New advances in understanding the mechanisms and treatment challenges of ALK-targeted therapy resistance in lung cancer.

Despite the development of various effective anaplastic lymphoma kinase tyrosine kinase inhibitors (ALK-TKIs), therapeutic resistance remains a major challenge. Both on-target and off-target mechanisms have been identified as key contributors to resistance. With the popularization of genetic testing and the development of precision therapies, the prognosis and survival of patients with ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have improved.

Chrysophanol inhibits ischemia/reperfusion-induced neuronal pyroptosis by regulating NRF2/ARE/GSDMD signaling pathway.

Background: Chrysophanol (CHR) has been shown to afford significant neuroprotection on ischemic stroke (IS). This study aimed to investigate the effects of CHR on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R).

Methods: MCAO/R was used to establish mouse IS model.

Prevalence and correlates of anemia following roux-en-y gastric bypass: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence and associated factors of anemia after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB).

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, EMBASE, and CENTRAL from inception through 18 January 2025, utilizing search terms including anemia, anaemia, hemoglobin, haemoglobin, Hb, gastric bypass, and RYGB. Eligible studies reported anemia prevalence post-RYGB with data on either follow-up duration or Roux limb length.

l-Threonine Catabolism Driven Flavor Formation: A Key Pathway for Soy Sauce-Like Aroma in Bacillus subtilis Fermentation.

The globalization of food culture has driven the growth of the flavor market, with Bacillus subtilis-fermented soybean products widely used as traditional Asian condiments due to their distinctive soy sauce-like aroma. However, the molecular mechanism underlying aroma formation remains incompletely understood. Building on previous systematic multi-omics studies, this study identifies a key role for l-threonine catabolism in regulating pyrazine biosynthesis.

Chinese herbal foot baths as a new strategy for diabetic foot with Wagner grade of 0 or 1: a meta-analysis and data mining.

Objective: The benefit of Chinese herbal foot-baths in treating diabetic foot remains unclear. This study aims to assess the efficacy of Chinese herbal foot-baths for diabetic foot with Wagner grade of 0 or 1 and identify key candidate herbs.

Methods: A comprehensive search of eight databases was conducted for studies published up to 24 May 2025.

Integrating gene knockout, GC-O-MS and multivariate statistical analysis: revealing the impact of and genes on the aroma characteristics of BJ3-2 fermented soybeans.

Fermented soybean products are an integral part of the Chinese diet, valued for their distinctive aroma. () BJ3-2 is a highly effective fermentation strain widely used in the industrial production of bacterial-type douchi. However, the specific aroma characteristics of soybeans fermented by this strain remain unclear.

Accurately predicting the thermal conductivity of boron arsenide considering the temperature-induced phonon anharmonic renormalization: a critical revisit.

Currently, theoretical works fail to accurately reproduce the experimental results for the lattice thermal conductivity of boron arsenides (BAs, the natural and isotopically enriched ones). We investigated the microscopic mechanisms of the ultrahigh lattice thermal conductivity () and its unexpected strong temperature-dependence (-dependence) in cubic BAs using the first principles theory within the framework of the Wigner transport theory combined with temperature-dependent interatomic force constants (-IFCs). The contributions of three- and four-phonon scattering processes to the phonon lifetime were included, and temperature-induced phonon renormalization was considered.

Recent advances for synchronous detection of multiplexed biomarkers in exosomes.

Exosomes are nanosized vesicles secreted by cells and widely exist in various body fluids. Exosomal surface proteins, internal nucleic acid types and levels are closely related to the occurrence and development of tumor. Leading to a deeper understanding of biological information, thereby enhancing the accuracy of cancer screening and facilitating the advancement of precision medicine.

The SlymiR394-ZDS Module Enhances the Antioxidant Capacity of Tomato by Promoting Lycopene Synthesis.

Lycopene, a natural pigment, is valuable for human health because of its strong antioxidant capacity. However, studies on the involvement of tomato miR394 in the regulation of lycopene have not been reported. The aim of this study was to reveal the molecular mechanism by which miR394 regulates lycopene synthesis by targeting ζ-carotene dehydrogenase ().

