Structural insights into the substrate uptake and inhibition of the human creatine transporter (hCRT).

Creatine plays a vital role in cellular energy production and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) homeostasis and has also been identified as a neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain. Creatine is transported into cells by the human creatine transporter (hCRT) (SLC6A8), an Na/Cl-dependent symporter encoded on the X chromosome. Mutations in hCRT cause cerebral creatine deficiency syndrome 1, a neurological disorder marked by intellectual disability, speech delay, and seizures.

Fast alternating minimization algorithm for coded aperture snapshot spectral imaging based on sparsity and deep image priors.

Coded aperture snapshot spectral imaging is a computational imaging technique used to reconstruct three-dimensional hyperspectral images from one or several two-dimensional projection measurements. However, fewer projection measurements or more spectral channels lead to a severely ill-posed problem, in which case regularization methods have to be applied. In order to significantly improve the accuracy of reconstruction, this paper proposes a fast alternating minimization algorithm based on the sparsity and deep image priors of natural images.

The fetal hydrops-associated single-residue mutation L322P disrupts mechanical but not chemical activation of the PIEZO1 ion channel.

The mechanically activated PIEZO1 ion channel is genetically linked to numerous physiological and pathophysiological processes. For example, deleting in mice leads to defective lymphatic vessel development, while nonsense mutations in humans are associated with autosomal recessive generalized lymphatic dysplasia (GLD) and nonimmune hydrops fetalis. However, it remains unclear whether PIEZO1-dependent biological processes are directly mediated by its intrinsic mechanosensitivity.

Porous nanostructured cationic conjugated polyelectrolyte/titanium dioxide nanosheet heterojunction for enhanced cocatalyst-free photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

Modified TiO photocatalysts face challenges dependence on cocatalysts, weak interfacial interactions, and poor wettability. This work presents an effective strategy by coupling donor-donor (D-D) type cationic conjugated polyelectrolyte poly[(9,9-bis(3'-((N,N-dimethyl)-N-ethylammonium)-propyl)-2,7-fluorene)-alt-2,7-(9,9-dioctylfluorene)]dibromide (PFN-Br) with two-dimensional TiO (2D-TiO₂) nanosheets to construct type-II heterojunctions rich in active sites. Under optimal conditions, the 2D-TiO/50 wt% PFN-Br (2D-Ti/PBr-50) heterojunction achieved a hydrogen evolution reaction of 2621.

The Role of -Sorbose Metabolism in Enhancing Fitness and Virulence in Under Acidic Conditions.

Background: Pathogenic  ) causes a wide range of infections in humans and animals, imposing a significant global health burden. While metabolic flexibility is critical for  fitness to host environments, the role of secondary carbon sources like -Sorbose remains poorly characterized.

Methods: The functional importance of -Sorbose metabolism in  CFT073 was investigated under acidic conditions simulating gastrointestinal and urinary tract environments.

Synthetic models of the nitrogenase FeMo cofactor.

The FeMo cofactor (FeMoco), the key active site in the Mo-based nitrogenase, is one of the most complicated metalloenzyme molecules. Synthesis of the FeMoco model cluster ([MoFeSC]) is essential to understanding its function in dinitrogen binding, activation, and conversion. However, the complex framework of the FeMoco cluster, which features a unique trigonal prismatic [FeC] moiety comprising a -bridging carbide, has made the synthesis of the cluster a persistent challenge.

Emergent mechanics of a networked multivalent protein condensate.

Multivalent proteins can form membraneless condensates in cells by liquid-liquid phase separation, and significant efforts have been made to study their biochemical properties. Here, we demonstrate the emergent mechanics of a functional multivalent condensate reconstituted with six postsynaptic density proteins, using atomic-force-microscopy-based mesoscale rheology and quantitative fluorescence measurements. The measured relaxation modulus and protein mobility reveal that the majority (80%) of the proteins in the condensate are mobile and diffuse through a dynamically cross-linked network made of the remaining (20%) non-mobile scaffold proteins.

Boron-Activated Single-Metal-Site Catalysts Break Adsorption-Energy Scaling Relations for Robust Bifunctional Oxygen Catalysis.

The electrocatalytic oxygen evolution and reduction reaction (OER/ORR) catalysts are paramount to many renewable energy technologies. Atomically-dispersed transition-metal catalysts are compelling alternatives to current dominant noble-metal catalysts, yet they often show inadequate activity for OER and insufficient durability in practical battery operations. Here, we show a rational methodology that enables single-metal-site catalyst to break universal adsorption-energy scaling limitations for both OER/ORR and push bifunctional catalytic performance of transition-metal-dominated catalysts to unprecedented level.

