NOTCH signaling orchestrates the inflammatory-fibrotic continuum of macrophages in renal allograft rejection.

Background: Chronic rejection is a major cause of long-term kidney allograft failure, characterized by persistent inflammation and progressive fibrosis. Macrophages are central mediators of this process, but their phenotypic heterogeneity and regulatory mechanisms in chronic rejection remain incompletely understood.

Methods: We performed single-cell transcriptomic analysis on renal allograft biopsies from patients with different types of rejection and on a time-course rat model of chronic rejection.

Visceral Adiposity Thresholds for Cardiovascular Risk Stratification: A Simplified Biomarker-Driven Model.

Objective: VAT volume is a critical determinant of cardiometabolic risk, yet population-specific thresholds and accessible predictive tools remain undefined.

Methods: Using US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data, we analyzed dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-derived VAT volume. Threshold effects and sex/ethnicity interactions were evaluated via multivariable regression, while LASSO regularization and ROC analyses identified a simplified predictive model.

Atomic-Scale Mott-Schottky Analogy in SnCu Nanoalloy Promote High-Efficiency Urea Electrosynthesis at Ultralow Potential.

Electrocatalytic urea synthesis from CO and NO offers a sustainable strategy to address environmental challenges and growing urea demand. However, current systems suffer inefficient C-N coupling due to poor selectivity toward critical C/N-intermediates. Herein, we engineered atomic-scale Mott-Schottky analogy in SnCu nanoalloy to create electron-enriched Cu sites, enabling remarkable urea production through quadruple synergy.

Effectiveness of DIMS combined with atropine and orthokeratology in a real-world setting in China.

Background And Objectives: Myopia cases have markedly increased worldwide, particularly in younger individuals. This study evaluatestheeffectofdefocus incorporated multiple segments (DIMS) lens combined with atropine (DIMSA) in the control of myopia progression versus orthokeratology (ortho-k) lenses.

Methods: In this non-randomized controlled clinical study, 180 eyes in 180 myopic children treated at the Nanjing Children's Hospital between January 2022 and February 2023 were included.

Monodisperse Os-O-Co Modules Enable Ampere-Level Hydrazine-Assisted Seawater Splitting in Membraneless Electrolyzers.

Hydrazine oxidation-assisted seawater electrolysis (HzOR-SWE) is critical for addressing freshwater scarcity and energy crises. However, the development of this technology has been significantly impeded by the absence of efficient catalysts capable of cleaving N─H bonds during the hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR). Herein, Monodispersed Os-O-Co modules are constructed within a cobalt hydroxide structure via an in situ osmium (Os) single-atom modification strategy to serve as a bifunctional catalyst.

Surface engineering on bulk CuO for efficient electrosynthesis of urea.

Electrochemical urea synthesis has recently emerged as a fascinating energy-efficient alternative route, while it remains challenging to achieve simultaneously high production rate and Faradaic efficiency. Herein, we realize an energy-favorable electrochemical C-N coupling path through CO and NO co-reduction at the heterointerfaces of Cu/CuO microparticles, generated by in-situ electrochemical engineering on bulk CuO. We achieve urea production rate of 632.

Mucosal-Associated Invariant T (MAIT) Cell-Mediated Immune Mechanisms of Peritoneal Dialysis-Induced Peritoneal Fibrosis and Therapeutic Targeting.

Key Points: Peritoneal mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells were characterized by single-cell RNA sequencing, histological imaging, and flow cytometry. Activation of MAIT cells modulated glucose metabolism in mesothelial cells by TCRV7.2-MHC class 1–related protein 1 signaling and triggered peritoneal fibrogenesis.

Screened d-p Orbital Hybridization in Turing Structure of Confined Nickel for Sulfion Oxidation Accelerated Hydrogen Production.

The sulfion oxidation reaction (SOR) could offer an energy-efficient and tech-economically favorable alternative to the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) for H production. Transition metal (TM) based catalysts have been considered promising candidates for SOR but suffer from limited activity due to the excessive bond strength from TM-S d-p orbit coupling. Herein, we propose a feasible strategy of screening direct d-p orbit hybridization between TM and S by constructing the Turing structure composed of lamellar stacking carbon-confined nickel nanosheets.

Efficacy and safety of Yishen Huashi granules combined with conventional therapy in the treatment of diabetic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Diabetic kidney disease(DKD) is a complication of diabetes. If not treated in time, it will lead to severe glomerular damage, causing irreversible damage, and ultimately may lead to uremia and even death. Yishen Huashi Granule (YSHS) is a Chinese patent medicine for treating DKD by invigorating the spleen and removing dampness, which has shown a good curative effect.

MAM7 from Vibrio parahaemolyticus: Expression, purification and effects on RAW264.7 cells.

V. parahaemolyticus is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes gastroenteritis. Within the realm of bacterial interactions with the gut, the outer membrane protein MAM7 plays a key role.

Low-coordinated copper facilitates the *CHCO affinity at enhanced rectifying interface of Cu/CuO for efficient CO-to-multicarbon alcohols conversion.

The carbon-carbon coupling at the Cu/CuO Schottky interface has been widely recognized as a promising approach for electrocatalytic CO conversion into value-added alcohols. However, the limited selectivity of C alcohols persists due to the insufficient control over rectifying interface characteristics required for precise bonding of oxyhydrocarbons. Herein, we present an investigation into the manipulation of the coordination environment of Cu sites through an in-situ electrochemical reconstruction strategy, which indicates that the construction of low-coordinated Cu sites at the Cu/CuO interface facilitates the enhanced rectifying interfaces, and induces asymmetric electronic perturbation and faster electron exchange, thereby boosting C-C coupling and bonding oxyhydrocarbons towards the nucleophilic reaction process of *HCCO-CO.

Steering Geometric Reconstruction of Bismuth with Accelerated Dynamics for CO Electroreduction.

Bismuth-based materials have emerged as promising catalysts in the electrocatalytic reduction of CO to formate. However, the reasons for the reconstruction of Bi-based precursors to form bismuth nanosheets are still puzzling, especially the formation of defective bismuth sites. Herein, we prepare bismuth nanosheets with vacancy-rich defects (V-Bi NS) by rapidly reconstructing BiClS under negative potential.

Constructing Ru-O-TM Bridge in NiFe-LDH Enables High Current Hydrazine-assisted H Production.

Hydrazine oxidation-assisted water splitting is a critical technology to tackle the high energy consumption in large-scale H production. Ru-based electrocatalysts hold promise for synergetic hydrogen reduction (HER) and hydrazine oxidation (HzOR) catalysis but are hindered by excessive superficial adsorption of reactant intermediate. Herein, this work designs Ru cluster anchoring on NiFe-LDH (denoted as Ru/NiFe-LDH), which effectively enhances the intermediate adsorption capacity of Ru by constructing Ru─O─Ni/Fe bridges.

Employing Graph Neural Networks for Predicting Electrode Average Voltages and Screening High-Voltage Sodium Cathode Materials.

For many years, humans have been relentlessly focused on enhancing battery longevity and boosting energy storage capacities. The performance and durability of a battery depend significantly on the material used for its electrodes. In this context, merging machine learning with density functional theory (DFT) calculations has emerged as a pivotal approach to advancing the exploration of battery crystal structures.

Identification of a potential antigen stimulating immune response against Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis aureus♂ × Oreochromis niloticus♀).

Vibrio parahaemolyticus (V. parahaemolyticus) is a major pathogen that causes substantial losses in the marine fishery. With the emergence of antibiotic resistance, vaccines have become the most effective approach against V.

[Mechanism of Zhenwu Decoction in improving renal inflammatory injury in mice with DN of spleen-kidney Yang deficiency syndrome by regulating ROCK/IKK/NF-κB pathway].

To investigate the intervention effect and mechanism of Zhenwu Decoction on diabetic nephropathy(DN) mice of spleen-kidney Yang deficiency syndrome based on the Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase(ROCK)/IκB kinase(IKK)/nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB) pathway. Ninety-five 7-week-old db/db male mice and 25 7-week-old db/m male mice were fed adaptively for one week. The DN model of spleen-kidney Yang deficiency syndrome was induced by Dahuang Decoction combined with hydrocortisone by gavage, and then the model was evaluated.

Extracellular vesicle-packaged ILK from mesothelial cells promotes fibroblast activation in peritoneal fibrosis.

Progressive peritoneal fibrosis and the loss of peritoneal function often emerged in patients undergoing long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD), resulting in PD therapy failure. Varieties of cell-cell communications among peritoneal cells play a significant role in peritoneal fibrogenesis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been confirmed to involve in intercellular communication by transmitting proteins, nucleic acids or lipids.

[Role of TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in diabetic kidney disease and research progress of traditional Chinese medicine intervention].

Diabetic kidney disease is an important microvascular complication of diabetes and the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Its pathological characteristics mainly include epithelial mesenchymal transition(EMT) in glomerulus, podocyte apoptosis and autophagy, and damage of glomerular filtration barrier. Transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)/Smad signaling pathway is specifically regulated by a variety of mechanisms, and is a classic pathway involved in physiological activities such as apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation.

Construction of Asymmetrical Dual Jahn-Teller Sites for Photocatalytic CO Reduction.

Photocatalytic CO reduction (PCR) expresses great attraction to convert useless greenhouse gas into valuable chemical feedstock. However, the weak interactions between catalytic sites and PCR intermediates constrains the PCR activity and selectivity. Herein, we proposed a new strategy to match the intermediates due to the maximum orbital overlap of catalytic sites and C intermediates by establishing dual Jahn-Teller (J-T) sites, in which, the strongly asymmetric J-T sites can break the nonpolar CO molecules and self-adapt the different structure of C intermediates.

Understanding SCLC heterogeneity and plasticity in cancer metastasis and chemotherapy resistance.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for approximately 15% of all lung cancer cases and features a strong predilection for early metastasis and extremely poor prognosis. Despite being highly sensitive to chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy initially, most SCLC patients develop therapeutic resistance within one year and die of distant metastases. Multiple studies have revealed the high heterogeneity and strong plasticity of SCLC associated with frequent metastases and early development of therapeutic resistance as well as poor clinical outcome.

Self-Polarization Triggered Multiple Polar Units Toward Electrochemical Reduction of CO to Ethanol with High Selectivity.

Electrochemical conversion of CO to highly valuable ethanol has been considered a intriguring strategy for carbon neutruality. However, the slow kinetics of coupling carbon-carbon (C-C) bonds, especially the low selectivity ethanol than ethylene in neutral conditions, is a significant challenge. Herein, the asymmetrical refinement structure with enhanced charge polarization is built in the vertically oriented bimetallic organic frameworks (NiCu-MOF) nanorod array with encapsulated Cu O (Cu O@MOF/CF), which can induce an intensive internal electric field to increase the C-C coupling for producing ethanol in neutral electrolyte.