Association of the lipidome with type 1 diabetes and the mediated effect of metabolites: A Mendelian randomization study.

The effects of lipidome and their metabolites on type 1 diabetes (T1D) have not been entirely elucidated, and this study aimed to explore the causal effects of lipidome on T1D and the mediated effects of metabolites by Mendelian randomization (MR). Data on lipidome, metabolites, and T1D were obtained from the genome-wide association study, and single nucleotide polymorphisms were screened according to the basic assumptions of MR. Subsequently, inverse variance weighted was used to analyze the causal relationship between lipidome and T1D, as well as the mediated effect of metabolites.

Predicting In-Hospital Mortality in Myocardial Infarction: A Nomogram-Based Retrospective Analysis of the MIMIC-IV Database.

Background: Despite significant advancements in early reperfusion therapy and pharmacological treatment, which have reduced mortality rates after myocardial infarction in recent decades, the in-hospital mortality rate remains high due to factors such as rapid disease progression, comorbid conditions, and potential complications. We aimed to develop and validate a predictive model for in-hospital mortality in myocardial infarction patients.

Methods: LASSO regression analysis, univariate analysis, and multivariate logistic analysis were used to construct the nomogram in the training set, followed by model comparison, internal validation, and sensitivity analysis.

Screening and identification of novel protein markers of early-stage lung cancer and construction and application of screening models.

Objective: Molecular biomarkers have the potential to improve the current state of early screening of lung cancer. This investigation aimed to identify novel protein markers for early-stage lung cancer and combine them with traditional tumor markers to develop machine learning models for lung cancer screening.

Materials And Methods: The protein alters of peripheral blood (5 patients with early-stage lung adenocarcinoma, 5 patients with early-stage lung squamous cell carcinoma, and 8 healthy controls) were detected by label-free quantitative proteomics.

Impact of pepper varieties on microbial succession and correlation with physicochemical properties and volatile compounds during pickled pepper fermentation.

This study investigates the microbial succession dynamics and volatile compound formation during pickled pepper fermentation using two pepper varieties. Between (XML) and (ZZJ) fermentation process, salinity reduction from 9 % to 4.12 %, pH stabilization at 3.

Study on the inhibitory mechanism of combined ultrasound and capsaicin against Listeria monocytogenes.

Listeria monocytogenes (LM) is a critical foodborne pathogen, whose exceptional environmental adaptability and biofilm-forming capacity render it resistant to effective control during food processing and storage. Sonodynamic therapy (SDT), as an emerging sterilization approach, has rapidly emerged demonstrating potent microbicidal efficacy against microorganisms. The development of novel sonosensitizers is of crucial significance for the further advancement and application of SDT.

Stability and phase transition of polar topological defects in multiferroic superlattices.

The recent observation of topologically protected polar soliton textures in multiferroic BiFeO/SrTiO (BFO/STO) superlattices has given rise to new prospects for next-generation electronic devices, with the inherent room-temperature polar and spin coupling. Herein, we employed phase-field simulations to explore the phase diagrams of the BFO/STO superlattice under various thermodynamic conditions and experimentally validated them using piezoresponse force microscopy. It is revealed that by modulating external factors such as epitaxial strain, film thickness, and external temperature, different phases including polar solitons, polar skyrmions, and trivial domains can be designed within the BFO/STO superlattice system.

Tuoli Xiaodu powder ameliorated 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal injury by reducing intes-tinal inflammation, oxidative stress, and intestinal flora imbalance.

Chemotherapy-induced diarrhea (CID) is a common adverse event in cancer patients treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). This study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of Tuoli Xiaodu (TLXD) powder on CID and to explore its possible mechanisms. Mice with CID induced by 5-FU were randomly divided into seven groups: Blank group, CID group, positive drug (loperamide) group, and TLXD powder low, medium, and high groups.

Overexpression of NtMYB306c reduces the glandular trichomes density in tobacco.

Trichomes, as multicellular structures with diverse functions, play a crucial role in protecting plants against various stresses. Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco) leaves are characterized by numerous glandular trichomes, which are responsible for the production of substantial quantities of secondary metabolites and are critical determinants of tobacco quality. Although their importance is well established, the molecular regulatory mechanisms governing the development of tobacco glandular trichomes remain poorly characterized.