Evaluating Metal-Support Interaction in Formaldehyde Oxidation Using Pd/TiO Catalysts: The Key Role of Mono-Oxygen Vacancies.

Metal-support interactions (MSI) have been widely recognized as playing a key role in regulating the catalytic activity in various reactions. However, clarifying the relationship linking catalyst defect structures, active sites, and catalytic performance for catalysts with a constructed MSI remains a challenge. Here, Pd/TiO catalysts with adjustable MSI were designed and fabricated based on defect engineering.

Strong Anti-Hebbian Plasticity Alters the Convexity of Network Attractor Landscapes.

In this brief, we study recurrent neural networks in the presence of pairwise learning rules. We are specifically interested in how the attractor landscapes of such networks become altered as a function of the strength and nature (Hebbian versus anti-Hebbian) of learning, which may have a bearing on the ability of such rules to mediate large-scale optimization problems. Through formal mathematical analysis, we show that a transition from Hebbian to anti-Hebbian learning brings about a pitchfork bifurcation that destroys convexity in the network attractor landscape.

Compressive Response and Damage Distribution of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete with Various Saturation Degrees.

Tunnels frequently experience issues such as lining spalling and water leakage, making the stability of tunnel support critical for engineering safety. Given that tunnels are subjected to various ground stress disturbances and groundwater influences, it is essential to investigate the mechanical properties and damage mechanisms of tunnel support materials under different loading paths and saturation levels. Fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) is widely used for tunnel support; in this study, uniaxial compression tests were conducted on FRC with different fiber contents (0%, 0.

Adaptive Mo-Fe-S Clusters: Consistent Redox Behavior Versus Reversible Structural Transformations.

Iron-sulfur clusters are critical in a number of important biological processes, where their structural integrity can be maintained or reversibly transformed. However, it remains ambiguous how Fe-S clusters adapt to electrochemical demands for electron transport through redox-induced structural transformations. In this study, three Mo-Fe-S clusters comprising similar or distinct cores with [MoFe] metal centers in different oxidation states have been synthesized.

Aberrant white matter structural connectivity of nucleus accumbens in patients with major depressive disorder: A probabilistic fibre tracing study.

Background: Extensive neuroimaging studies have established that functional abnormalities and morphological alterations in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) are implicated in major depressive disorder (MDD), but changes in its white matter structural connectivity (SC) remain unclear. We aimed to elucidate the changes in the white matter fibre connectivity of the NAc in MDD patients.

Methods: This study used probabilistic fibre tracking to analyze the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data of 125 MDD patients and 129 healthy controls (HCs), calculating the strength of SC (sSC) from bilateral NAc to the entire brain and its correlation with depressive symptoms.

GI-Y2, a novel gasdermin D inhibitor, attenuates sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction by inhibiting gasdermin D-mediated pyroptosis in macrophages.

Background And Purpose: Myocardial dysfunction is a significant complication associated with sepsis. However, there are currently no specific and effective treatments available. Inhibiting gasdermin D (GSDMD)-mediated pyroptosis has shown promise in mitigating sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction.

Clinical diagnosis and treatment experience of 21 case report of isolated sphenoid sinus lesions.

Rationale: With the rapid development of medical science and technology, imaging has become an important part of the diagnosis of diseases, which can provide important information about the morphology and scope of the lesion and its relationship with the surrounding tissues. However, due to the fact that isolated pterygoid sinus lesions often have atypical clinical symptoms, and the location of the lesion is deep and the anatomical structure is complex, its diagnosis still faces one of the important challenges, and the misdiagnosis rate is high. The aim of this study was to explore the clinical symptoms, imaging manifestations, and postoperative pathological features of isolated pterygoid sinus lesions, and to summarize the key points of their diagnosis through systematic retrospective analysis, with a view to providing references for clinicians, reducing the misdiagnosis rate of this disease, and improving the level of diagnosis and treatment.

RDE & dynamometer analysis of light-duty vehicle emissions across altitudes, temperatures, and driving styles.

This study aimed to investigate the impact of altitude, cold start, ambient temperatures, and driving behaviors on the Real Driving Emissions (RDE) of China VI standard light-duty gasoline vehicles. Tests were conducted on actual roads and in vehicle emission environment simulation laboratories at altitudes of 700 m, 1,300 m, 1,900 m, and 2,400 m in Yunnan. The results showed that: (1) as altitude increased, the CO emission factor exhibited a positive correlation trend, peaking at 2400 m with a 2.

