Unconventional Magnetic and Magneto-transport Properties in a Canted Antiferromagnet FeSnSb.

Canted antiferromagnets have attracted considerable research interest due to their distinctive physical characteristics. However, suitable material platforms for such investigations remain limited. In this study, we present the exceptional magnetic and magneto-transport properties of FeSnSb polycrystals synthesized via a two-step solid-state reaction process.

Full-color diffractive optical waveguide with low color dispersion for augmented reality.

A full-color diffractive optical waveguide scheme is developed specifically for near-eye displays (NED) used in augmented reality (AR) applications. This configuration integrates a color filter (CF) and distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) as filters to efficiently address color dispersion issues. The CF functions to selectively filter out heterochromatic light within the waveguide, thereby guaranteeing the presence of a single, pure primary color within each waveguide.

Flexible X-ray Talbot-Lau interferometer and its theory.

X-ray Talbot-Lau interferometer, offering multi-contrast for the imaged objects, has shown powerful capacity in imaging biological soft tissues, low density materials, etc. However, the length of the system is constant, which limits its applications. Here, we establish a new X-ray Talbot-Lau interferometer theory to achieve a flexible phase contrast imaging system.

Promoting Ampere-Level Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia Through Strong Oxide-Oxide Interaction.

The electrochemical reduction of nitrate to value-added ammonia offers a promising approach for removing nitrate pollutants from wastewater, combining energy efficiency, and environmental sustainability. However, developing industrially viable catalysts that combine high efficiency, low-cost, and high durability remains a significant challenge. Herein, cobalt oxide (CoO) nanoparticles are anchored onto the copper oxide (CuO) nanosheets support (CoO@CuO) to boost the electroreduction of nitrate to ammonia via a strong oxide-oxide interaction.

Enhanced Ising Superconductivity and Emergent Ferromagnetism Coexisting in Bimolecule-Intercalated Bulk TaS.

Superconductivity and ferromagnetism are mutually exclusive in most cases. Here the observation of Ising superconductivity and ferromagnetism coexisting is reported in a bimolecule (tetrabutylammonium chloride and dimethylformamide, or TBAC/DMF)-intercalated bulk TaS, with the exotic phenomenon of quantum Griffiths singularity. It is first shown that the neighboring TaS layers are separated by 14.

Modulating the Binding Strength of Multiple Intermediates by Few-Layer Fullerene Network Electron Buffer for Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution.

The reaction kinetics for electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in an alkaline medium is more sluggish than in acid because it involves extraordinary adsorption and desorption of multiple oxygenated intermediates. Herein, by using covalently bonded 2D fullerene C network (abbreviated 2D-C) as a unique support of Ru nanoparticles (NPs), the binding strengths of the key intermediates in the alkaline HER process are successfully modulated owing to the electron buffering effect of 2D-C, which can dynamically buffer the change of charge density on metal active sites resulted from the adsorption and desorption of intermediates. The as-prepared Ru NPs/2D-C catalyst exhibits a low overpotential of 24 mV at 10 mA cm and eight times higher intrinsic activity than Ru NPs toward the alkaline HER.

Cyst fluid ctDNA as a biomarker for genetic profiling and treatment monitoring in cystic brain metastases.

Background: Cystic brain metastases (CBM) present significant clinical challenges due to their heterogeneity and the limitations of current diagnostic methods in guiding treatment. Traditional tissue biopsies are invasive and may not capture tumour heterogeneity, while plasma circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) analysis is impeded by the blood-brain barrier, leading to low sensitivity for detecting intracranial lesions. These limitations create a critical gap in the personalised management of patients with CBM.

Synthesis of Ultrathin Mesoporous CuRu Nanomeshes for Efficient Kilowatt-Level Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia.

The electrochemical conversion of abundant nitrate ions from industrial wastewater and polluted groundwater into value-added ammonia represents an important route for the sustainable development of human society. However, developing efficient and stable catalysts remains a huge challenge. Herein, the synthesis of ultrathin mesoporous CuRu nanomeshes is reported via a theory-guided ion exchange method for efficient nitrate reduction to ammonia.

Compact design, construction, and evaluation of an in situ ±90° rotatable magnetic force microscope in a 12 T superconducting magnet.

