we demonstrate interfacial control via intralayer exchange coupling in the layered AFM CrPS, where connected even and odd layers realize pristine lateral interfaces between AFM-like and FM-like regions.

Addressing influenza in Bangladesh: closing evidence and policy gaps with strategic interventions.

Since the establishment of the National Influenza Surveillance Program in 2007, Bangladesh has significantly progressed in monitoring influenza through national and international collaboration. However, this collaboration has not been translated into actionable control policies, which coupled with low vaccination coverage, impose a substantial health and economic burden in Bangladesh. Critical gaps remain in understanding the influenza burden among high-risk populations and the barriers influencing their vaccine uptake.

Potential Biological Impacts of Microplastics and Nanoplastics on Farm Animals: Global Perspectives with Insights from Bangladesh.

Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs), formed through the degradation of larger plastic materials, are emerging pollutants of significant concern. While their impact on aquatic ecosystems is well documented, their effects on terrestrial, especially farm animals remain underexplored. This review assesses the potential threats of MPs and NPs to Bangladesh's livestock sector by analyzing the results of experimental models and environmental studies.

Draft whole-genome sequence of multidrug-resistant strain MKL_BAU_Fe01 isolated from chicken meat.

We report the draft genome sequence of MKL_BAU_Fe01 from chicken meat in Bangladesh. The 2,953,746 bp genome, with 37.99% GC content across 264 contigs, contains 3,117 genes, including 3,007 Coding Sequences (CDSs), 17 rRNAs, and 89 tRNAs, along with several antibiotic resistance and pathogenic genes.

The Bangladesh road traffic sign dataset in real-world images for traffic sign recognition.

Traffic sign detection and classification have significant impacts in the field of automated driving system, traffic management, driver assistance system, to detect traffic rules violations etc. In this paper, we have presented the Bangladesh road traffic sign benchmark dataset, which consists of 10259 real-world traffic sign images captured from various locations in Bangladesh and 10259 annotated images. A Total of 31 distinct traffic sign images were collected including Crossroad, Emergency Stopping, Sharp left turn.

Impact of diet and exercise on mitochondrial quality and mitophagy in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. It is characterized by the accumulation of beta-amyloid and phosphorylated tau, synaptic damage, and mitochondrial abnormalities in the brain, leading to the progressive loss of cognitive function and memory. In AD, emerging research suggests that lifestyle factors such as a healthy diet and regular exercise may play a significant role in delaying the onset and progression of the disease.

Current access, availability and use of antibiotics in primary care among key low- and middle-income countries and the policy implications.

Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), exacerbated by inappropriate antibiotic use, access to quality antibiotics and weak antimicrobial stewardship (AMS). There is a need to review current evidence on antibiotic use, access, and AMR, in primary care across key countries.

Areas Covered: This narrative review analyzes publications from 2018 to 2024 regarding access, availability, and use of appropriate antibiotics.

Cell culture research in aging and Alzheimer's disease: The strategic use/reuse of untreated controls and savings people's tax dollars.

Cell culture is an essential tool in both fundamental and translational research, particularly for understanding complex diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD). The use of cell lines provides the advantage of genetic homogeneity, ensuring reproducible and consistent results. This article explores the application of mammalian cell cultures to model AD, focusing on the transfection of cells with key genes associated with the disease to replicate the cellular environment of AD.

Exploring bovine brucellosis in Bangladesh: Current scenario and future outlook.

Bovine brucellosis is an enduring and formidable challenge in Bangladesh. In this first comprehensive review, we explored the historical, current, and future perspectives of bovine brucellosis outbreaks in Bangladesh. Data spanning from 1984 to 2023 regarding bovine brucellosis in Bangladesh were gathered from literature, reviews, conference papers, and online reports using various search engines and software tools.

Immune response and protective efficacy of an experimentally developed inactivated oil adjuvant vaccine in BALB/c mice.

Objectives: This study evaluated the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of an inactivated oil adjuvant vaccine in BALB/c mice.

Materials And Methods: Mice in group A ( 30) received subcutaneous (s.c.

Decade-Long Trends in Antibiotic Prescriptions According to WHO AWaRe Classification Among Severe Acute Respiratory Infection Patients at Tertiary Hospitals in Bangladesh (2011-2020).

To aid in the development of antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs), we analyzed the patterns and trends in antibiotic prescriptions for patients with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI), utilizing the WHO's AWaRe classification. We analyzed data from hospital-based influenza surveillance from January 2011 to December 2020 across nine Bangladeshi tertiary-level hospitals. Surveillance physicians collected WHO-defined SARI patient data, including demographics, clinical characteristics, and antibiotic prescriptions.

