Porous nanostructured cationic conjugated polyelectrolyte/titanium dioxide nanosheet heterojunction for enhanced cocatalyst-free photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

Modified TiO photocatalysts face challenges dependence on cocatalysts, weak interfacial interactions, and poor wettability. This work presents an effective strategy by coupling donor-donor (D-D) type cationic conjugated polyelectrolyte poly[(9,9-bis(3'-((N,N-dimethyl)-N-ethylammonium)-propyl)-2,7-fluorene)-alt-2,7-(9,9-dioctylfluorene)]dibromide (PFN-Br) with two-dimensional TiO (2D-TiO₂) nanosheets to construct type-II heterojunctions rich in active sites. Under optimal conditions, the 2D-TiO/50 wt% PFN-Br (2D-Ti/PBr-50) heterojunction achieved a hydrogen evolution reaction of 2621.

Efficient silver nanowires/cellulose electrothermal material with enhanced stability for printable chameleon-inspired camouflage device.

Stimuli-responsive camouflage systems with printable architectures and long-term stability are of paramount importance in advanced military applications. In such adaptive camouflage devices, the stimulus-responsive layer that modulates chromatic properties plays a pivotal role. A critical challenge in electrothermal-actuated camouflage systems lies in mitigating the aggregation and enhancing the temporal stability of solution-processed silver nanowires (AgNWs) employed as the active stimulus layer.

Designed wrinkles for optical encryption and flexible integrated circuit carrier board.

Patterns on polymers usually have different mechanical properties as those of the substrates, causing deformation or distortion and even detachment of the patterns from the polymer substrates. Herein, we present a wrinkling strategy, which utilizes photolithography to define the area of stress distribution by light-induced physical crosslinking of polymers and controls diffusion of residual solvent to redistribute the stress and then offers the same material for patterns as substrate by thermal polymerization, providing uniform wrinkles without worrying about force relaxation. The strategy allows the recording and hiding of up to eight switchable images in one place that can be read by the naked eye without crosstalk, applying the wrinkled polymer for optical anti-counterfeiting.

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As counterfeit techniques continue to evolve, ensuring the security of conventional "static" encryption methods becomes increasingly challenging. Here, the viscoelasticity-controlled relaxation is introduced for the first time in a bilayer wrinkling system by regulating the density of hydrogen bond networks in polymer to construct a "dynamic" encryption material. The wrinkling surface can manipulate light during the dynamic relaxation process, exhibiting three stages with frosted glass, structural color, and mirror reflection.

Pencil-like Hollow Carbon Nanotubes Embedded CoP-VP Heterostructures as a Bifunctional Catalyst for Electrocatalytic Overall Water Splitting.

Electrocatalytic water splitting is one of the most efficient ways of producing green hydrogen energy. The design of stable, active, and efficient electrocatalysts plays a crucial role in water splitting for achieving efficient energy conversion from electrical to hydrogen energy, aimed at solving the lingering energy crisis. In this work, CNT composites modified with CoP-VP composites (CoVO-10-CNT-450P) were formed by carbonising a pencil-like precursor (CoVO-HO) and growing carbon nanotubes in situ, followed by in situ phosphorylation on the carbon nanotubes.

Preoperative Virtual Reduction Planning Algorithm of Fractured Pelvis Based on Adaptive Templates.

Objective: The minimally invasive treatment of pelvic fractures is one of the most challenging trauma orthopedics surgeries, where preoperative planning is crucial for the performance and outcome of the surgery. However, planning the ideal position of fragments currently relies heavily on the experience of the surgeon.

Methods: A pelvic fracture virtual reduction algorithm for target position is provided based on statistical shape models (SSM).

Prior information-based high-resolution tomography image reconstruction from a single digitally reconstructed radiograph.

Tomography images are essential for clinical diagnosis and trauma surgery, allowing doctors to understand the internal information of patients in more detail. Since the large amount of x-ray radiation from the continuous imaging during the process of computed tomography scanning can cause serious harm to the human body, reconstructing tomographic images from sparse views becomes a potential solution to this problem. Here we present a deep-learning framework for tomography image reconstruction, namely TIReconNet, which defines image reconstruction as a data-driven supervised learning task that allows a mapping between the 2D projection view and the 3D volume to emerge from corpus.