Cryogenic magnetic force microscopy (MFM) is a powerful technique capable of resolving exotic magnetic textures with nanoscale resolution in real-space. We introduce a cryogenic rotatable MFM (CRMFM) that enables the visualization of in situ evolution of magnetic domains by rotating magnetic samples between -90° and +90° within a 12 T superconducting magnet. By continuously rotating the sample under an external magnetic field, the direction of the magnetic field can be varied from out-of-plane to in-plane, enabling microscopic analysis experiments that require vector magnetic fields within the CRMFM system.

High-precision atomic imaging using an innovative vibration-isolated scanning tunneling microscope.

The stability of the scanning unit in a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) is essential for achieving high-resolution imaging. In this study, we present a non-metallic STM with a mechanically isolated scanning unit, ensuring long-term drift stability, low backlash, and high repeatability. By decoupling the piezoelectric scanning tube (PST) from the piezoelectric motor tube (PMT), the design effectively minimizes motor-induced instabilities and vibrations, significantly improving STM performance.

Designing Cellulose Triacetate-Based Universal Binder for High-Voltage Sodium-Ion Battery Cathodes with Enhanced Ionic Conductivity and Binding Strength.

Binders play a pivotal role in the performance of sodium-ion battery (SIB) cathodes, but traditional binders often struggle to balance broad compatibility, high ionic conductivity, superior binding strength, and environmental sustainability. In this study, a universal cellulose triacetate (TAC)-based binder (TAC-MMT) composed of TAC and natural montmorillonite (MMT) is designed to facilitate rapid Na transport pathways and establish a robust hydrogen-bonding network. This innovative TAC-MMT binder features a unique chemical structure that achieves high ionic conductivity through a self-enrichment and fast-transport mechanism, while its superior binding strength is attributed to hydrogen-bonding crosslinks between proton acceptors (C═O) in TAC and proton donors (-OH) in MMT.

3D Ising Superconductivity in As-Grown Sn Intercalated TaSe Crystal.

2D Ising superconductivity emerges in noncentrosymmetric 2D materials, differing from conventional 2D/3D superconductivity. Here, we report the synthesis of a new polymorph of intercalated layered materials, where two layers of Sn are intercalated in between every two layers of TaSe (2Sn-2TaSe), in contrast to the commonly observed single-layer intercalation. Remarkably, the as-grown 2Sn-2TaSe single crystals possess a high quality of crystallinity and showcase 3D Ising superconductivity.

An ultra-compact piezoelectric motor with self-satisfied symmetry for enhanced performance.

The symmetry and compactness of the structure has a considerable impact on the properties of piezoelectric motors, including step size, threshold voltage, and effective length. This is particularly evident in motors driven by the inertia principle. Asymmetric and eccentric designs have been observed to result in greater deflections and wobbling during operation, which in turn leads to additional energy loss derived from the energy generated by piezoelectric deformation and further impedes enhancements in overall compactness.

Anomalous Magnetic Hysteresis up to 20 K in a Non-Kramers Light-Lanthanide Single-Molecule Magnet.

Light-lanthanides (Ln), despite their widespread uses in commercial permanent magnets, are among the least explored metal elements as building blocks of single-molecule magnets (SMMs) due to their smaller magnetic moments as well as weaker spin-orbit couplings than those of the heavy-Ln counterparts, and so far, only a neodymium (Nd) complex has been reported showing a small magnetic hysteresis at 2 K. Here, we report a low-coordination praseodymium (Pr) complex, namely, Pr@CN, featuring a non-Kramers trivalent Pr ion entrapped within an azafullerene cage and behaving as the first Pr-based SMM. Although the weak nonaxial ligand field imposed only by the carbon cage on the integer-spin Pr(III) elicits nondegenerate spin states, Pr@CN shows an anomalous magnetic hysteresis up to 20 K using a field sweep rate of 20 Oe/s, which is the highest temperature among all reported light-Ln SMMs.

Proximity-Induced Superconductivity in Ferromagnetic FeGeTe and Josephson Tunneling through a van der Waals Heterojunction.

Synergy between superconductivity and ferromagnetism may offer great opportunities in nondissipative spintronics and topological quantum computing. Yet at the microscopic level, the exchange splitting of the electronic states responsible for ferromagnetism is inherently incompatible with the spin-singlet nature of conventional superconducting Cooper pairs. Here, we exploit the recently discovered van der Waals ferromagnets as enabling platforms with marvelous controllability to unravel the myth between ferromagnetism and superconductivity.

Towards healthy sleep environments: Ambient, indoor, and personal exposure to PM and its implications in children's sleep health.

The growing impact of climate change and escalating wildfire seasons has led to heightened ambient air pollution, potentially affecting children's sleep health. However, current epidemiological research often relies on outdoor weather data to model the environmental impacts on sleep health, potentially mischaracterizing the actual bedroom environment. To address these challenges, we conducted experiments to investigate the relationships among ambient, indoor, and personal exposure to PM concentrations and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children.

A Compact Piezo-Drive Rotatable Scanning Tunneling Microscope in a 12 T Cryogen-Free Magnet.

Atomically resolved scanning tunneling microscope (STM) capable of in situ rotation in a narrow magnet bore has become a long-awaited but challenging technique in the field of strong correlation studies since it can introduce the orientation of the strong magnetic field as a control parameter. This article presents the design and functionality of a piezoelectrically driven rotatable STM (RSTM), operating within a 12 T cryogen-free magnet and achieving a base temperature below 1.8 K, along with spectroscopic capabilities.

Sulfur oxidation mediated controllable reconstruction on LiCoFeO for boosted electrochemical water oxidation.

Appropriate contact between catalysts and reactants calls for optimized exposure of active sites in the near-surface region, which can be accomplished by tuning the surface reconstruction degree. Understanding and conducting the controllable surface reconstruction of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts lays the foundation to finetune their OER activity. Herein, we explore the construction of a tunable amorphous oxyhydroxide shell on LiCoFeO heat-sulfurization, followed by electrochemical treatment.

Strain-Induced Tunable and Field-Free Spintronic THz Emitters Based on Flexible Substrate Heterostructures.

Spintronic THz emitters have been widely studied due to their advantages of broadband frequency, high efficiency, and easy fabrication. The spintronic THz signal is proportional to the magnetization of the ferromagnetic (FM) layer and requires an external magnetic field to maximize the THz signal intensity. Recently, a field-free emitter was designed based on a CoFeB/IrMn heterostructure via the exchange bias between two films.

New insights into uranium biomineralization mediated by Pseudomonas sp. WG2-6 in the presence of organic phosphorus: Promoting effect of extracellular polymeric substance and formation of U-P nanominerals.

Microbial biomineralization significantly affects the uranium (U) behavior in the environment. However, the mechanism of microbial biomineralization of U is still not fully understood. In this study, a dominant bacterium (Pseudomonas sp.

Impact of patent foramen ovale with left-to-right shunt on atrial fibrillation ablation in young patients.

Objective: The CABANA study shows that atrial fibrillation (AF) paitents younger than 65 years benefit more from the AF radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) procedure. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of inherent patent foramen ovale (PFO) with a Left-to-Right Shunt on the RFCA procedure in young AF patients.

Methods: Based on the presence or absence of inherent PFO, the AF patients were divided into the PFO groups and the non-PFO group.

Ligand Engineering of Inorganic Lead Halide Perovskite Quantum Dots toward High and Stable Photoluminescence.

The ligand engineering of inorganic lead halide perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) is an indispensable strategy to boost their photoluminescence stability, which is pivotal for optoelectronics applications. CsPbX (X = Cl, Br, I) PQDs exhibit exceptional optical properties, including high color purity and tunable bandgaps. Despite their promising characteristics, environmental sensitivity poses a challenge to their stability.

Unconventional Magnetic and Magneto-Transport Properties in Quasi-2D NiTaSeS Single Crystal.

Van der Waals (vdW) magnetic materials have broad application prospects in next-generation spintronics. Inserting magnetic elements into nonmagnetic vdW materials can introduce magnetism and enhance various transport properties. Herein, the unconventional magnetic and magneto-transport phenomena is reported in NiTaSeS crystal by intercalating Ni atoms into nonmagnetic 2H-TaSeS matrix.