Interstadial diversity of East Asian summer monsoon linked to changes of the Northern Westerlies.

During the last glacial period, the iconic Greenland ice-core records provide evidence of interstadial warmings with various durations ranging from a century to millennia. However, whether differences in interstadial duration are mirrored by distinct hydroclimate responses in the tropics remains unclear. Here we present four speleothem δO records from the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) and East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) regions, spanning both short and long interstadials during the last glacial period.

DCP as a biomarker for TACE efficacy in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Introduction: Primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) requires advanced diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. While transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is a cornerstone treatment, efficacy assessment remains challenging.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 90 PHC patients treated with TACE.

A rapid and naked-eye methicillin resistant screening method based on CRISPR/Cas12a and hybridization chain reaction.

Methicillin-resistant (MRSA), a widely drug-resistant bacterium, poses a significant threat to global health. Current culturing and nucleic acid detection methods are time-consuming and require complex instruments, which do not meet the detection needs. Herein, we developed a rapid and visual MRSA detection method (MCFHCR) using ssDNA-functionalized magnetic beads as a trigger chain combined with the trans-cleavage activity of the Cas12a protein and fluorescence signal amplification of the hybridization chain reaction (HCR).

Oxidative balance and survival in osteoporosis: how antioxidant diets and lifestyles reduce mortality risk.

Background: Osteoporosis (OP) is a global health issue characterized by reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and an elevated risk of fractures. Oxidative stress is implicated in OP pathogenesis, and antioxidant diets and lifestyles may mitigate these effects. This research aims to investigate the correlation between oxidative balance score (OBS) and all-cause mortality in individuals diagnosed with OP.

Secondary Operation Risk Assessment Method Integrating Graph Convolutional Networks and Semantic Embeddings.

In the power industry, secondary operation risk assessment is a critical step in ensuring operational safety. However, traditional assessment methods often rely on expert judgment, making it difficult to efficiently address the challenges posed by unstructured textual data and complex equipment relationships. To address this issue, this paper proposes a hybrid model that integrates graph convolutional networks (GCNs) with semantic embedding techniques.

Dimeric 1,3,5-triazinane-based derivatives as corrosion inhibitors for Q235 carbon steel in 1.0 mol per L HCl.

In this work, 5,5'-(propane-1,3-diyl)bis-(1,3,5-triazinane-2-thione) (PBT) was successfully prepared by a three-component condensation method using thiourea, formaldehyde and 1,3-diaminopropane. The inhibition properties of PBT in 1.0 mol per L HCl were investigated by gravimetric measurement, electrochemical analysis, surface analysis and quantum chemical methods.

Millennial-scale climate variability of the Asian summer monsoon over the last 690,000 years: insights from cave records.

The Asian summer monsoon (ASM) is an important component of the global climate system. Cave oxygen isotope (δO) records from the region have well characterized the ASM millennial-scale climate variability (MCV) over the last 640 ka, with especially detailed insights for the most recent 60 ka, but little is known about ASM variability beyond the U-Th dating limit of ∼640 ka. Furthermore, questions remain regarding the climatic significance of millennial-scale ASM variability recorded among various climate archives, particularly in the context of the "orbital-scale paradox".

Comparative analysis of chromatin accessibility in porcine oocytes from follicles of different sizes.

Chromatin accessibility and transcription levels during oocyte growth are important for oocyte maturation and subsequent development. However, chromatin accessibility changes in porcine oocytes during growth are unclear. The present study demonstrated that porcine oocytes derived from large follicles (LFO) exhibited higher developmental capacity than those derived from small follicles (SFO).

AENK ameliorates cognitive impairment and prevents Tau hyperphosphorylation through inhibiting AEP-mediated cleavage of SET in rats with ischemic stroke.

Brain damage induced by ischemia promotes the development of cognitive dysfunction, thus increasing the risk of dementia such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Studies indicate that cellular acidification-triggered activation of asparagine endopeptidase (AEP) plays a key role in ischemic brain injury, through multiple molecular pathways, including cleavage of its substrates such as SET (inhibitor 2 of PP2A, I ) and Tau. However, whether direct targeting AEP can effectively prevent post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) remains unanswered.

Rehabilitation Response in Tremor- and Non-Tremor-Dominant Parkinson Disease: A Task-fMRI Study.

Background: Tremor-dominant (TD) and nontremor-dominant (NTD) Parkinson's disease (PD) showed different responses to rehabilitation. However, the neural mechanism behind this remains unclear.

Methods: This cohort study explores changes in motor function, brain activation, and functional connectivity following 2 weeks of rehabilitation in TD-PD and NTD-PD patients, respectively.

Insulin receptor isoform B is required for efficient proinsulin processing in pancreatic β cells.

The insulin receptor (INSR, IR) has two isoforms, IRA and IRB, through alternative splicing. However, their distinct functions remain unclear. Here we generated β cell-specific IRB knockout (KO) mice (βIRBKO).

A novel p55PIK signaling peptide inhibitor alleviates neuroinflammation via the STAT3/NF-kB signaling pathway in experimental stroke.

Background: Ischemic stroke remains the predominant contributor to mortality and disability globally. Microglia undergo rapid activation and initiate inflammatory cascade reactions by phenotypic polarization, participating in the regulation of inflammatory injury and tissue repair post-ischemic stroke. Regulating microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is a promising therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke.

Cross-talk between BCKDK-mediated phosphorylation and STUB1-dependent ubiquitination degradation of BCAT1 promotes GBM progression.

