Novel triple-target panels utilizing methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme-based quantitative PCR for detecting advanced cervical precancers and cancers among high-risk HPV-positive women.

Background: Optimal triage option for high-risk HPV-positive (hrHPV) women remains uncertain. We aimed to utilize methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme-based quantitative PCR (MSRE-qPCR) technique and develop triple-target human gene methylation panels to improve detection of advanced cervical precancers and cancers (CIN3 +) among hrHPV women.

Methods: Eighteen candidate genes were detected by MSRE-qPCR in cervical samples from hrHPV women.

Clinical characteristics and prognostic impact of HPV infection in head and neck cancer patients in china: a nationwide multicenter study.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) has emerged as a major cause of head and neck cancer (HNC), yet nationwide HPV-stratified disease data are still lacking in China. The literature remains divided on the prognostic impact of HPV infection.

Methods: The HNC patients treated from 1 January 2017 to 30 June 2021 were retrospectively identified at nine tertiary A centers representing the seven geographic regions of China.

Deep learning 3D super-resolution radiomics model based on Gd-enhanced MRI for improving preoperative prediction of HCC pathological grading.

Purpose: The histological grade of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an important factor associated with early tumor recurrence and prognosis after surgery. Developing a valuable tool to assess this grade is essential for treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of a deep learning-based three-dimensional super-resolution (SR) magnetic resonance imaging radiomics model for predicting the pathological grade of HCC.

Characteristics of juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis in China, 2011-2021: A hospital-based nationwide study.

Objectives: To assess the demographic and clinical characteristics, treatment and health outcome, and economic burden of juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (JoRRP) in China.

Methods: We identified twelve hospitals mainly responsible for JoRRP management across China to enroll patients presenting for JoRRP between Jan 1, 2011, and Dec 31, 2021. Data were primarily extracted from medical records, and missing values were additionally collected through telephone or outpatient interviews by two researchers independently.

Transcriptional regulation of porcine PABPN1 gene in adipogenesis.

Objective: This study was designed to reveal the transcriptional regulatory mechanism and effects of poly(A)-binding protein nuclear 1 (PABPN1)on adipogenesis and the polymorphisms as well.

Methods: Transcription factors were identified with dual-luciferase reporter assay, overexpression, site-directed mutagenesis, real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), electrophoretic mobility shift assay and Chromatin immunoprecipitation-qPCR. Preadipocyte differentiation was measured with gain- and loss-of-function, Oil Red O staining and extraction assays.

A Novel Hybrid Peptide VLP-Aβ Efficiently Regulates Immunity by Stimulating Myeloid Differentiation Protein and Activating the NF-κB Pathway.

Immunosuppression dramatically increases tissue and organ susceptibility to infection, injury, and even cancer. This poses a serious threat to human and animal health. In a previous study, we established a platform for high-throughput design and screening of multifunctional peptides.

A Novel Hybrid Peptide VLP-Aβ Exhibits Antioxidant Activity In Vitro and In Vivo via KEAP1-NRF2-ARE Signaling Pathway.

Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the development and progression of various diseases. Antioxidant peptides have attracted great attention in agricultural, food, and clinical fields due to their low toxicity, high efficacy, and easy absorption, but the development of antioxidant peptides and their in-depth molecular mechanisms are still lacking. The previous study established a platform for the high-throughput design and screening of multifunctional peptides and successfully identified a novel hybrid peptide, VLP-Aβ (VA), which exhibits both antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties.

Delays in follow-up among women with abnormal results: a retrospective study based on population-based breast cancer screening programme in China.

Objective: Timely diagnostic follow-up subsequent to abnormal results is crucial for the efficacy of breast cancer screening programs. We aimed to identify the frequency and women-level factors of loss or delay in the follow-up for screening abnormalities in China.

Methods: This mixed-methods cohort study comprised a retrospective analysis of ultrasound based breast screening data collected from Boluo (site A), Lilin (site B), and Ordos (site C) in China from 2018 to 2021, and qualitative, semistructured interviews conducted with program leaders from the three local Maternal and Child Health (MCH) hospitals, respectively.

A disproportionality analysis of hydrocortisone-related adverse events: a real-world pharmacovigilance study using the FAERS database.

Background: This study aims to systematically evaluate adverse events (AEs) associated with hydrocortisone through the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database.

Research Designs: AE reports associated with hydrocortisone from Q1 2014 to Q4 2023 were extracted from the FAERS database. Multiple disproportionality analysis techniques, including Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR), Proportional Reporting Ratio (PRR), Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network (BCPNN), and Empirical Bayes Geometric Mean (EBGM), were employed for signal detection.

Multi-omics approaches for biomarker discovery and precision diagnosis of prediabetes.

Recent advancements in multi-omics technologies have provided unprecedented opportunities to identify biomarkers associated with prediabetes, offering novel insights into its diagnosis and management. This review synthesizes the latest findings on prediabetes from multiple omics domains, including genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, microbiomics, and radiomics. We explore how these technologies elucidate the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying prediabetes and analyze potential biomarkers with predictive value in disease progression.