Efficacy, Safety, and Immunogenicity of Biosimilar Adalimumab Advixa® Compared With Reference Product Humira® in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis in Bangladesh.

Aim: This study evaluated the efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of biosimilar adalimumab drug Advixa® (Incepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Dhaka, Bangladesh) in patients with moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared to the reference drug Humira® (AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, IL, USA).

Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, prospective, parallel-group, active-controlled, non-inferiority trial, each of 144 patients was treated with six doses of Advixa® biweekly for up to 12 weeks.

Exploring ionic liquid assisted chemical bath deposition of a highly uniform and transparent cadmium sulfide thin film for photovoltaic applications.

Cadmium sulfide (CdS) is one of the most important semiconductor materials in solar cells. In this study, different concentrations (0-0.118 M) of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIMBF) ionic liquid (IL) are introduced as a novel complexing agent in dilute chemical bath deposition of CdS thin films.

Revolutionizing Brain Tumor Detection Using Explainable AI in MRI Images.

Due to the complex structure of the brain, variations in tumor shapes and sizes, and the resemblance between tumor and healthy tissues, the reliable and efficient identification of brain tumors through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) presents a persistent challenge. Given that manual identification of tumors is often time-consuming and prone to errors, there is a clear need for advanced automated procedures to enhance detection accuracy and efficiency. Our study addresses the difficulty by creating an improved convolutional neural network (CNN) framework derived from DenseNet121 to augment the accuracy of brain tumor detection.

Multifaceted Analysis of Lactobacillus plantarum DMR14 Reveals Promising Antidiabetic Properties Through In Vivo Assays and Molecular Simulations.

Due to the growing concern about diabetes worldwide, we investigated the antidiabetic potential of Lactobacillus plantarum DMR14, assessing its effects on the diabetic mice and identifying safe, bioactive compounds targeting DPP4 protein for drug development through various methods, including in vivo assays, GC-MS analysis and molecular docking simulations. The animal experiments showed that after 3 weeks of treatment, the blood sugar levels of mice given the bacteria were reduced by 35.03% compared to baseline.

Physicians' Intentions to Recommend Influenza Vaccine: A Multi-Centered Hospital-Based Study Using the Theory of Planned Behavior in Bangladesh.

Background: Influenza remains a significant public health challenge in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) like Bangladesh, where vaccine uptake remains low despite the substantial disease burden. Physicians play a vital role in promoting vaccination, yet their intentions and influencing factors are not well understood.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study from June to October 2022 across four tertiary-level hospitals in Bangladesh using a questionnaire grounded in the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB).

Clinical efficacy of electrosurgery and steel scalpel surgery for umbilical herniorrhaphy in bovine calves: A comparative analysis.

Electrosurgery (ES) offers a promising alternative to conventional steel scalpel surgery (SSS), providing superior hemorrhage control and efficient tissue dissection with minimal invasiveness. Given the limited literature, this study aims to compare the clinical efficacy of ES with that of SSS in bovine umbilical herniorrhaphy. Fourteen crossbred male calves with reducible umbilical hernias, aged less than one month and weighing 25-47 kg, were randomly assigned to two experimental groups: group A (ES) and group B (SSS), each containing seven calves.

Detection of multidrug-resistant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from healthy black Bengal goat in Bangladesh.

Introduction: The emergence of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) is a growing public health concern. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and multi-drug resistant (MDR) profiles of MRSA in goats in Bangladesh.

Methodology: A total of 150 samples from goats comprised of rectal swab (n = 50), nasal swab (n = 50), and milk (n = 50) were collected.

Synergy of Hydrophilic Properties and Antibacterial Inhibition in Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanofibrous Mats Loaded With Croton Bonplandianum Baill Leaf Extract.

The antibacterial nanofibrous mat is crucial in biomedicine as it enhances infection control, expedites wound healing, and mitigates health hazards by decreasing antibiotic usage. A novel synergistic antibacterial and hydrophilic nanofibrous mat successfully fabricated by solution electrospinning from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) incorporated Croton bonplandianum Baill (CBB) leaves extract. Antioxidant-enriched leaf extract of the CBB plant was integrated with PVA in varying proportions of 30% (CBB-30), 40% (CBB-40), and 50% (CBB-50) to manufacture antibacterial nanofibrous mat.

Motivating healthcare workers (HCWs) to ensure service delivery during public health emergencies: Insights from a discrete choice experiment during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh.

The disruption of health service delivery during public health emergencies, like Ebola and COVID-19, due to hesitancy among healthcare workers (HCWs) is well-documented. While previous studies have identified motivating factors for HCWs, accommodating all is often unfeasible due to resource limitations. Thus, identifying precise preferences is crucial from a policy standpoint.