Branched-chain amino acid transferase 1 (BCAT1) is highly expressed in multiple cancers and is associated with poor prognosis, particularly in glioblastoma (GBM). However, the post-translational modification (PTM) mechanism of BCAT1 is unknown. Here, we investigated the cross-talk mechanisms between phosphorylation and ubiquitination modifications in regulating BCAT1 activity and stability.

Bilayer Hydrogel Actuators with High Mechanical Properties and Programmable Actuation via the Synergy of Double-Network and Synchronized Ultraviolet Polymerization Strategies.

Bilayer hydrogel actuators, consisting of an actuating layer and a functional layer, show broad applications in areas such as soft robotics, artificial muscles, drug delivery and tissue engineering due to their inherent flexibility and responses to stimuli. However, to achieve the compatibility of good stimulus responses and high mechanical properties of bilayer hydrogel actuators is still a challenge. Herein, based on the double-network strategy and using the synchronous ultraviolet (UV) polymerization method, an upper critical solution temperature (UCST)-type bilayer hydrogel actuator was prepared, which consisted of a poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid)[MC] actuating layer and an agar/poly(N-hydroxyethyl acrylamide-co-methacrylic acid)[AHA] functional layer.

Tangeretin Mitigates Trimethylamine Oxide Induced Arterial Inflammation by Disrupting Choline-Trimethylamine Conversion through Specific Manipulation of Intestinal Microflora.

Previous studies have revealed the microbial metabolism of dietary choline in the gut, leading to its conversion into trimethylamine (TMA). Polymethoxyflavones (PMFs), exemplified by tangeretin, have shown efficacy in mitigating choline-induced cardiovascular inflammation. However, the specific mechanism by which these compounds exert their effects, particularly in modulating the gut microbiota, remains uncertain.

Fibronectin 1 supports oocyte in vitro maturation in pigs.

Oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM) based on the follicular fluid (FF) environment can exploit untapped resources, however, what FF factors regulate oocyte maturation remains unclear. This work demonstrated that serum and FF significantly promoted oocyte polar body extrusion (PBE) and subsequent embryo development, and FF was especially effective. Fibronectin 1 (FN1) was predicted as one potential candidate to regulate oocyte maturation by proteomics.

Induction of Acute Ischemic Stroke in Mice Using the Distal Middle Artery Occlusion Technique.

Ischemic stroke remains the predominant cause of mortality and functional impairment among the adult populations globally. Only a minority of ischemic stroke patients are eligible to receive intravascular thrombolysis or mechanical thrombectomy therapy within the optimal time window. Among those stroke survivors, around two-thirds suffer neurological dysfunctions over an extended period.

Electroacupuncture at "Baihui, Yintang and Shuigou" Acupoints Improves Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment in Mice.

Objective: To study the effect and mechanism of electroacupuncture at "Baihui, Yintang and Shuigou" acupoints on learning and memory in Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment (PSCI) mice.

Methods: 52 male C57BL/6 mice were used to establish a MACO model by using middle cerebral artery occlusion (n=38), while the Sham only ligated at the distal end of the external carotid artery (n=14). After 28 days, the MCAO was divided into three groups based on the escape latency of Morris water maze: non cognitive impairment (MNP), post-stroke cognitive impairment (MP), and electroacupuncture intervention group (MPEA).

VEGF165b Mutant Promotes the Apoptosis of Murine Breast Cancer Cells Induced by Paclitaxel by Inducing Tumor Vessel Maturation.

Introduction: The anti-angiogenic agent vascular endothelial growth factor 165b (VEGF165b) mutant (mVEGF165b), which was developed by our laboratory, has superior antitumor activity to that of native VEGF165b; however, its mechanism of action and druggability need further exploration.

Methods: Using the commercial anti-angiogenic drug bevacizumab as a positive control, the mechanism and developability of mVEGF165b were evaluated and explored. The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was performed to evaluate the effects of mVEGF165b and bevacizumab alone on the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).

Wireless High Temperature Sensing Chipless Tag Based on a Diamond Ring Resonator.

A passive wireless sensor is designed for real-time monitoring of a high temperature environment. The sensor is composed of a double diamond split rings resonant structure and an alumina ceramic substrate with a size of 23 × 23 × 0.5 mm.

Exploring Three Decades of Progress: A Comprehensive Visual Review of Intravoxel Incoherent Motion MRI Research (1988-2021).

BACKGROUND Despite an increasing number of published articles on intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) in the past decade, almost all have focused on the technique and clinical applications of IVIM, with little attention to the collective knowledge and scientific analysis of this field. The aim of the present study was to construct a knowledge framework and to explore hotspots and emerging trends concerning use of IVIM in humans. MATERIAL AND METHODS The articles concerning IVIM MRI published from 1988 to 2021 were retrieved from the Science Citation Index Expended of the Web of Science Core Collection on 17, August 2021.

Hotspots and difficulties of biliary surgery in older patients.

With the accelerated aging society in China, the incidence of biliary surgical diseases in the elderly has increased significantly. The clinical characteristics of these patients indicate that improving treatment outcomes and realizing healthy aging are worthy of attention. How to effectively improve the treatment effect of geriatric biliary surgical diseases has attracted widespread attention.

β-Glucan alleviates goal-directed behavioral deficits in mice infected with Toxoplasma gondii.

Background: Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is a neuroinvasive parasite causing neuroinflammation, which in turn is associated with a higher risk for several psycho-behavioral disorders. There is an urgent need to identify drugs capable of improving cognitive deficits induced by T.