The association between different social network types with successful aging among community-dwelling older adults: A chain mediation model.

Objectives: This study examined the types of social networks among community-dwelling older adults and analysed their association with and pathways to successful aging.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 3,197 older adults in China using a two-stage cluster sampling method. Latent class analysis identified social network types, and mediation analysis explored the pathways to successful aging.

An atypical bHLH transcription factor NtPRE4.1 negatively regulates tobacco glandular trichome density.

As the world's largest producer and consumer of tobacco, it holds significant socio-economic value in China. Trichomes, specialized hair-like structures on the epidermal cells of tobacco, play a crucial role in the synthesis and secretion of defense-related secondary metabolites, such as terpenoids and alkaloids, which directly influence leaf quality. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying trichome development remain poorly understood.

Performance comparison of streptavidin magnetic beads for epcam expressing cancer cell lines for circulating tumor cell (CTC) enrichment in a flow-through immunomagnetic system.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are important biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and treatment monitoring. However, their scarcity limits their utility as current enrichment techniques are hampered by low volume throughput and/or the inability to capture CTCs with low target antigen densities. Our group previously reported a device capable of processing samples in a flow manner using an optimized Halbach array to enhance the capture of low EpCAM-expressing cells (Flow-through Immunomagnetic CTC Enrichment system).

Mass spectrometry analysis of PM in poultry farms and the cytotoxicity and metabolism perturbation of BEAS-2B cells.

To evaluate the potential risks posed by farm-derived fine particulate matter (PM), we conducted a comprehensive analysis of PM samples collected from chicken farms. Specifically, water-soluble ions, metal and metalloids, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were quantitatively determined via ion chromatography, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry (GC‒MS), respectively. Furthermore, the microbial composition was elucidated through 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) high-throughput sequencing and ribosomal DNA (rDNA)-internal transcribed spacer (ITS) analysis.

Association of the gut microbiome with diabetic nephropathy and the mediated effect of metabolites: friend or enemy?

Objective: The effects of gut microbiome and its metabolites on diabetic nephropathy (DN) have been inadequately elucidated. The aim of this study is to assess the causal effect of gut microbiome on DN and the mediated effect of metabolites by a two-step Mendelian randomization (MR).

Methods: Datasets of gut microbiome, metabolites, and DN were acquired in genome-wide association studies and screened for single nucleotide polymorphisms according to the underlying assumptions of MR.

Perspectives on cancer therapy-synthetic lethal precision medicine strategies, molecular mechanisms, therapeutic targets and current technical challenges.

In recent years, synthetic lethality has become an important theme in the field of targeted cancer therapy. Synthetic lethality refers to simultaneous defects in two or more genes leading to cell death, whereas defects in any single gene do not lead to cell death. Taking advantage of the genetic vulnerability that exists within cancer cells, it theoretically has no negative impact on healthy cells and has fewer side effects than non-specific chemotherapy.

Decoding the Role of Molecular Orientation in Conjugated Self-Assembled Monolayers for High-Performance Binary Organic Photovoltaics Approaching 20% Efficiency.

Molecular orientation stands as the quintessential hallmark of conjugated self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), which have recently catalyzed noteworthy advancements in organic photovoltaics (OPVs). Nevertheless, an unambiguous understanding of these directional arrangements and their impact on optoelectronic properties remains elusive. To address this issue, herein three SAMs with representative orientations, i.

The suspension load deviation control method for high-power locomotives via Harris Hawk optimization.

In this study, the theoretical model for the static secondary spring load adjustment of six-axle railway vehicles is established, which can be applicable to any six-axle railway vehicle, including locomotives, subways, passenger trains and freight trains. Meanwhile, the simplified model of the supporting structure is proposed, which reduces the calculation process greatly by simplifying the 12-points supporting structure of a six-axle railway vehicle into a 4-points supporting structure. Moreover, we present the Harris hawk optimization method in the field of suspension load control of railway vehicles.