Spatial patterns of individual morphological deformation in schizophrenia: Putative cortical compensatory of unaffected sibling.

Background: Neuroimaging advancements have revealed morphological deformation across various indicators, illuminating the neuropathological origins of schizophrenia. However, consolidating the findings across indicators and assessing regional global deformation at individual-level poses a significant challenge.

Methods: We propose individual morphological deformation index (IMDI) as potential biomarker for schizophrenia leveraging a distance algorithm that incorporates three key indicators (cortical thickness, gyrification, and volume), and applied it for 199 schizophrenia patients, 218 healthy controls, and 47 unaffected siblings.

Influence of calcium sources on the bio-mineralization behavior of and induced microbiologically influenced corrosion inhibition.

The influence of different calcium sources on the mineralization behavior of and their roles in microbiologically influenced corrosion inhibition (MICI) of Q235 carbon steel were investigated. Calcium lactate, calcium nitrate, and calcium L-aspartate were selected as alternative calcium sources to assess their effects on bacterial growth, carbonate deposition, and corrosion resistance. exhibited stable growth in all tested media, with the pH exceeding 8 after 14 days, promoting carbonate precipitation.

Synthesis of Pd/SiO catalyst with outstanding ambient-temperature formaldehyde decomposition via NH treatment of silica supports.

Formaldehyde (HCHO) is a significant indoor pollutant found in various sources and poses potential health risks to humans. Noble metal catalysts show efficient and stable catalytic activity for ambient-temperature HCHO oxidation, yet suffer from low metal utilization. Efforts focus on designing catalysts with enhanced intrinsic activity and reduced noble metal loading.

The novel GSDMD inhibitor GI-Y2 exerts antipyroptotic effects to reduce atherosclerosis.

Introduction: Gasdermin D (GSDMD) and the pyroptosis it mediates are importantly involved in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Identifying and developing new inhibitors of GSDMD could be a promising strategy for treating pyroptosis-mediated diseases, such as atherosclerosis.

Objectives: We aimed to develop new inhibitor of GSDMD in atherosclerosis, as well as clarify the mechanisms underlying this inhibiting effect.

Upgrading Electron Transfer with High Conductivity MOF Composites for Supercapacitors.

Supercapacitors (SCs) have emerged as promising energy storage devices, offering flexibility and smart functionalities to meet the growing demands of modern applications. However, challenges such as limited conductivity and stability continue to hinder their performance. Herein, a conductive composite was designed by forming one-dimension rod-like conductive MOFs (Ni-HHTP) on the hierarchical nickel oxalate (Ni-OA).

Finite element analysis of flexural performance of reinforced truss hollow composite concrete slabs.

Combining the advantages of cast-in-place hollow slabs and prefabricated reinforced truss composite concrete slabs, a novel hollow composite slab is proposed, characterized by the inclusion of hollow thin-walled boxes without reinforcement at the edges, referred to as the hollow composite slab. To further investigate the flexural performance and critical design parameters of the hollow composite slab, numerical simulations were conducted using the finite element software ABAQUS. Based on the actual specimen fabrication and test results, the rationality of the finite element modeling was validated.

Efficient silver nanowires/cellulose electrothermal material with enhanced stability for printable chameleon-inspired camouflage device.

Stimuli-responsive camouflage systems with printable architectures and long-term stability are of paramount importance in advanced military applications. In such adaptive camouflage devices, the stimulus-responsive layer that modulates chromatic properties plays a pivotal role. A critical challenge in electrothermal-actuated camouflage systems lies in mitigating the aggregation and enhancing the temporal stability of solution-processed silver nanowires (AgNWs) employed as the active stimulus layer.

Spatial metabolomics in mental disorders and traditional Chinese medicine: a review.

Spatial metabolomics is an emerging technology that integrates mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) with metabolomics, offering a novel visual perspective for traditional metabolomics analysis. This technology enables in-depth analysis in three dimensions: qualitative, quantitative, and localization of metabolites. Spatial metabolomics precisely reflects the characteristics of metabolic network changes in metabolites within entire tissues or specific micro-regions.

[Retracted] CIP2A, an oncoprotein, is associated with cell proliferation, invasion and migration in laryngeal carcinoma cells.

Subsequently to the publication of the above paper, an interested reader has drawn to our attention that five pairs of data panels in Fig. 3A and B, showing the results of Transwell invasion and migration assay experiments, were overlapping, such that data which were intended to show the results from a number of differently performed experiments had apparently been derived from the same original sources. Following an independent assessment of these data in the Editorial Office, the Editor of has decided that this article should be retracted from the publication on account of a lack of confidence in the integrity of the presented data.