Intrapancreatic adipocytes and beta cell dedifferentiation in human type 2 diabetes.

Aims/hypothesis: Fat deposition in the pancreas is implicated in beta cell dysfunction and the progress of type 2 diabetes. However, there is limited evidence to confirm the correlation and explore how pancreatic fat links with beta cell dysfunction in human type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to examine the spatial relationship between pancreatic fat and islets in human pancreases.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of switching from a bivalent to a nonavalent HPV vaccination programme in China: a modelling study.

Background: Several domestically-manufactured nonavalent HPV vaccine candidates are in phase III clinical trials and their future availability may address the current dilemma of insufficient supply and high price of the overseas-manufactured nonavalent HPV vaccine in China. We compare the population-level effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of switching to nonavalent HPV vaccination in China.

Methods: We used a previously validated transmission model to project the lifetime costs and effectiveness of five same-vaccine and two mixed-vaccine strategies.

SPHK1 enhances olaparib resistance in ovarian cancer through the NFκB/NRF2/ferroptosis pathway.

PARPis resistance is a challenge in the treatment of ovarian cancer. To investigate the potential mechanism involved in olaparib resistance of ovarian cancer, high-throughput sequencing was performed on olaparib-resistant SKOV3 cell line named SK/Ola. SPHK1 was upregulated in SK/Ola cells and was related to the PFS and OS in ovarian cancer patients.

Hybridization Design and High-Throughput Screening of Peptides with Immunomodulatory and Antioxidant Activities.

With the increasing recognition of the role of immunomodulation and oxidative stress in various diseases, designing peptides with both immunomodulatory and antioxidant activities has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy. In this study, a hybridization design was applied as a powerful method to obtain multifunctional peptides. A total of 40 peptides with potential immunomodulatory and antioxidant activities were designed and screened.

Awareness, attendance, and attitudes toward cervical cancer screening among HIV-positive Chinese women in Yunnan province: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Cervical cancer is a major health threat in the female population. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive women encounter a higher risk of cervical cancer. It is significant to promote cervical cancer screening attendance among HIV-positive women.

Molecular hybridization modification improves the stability and immunomodulatory activity of TP5 peptide.

Thymopentin (TP5) plays an important role in host immunomodulation, yet its bioavailability is significantly limited by its short half-life. YW12D is a peptide with strong stability but relatively weak immunoactivity. Tuning the physicochemical properties of such molecules may yield synthetic molecules displaying optimal stability, safety and enhanced immunological activity.

Peptide TaY Attenuates Inflammatory Responses by Interacting with Myeloid Differentiation 2 and Inhibiting NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

A balanced inflammatory response is crucial for the organism to defend against external infections, however, an exaggerated response may lead to detrimental effects, including tissue damage and even the onset of disease. Therefore, anti-inflammatory drugs are essential for the rational control of inflammation. In this study, we found that a previously screened peptide TaY (KEKKEVVEYGPSSYGYG) was able to inhibit the LPS-induced RAW264.

Pain scores reduction with the use of ultrasound-guided paracervical nerve block in patients with cervical cancer undergoing intracavitary brachytherapy: A randomized controlled trial.

Study Objective: To determine the safety and effectiveness of ultrasound-guided paracervical nerve blocks for the painless treatment of patients with cervical cancer post-implantation.

Design: Single-center randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University (July 2023 to October 2023).

Association between dietary inflammatory index and energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index and constipation in US adults.

Background: Diet and inflammation are associated with constipation. Dietary inflammation index (DII) and energy-dietary inflammation index (E-DII) have not been evaluated together with constipation. Therefore, this study was conducted to further observe the relationship between DII and E-DII and constipation in American adults.

Clinical evaluation of primary human papillomavirus (HPV) testing with extended HPV genotyping triage for cervical cancer screening: A pooled analysis of individual patient data from nine population-based cervical cancer screening studies from China.

Objective: To assess the clinical values of extended human papillomavirus (HPV) genotyping in triage of high-risk HPV-positive women, focusing on the trade-off between cervical precancer detections and colposcopy referrals.

Methods: A bivariate random-effects model was used to estimate the diagnostic accuracy of primary HPV screening with following triage strategies to detect cervical precancers: (i) partial genotyping for HPV16/18 combined with cytological testing at atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance threshold (used as the comparator), (ii) genotyping for HPV16/18/58/52, (iii) genotyping for HPV16/18/58/52/33, (iv) genotyping for HPV16/18/58/33/31, (v) genotyping for HPV16/18/58/52/33/31, and (vi) genotyping for HPV16/18/58/52/33/31/39/51. Internal risk benchmarks for clinical management were used to evaluate the risk stratification of each triage strategy.

Remimazolam-based anesthesia in a patient with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy undergoing radical colorectal cancer surgery: A case report.

Background: The goal of anesthesia in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) is to reduce the risk of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction triggered by anesthetics. Remimazolam is a newly developed anesthetic that has been reported to have superior hemodynamic stability. There have been no reports on the completion of non-cardiac surgery with remimazolam in patients with HOCM.