Anionic donor-acceptor conjugated polymer dots/g-CN nanosheets heterojunction: High efficiency and excellent stability for co-catalyst-free photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

Herein, we have assembled an anionic donor-acceptor (D-A) conjugated polyelectrolyte dots (Pdots), based on bithiophene units-containing backbone and sulfonate modified side chain (PCP-2F-Li), with porous g-CN nanosheets (CNNS) into a new 0D/2D heterojunction (PCP-2F-Li Pdots/CNNS). The well-matched energy levels of PCP-2F-Li and CNNS and the strong electron-donating sulfinates in PCP-2F-Li can significantly accelerate the interfacial electron transfer in heterojunction, while the strong hydrophilicity of PCP-2F-Li can improve the interface wetting and promote the photocatalytic water-splitting. As such, PCP-2F-Li Pdots/CNNS can be used for efficient co-catalyst-free water splitting with a hydrogen evolution rate (HER) of 1932.

Preparation of Flame-Retardant Polyurethane and Its Applications in the Leather Industry.

As a novel polymer, polyurethane (PU) has been widely applied in leather, synthetic leather, and textiles due to its excellent overall performance. Nevertheless, conventional PU is flammable and its combustion is accompanied by severe melting and dripping, which then generates hazardous fumes and gases. This defect limits PU applications in various fields, including the leather industry.

Capturing Visible Light in Low-Band-Gap C N-Derived Responsive Bifunctional Air Electrodes for Solar Energy Conversion and Storage.

We report facile synthesis of low-band-gap mesoporous C N particles and their use as responsive bifunctional oxygen catalysts for visible-light-sensitive (VLS) rechargeable Zn-air battery (RZAB) and polymer-air battery (RPAB). Compared to widely studied g-C N , C N shows a smaller band gap of 1.99 eV, with a larger photocurrent response, and it can function as visible-light-harvesting antenna and bifunctional oxygen reduction/evolution (ORR/OER) catalysts, enabling effective photocoupling to tune oxygen catalysis.

Construction of Charring-Functional Polyheptanazine towards Improvements in Flame Retardants of Polyurethane.

Nitrogen-containing flame retardants have been extensively applied due to their low toxicity and smoke-suppression properties; however, their poor charring ability restricts their applications. Herein, a representative nitrogen-containing flame retardant, polyheptanazine, was investigated. Two novel, cost-effective phosphorus-doped polyheptazine (PCN) and cobalt-anchored PCN (Co@PCN) flame retardants were synthesized via a thermal condensation method.

Autotaxin-LPA receptor axis in the pathogenesis of lung diseases.

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a small lipid which mediates a variety of cellular functions via the activation of LPA receptors. LPA is generated from lysophosphatidylcholine by the extracellular enzyme, autotaxin (ATX). Elevated ATX expression, LPA production and their signaling pathways have been reported in multiple pathological conditions of lung tissue, including inflammation, fibrosis and cancer.

[Intervention of glypican-3 genetic transcription on anti-proliferative effect of hepatoma cells with high metastatic potentiality].

Objective: To explore the silencing glypican-3 (GPC-3) gene transcription by specific small hairpin RNA (shRNA) on the inhibition of hepatoma cells with high metastatic potentiality and hepatoma growth.

Methods: After MHCC-97H cells were transfected with higher effective GPC-3-shRNA, GPC-3 mRNA was analyzed by multiple FG-RT-PCR or protein by Western blot. Cell proliferation was detected by 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine and sulforhodamine B assay, its migratory metastasis and invasiveness by wound healing or transwell chamber system and cell apoptosis was detected by Caspase-Glo(®) 3/7 Luminescence assay.

[Short hairpin RNA mediated glypican-3 silencing inhibits hepatoma cell invasiveness and disrupts molecular pathways of angiogenesis].

Objective: To construct glypican-3 (GPC-3) short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and investigate the effects of GPC-3 transcription silencing on hepatoma cell invasion and angiogenesis mechanisms.

Methods: GPC-3-specific shRNA and non-target control shRNA were constructed and transfected into the human hepatoma cell lines HepG2, MHCC-97H, and Huh7. shRNA-mediated silencing of GPC-3 expression was confirmed at the mRNA and protein levels by fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription (FQRT)-PCR and western blotting, respectively.

Annexin A2 silencing inhibits invasion, migration, and tumorigenic potential of hepatoma cells.

Aim: To investigate the effects of Annexin A2 (ANXA2) silencing on invasion, migration, and tumorigenic potential of hepatoma cells.

Methods: Human hepatoma cell lines [HepG2, SMMC-7721, SMMC-7402, and MHCC97-H, a novel human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line with high metastasis potential] and a normal hepatocyte cell line (LO2) were used in this study. The protein and mRNA expression levels of ANXA2 were analysed by western blotting and real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively.