Temporal changes in the burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus across the BRICS, 1990-2021: a comprehensive analysis for the global burden of disease study 2021.

Background: The BRICS (Brazil, Russian, India, China and South Africa) was still in rapid development with great potential to promote the global governance of the type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The study aimed to offer practical experience and strategies for global T2DM management, particularly for developing countries by evaluating the trends, cross-country inequalities of T2DM burden in the BRICS in the past and further predict their changes to 2035.

Methods: Age-standardized rate of incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of T2DM were calculated.

Survival outcomes and risk factors after lung transplantation in patients with pre-transplant malignancy: a national cohort study.

Background: Pre-transplant malignancy (PTM) is a relative contraindication for lung transplantation (LTx). The proportion of patients with PTM in LTx is increasing annually. We sought to identify modifiable risk factors affecting patient survival and evaluate the prognosis of different types of PTM.

Efficacy and safety of ruxolitinib in adult patients with refractory rheumatic disease-associated macrophage activation syndrome.

Objective: Rheumatic diseaseassociated macrophage activation syndrome (RD-MAS) is a rare and life-threatening complication of rheumatic diseases, with approximately 30% of cases being refractory to conventional therapeutic protocols. Ruxolitinib, a Janus kinase 1/2 inhibitor, has emerged as a potential therapy for refractory RD-MAS. This study aimed to evaluate its efficacy and safety in patients with refractory RD-MAS.

Spontaneous ventilation video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for octogenarian non-small cell lung cancer patients: a non-inferiority study.

Background: The benefits of spontaneous ventilation (SV)-video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in octogenarian patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have rarely been reported. This retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the safety and feasibility of SV-VATS in octogenarian patients with NSCLC.

Methods: Patients with NSCLC aged >80 years who underwent SV-VATS or mechanical ventilation (MV)-VATS between 2017 and 2022 were included in this study.

Survival and early outcomes following lung transplantation for interstitial lung disease associated with non-scleroderma connective tissue disease: a national cohort study.

Objectives: The progressive decline in interstitial lung disease associated with non-scleroderma connective tissue disease (ILD-NSCTD) is linked to poor prognosis and frequently results in respiratory failure. Lung transplantation (LTx) offers a viable treatment option, yet its outcomes in ILD-NSCTD remain contentious, particularly across different subtypes.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) (n=11,610) and ILD-NSCTD (n=610) listed in the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) database who underwent lung transplantation between May 5, 2005, and December 31, 2022.

Risk factors for mid- and long-term mortality in lung transplant recipients aged 70 years and older.

Objectives: With increased lung transplantation in those aged 70 and older, limited literature addresses risk factors affecting their survival. Our study aims to identify independent factors impacting mid- and long-term mortality in this elderly population.

Methods: This study analyzed lung transplant patients over 70 from May 2005 to December 2022 using United Network for Organ Sharing data.

Trends in the prevalence of social isolation among middle and older adults in China from 2011 to 2018: the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Background: Epidemiological studies have shown that social isolation, which is prevalent in older adults, is associated with a range of adverse health outcomes, but the prevalence of and trends in regard to social isolation remain ambiguous in China. The aim of this study was to elucidate the trends regarding the prevalence of social isolation among middle-aged and older adults in China from 2011 to 2018 and to further identify associated risk factors.

Methods: A repeated cross-sectional study, The data were derived from panel sample data of four waves conducted from May 2011 to August 2018 in the nationally representative China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) using multistage probability sampling.

Clinical phenotypes and prognoses of microscopic polyangiitis based on kidney biopsies.

Background: To classify the different clinical phenotypes and compare the distinct prognoses of microscopic polyangiitis (MPA).

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 436 patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAV) from 2015 to 2022 was conducted in our center, of which 90 patients were diagnosed with MPA and underwent renal biopsy.

Results: Among the 90 MPA patients, 63% were female, and the median age at onset was 63 years (25th-75th percentile: 58-68).

Effect of living arrangements on cognitive function in Chinese elders: a longitudinal observational study.

Objective: To examine how living arrangement as a social contextual factor can affect Chinese elders' cognitive function.

Setting And Participants: Our sample consists of 2486 Chinese elders from two waves (2014 and 2018) of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) that was administered in 22 of China's 31 provinces using a multi-stage, disproportionate, purposive random sampling method. The CLHLS aims to better understand the determinants of healthy longevity in China and collects extensive data on a large population of fragile elders aged 80-112 in China.

The Potential Win-win Strategy for Healthy Aging and Environmental Protection: Environmental Volunteering.

Purpose: To explore the physical activity level of community environmental volunteering (CEV) participants and the differences in physical functions and daily activity patterns between the older adults who engaged in intensive CEV (≥15 hours/week) and non-intensive CEV (<15 hours/week) groups.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Three recycling stations in Taiwan.

Association of Cytomegalovirus Infection With Anti-MDA5 Antibody-Positive Dermatomyositis: A Prospective Cohort Study.

To investigate whether cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection plays a role in the pathogenesis and prognosis of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM), particularly in anti-MDA5 antibody-positive (anti-MDA5) dermatomyositis (DM). A prospective cohort of 204 newly diagnosed IIM patients and 50 healthy individuals were enrolled in the study. CMV-IgM and CMV-IgG antibody concentrations and lymphocyte counts were analyzed.

High incidence and mortality of Pneumocystis jirovecii infection in anti-MDA5-antibody-positive dermatomyositis: experience from a single center.

Background: Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are associated with a significantly higher risk of opportunistic infections including Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP), a potentially fatal opportunistic infection. However, no prior studies have evaluated PJP infection in subtypes of IIM.

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence and mortality rate of PJP infection in subgroups of IIM patients stratified according to myopathy-specific antibodies.

Do Migration Characteristics Influence the Utilization of Basic Public Health Services in Internal Elderly Migrants in China?

The literature shows that migration characteristics are a potential pathway through which migration can influence basic healthcare service utilization. The goal of the study was to explore the effect of migration characteristics on the utilization of basic public health services for internal elderly migrants in China and to identify the pathways that might promote their utilization of basic public health services. We studied 1,544 internal elderly migrants.

Functional variant rs17525453 within RAB35 gene promoter is possibly associated with increased risk of Parkinson's disease in Taiwanese population.

Our previous study suggests that upregulated RAB35 is implicated in etiology of Parkinson's disease (PD). We hypothesized that upregulated RAB35 results from single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in RAB35 gene promoter. We identified SNPs within RAB35 gene promoter by analyzing DNA samples of discovery cohort and validation cohort.

Efficacy and safety of a selective URAT1 inhibitor SHR4640 in Chinese subjects with hyperuricaemia: a randomized controlled phase II study.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of SHR4640, a highly selective urate transporter 1 inhibitor, in Chinese subjects with hyperuricaemia.

Methods: This was a randomized double-blind dose-ranging phase II study. Subjects whose serum uric acid (sUA) levels were ≥480 µmol/l with gout, ≥480 µmol/l without gout but with comorbidities, or ≥540 µmol/l were enrolled.

Severe invasive rhombencephalitis mimicking facial neuritis in a healthy middle-aged man: a case report and literature review.

Neurolisteriosis is a foodborne infection of the central nervous system that is easily misdiagnosed, especially in healthy adults with atypical symptoms. A 50-year-old man presented with a 3-day history of distortion of the oral commissure. Facial neuritis was diagnosed and treated with intravenous dexamethasone.

(D620N) VPS35 causes the impairment of Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade and mitochondrial dysfunction in a PARK17 knockin mouse model.

Patients with familial type 17 of Parkinson's disease (PARK17) manifest autosomal dominant pattern and late-onset parkinsonian syndromes. Heterozygous (D620N) mutation of vacuolar protein sorting 35 (VPS35) is genetic cause of PARK17. We prepared heterozygous VPS35 knockin mouse, which is an ideal animal model of (D620N) VPS35-induced autosomal dominant PARK17.

Comparing the reliability and validity of the SF-36 and SF-12 in measuring quality of life among adolescents in China: a large sample cross-sectional study.

Objective: We compare the reliability and validity of the Short Form 36 (version 1, SF-36) and the Short Form 12 (version 1, SF-12) in adolescence, the period of life when a child develops into an adult, i.e., the period from puberty to maturity terminating legally at the age of majority (10-19 years), thus supplying evidence for the selection of instruments measuring the quality of life (QOL) and decision-making processes of adolescents in China.

Factors influencing utilization of primary health care by elderly internal migrants in China: the role of social contacts.

Background: Utilization of primary health care is an important aspect of elderly internal migrants' access to screening and preventive services in China. It has been evident that social contacts, such as community engagement, social mobilization, and the ability to communicate were related to health service delivery, but little has been done to explore the relationship between social contacts and utilization of primary health care for this group. This study aimed to explore the factors influencing utilization of primary health care from the perspective of social contacts among elderly internal migrants in China.

Alda-1, an activator of ALDH2, ameliorates Achilles tendinopathy in cellular and mouse models.

Achilles tendinopathy has a high re-injury rate and poor prognosis. Development of effective therapy for Achilles tendinopathy is important. Excessive accumulation of ROS and resulting oxidative stress are believed to cause tendinopathy.

Upregulated Expression of MicroRNA-204-5p Leads to the Death of Dopaminergic Cells by Targeting DYRK1A-Mediated Apoptotic Signaling Cascade.

MicroRNAs (miRs) downregulate or upregulate the mRNA level by binding to the 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR) of target gene. Dysregulated miR levels can be used as biomarkers of Parkinson's disease (PD) and could participate in the etiology of PD. In the present study, 45 brain-enriched miRs were evaluated in serum samples from 50 normal subjects and 50 sporadic PD patients.

Impact of acculturation and psychological adjustment on mental health among migrant adolescents in Guangzhou, China: a cross-sectional questionnaire study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the pathway and associations among acculturation (ie, language, social interaction and lifestyle), psychological adjustment and mental health of internal migrant adolescents in China.

Design: Cross-sectional questionnaire study.

Setting: Six private migrant junior high schools located in Tianhe and Baiyun districts in Guangzhou were chosen as the study sites.