Compensatory retinal blood flow enhancement in cognitively normal ApoE ε4 carriers.

This study aims to compare retinal vascular characteristics between ApoE ε4 carriers and non-carriers in healthy individuals. A total of 84 cognitively healthy subjects-64 non-carriers and 20 carriers of the ApoE ε4 allele-were analyzed using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA). In the retinal vascular layer of OCTA images, parameters such as foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, vessel perimeter, acircularity index (AI), and vascular density (FD) were quantified.

A review of interface optimization strategies for solid electrolytes and anode materials.

With the increasing demand for high-performance power batteries in electric vehicles, low-altitude economy, military applications, and other fields, existing liquid electrolyte-based battery technologies are gradually becoming incapable of meeting the energy density and safety requirements. New battery systems based on solid electrolytes are the main candidate materials for future power batteries owing to their high safety and energy density. Thus far, researchers have conducted extensive studies on the ionic/electronic transfer mechanisms of solid electrolytes and electrode materials, as well as the cooperative effects and interface issues between them.

Chiral Strategy for Developing High-Performance Polymeric Gadolinium-Based MRI Contrast Agents for Vascular and Tumor Imaging.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a critical tool in medical diagnostics, yet conventional MRI contrast agents (CAs) are often limited by their small-molecule nature, resulting in rapid clearance and low relaxivity. This study presents a chiral strategy for developing high-performance polymeric gadolinium-based CAs, PAA-EOB-GdA and PAA-EOB-GdB, tailored for enhanced vascular and tumor imaging. Notably, PAA-EOB-GdA, a chiral Gd-DOTA derivative integrated with sodium poly-(acrylic acid) (PAA), benefits from the optimized water exchange rate of chiral Gd-(III) complex and the polymer effect of PAA, exhibiting exceptionally high relaxivity ( = 37.

Innovation and entrepreneurship education for medical students: a global bibliometric analysis (2000-2024).

College students are important contributors to global innovation and entrepreneurship, making it increasingly important to improve related education, especially in medical schools. However, challenges remain due to the specific nature of medical training, economic differences across countries, and the lack of a well-developed system. In some regions, limited understanding has led to ineffective efforts and poor results, which has hindered progress, underscoring the need for a strategic, context-aware approach to innovation and entrepreneurship education in medical schools.

CeO-Modified NiP/FeP as Efficient Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Water Splitting.

Developing efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts with excellent stability at high current densities for overall water splitting is a challenging yet essential objective. However, transition metal phosphides encounter issues such as poor dispersibility, low specific surface area, and limited electronic conductivity, which hinder the achievement of satisfactory performance. Therefore, this study presents the highly efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst of CeO-modified NiFe phosphide on nickel foam (CeO/NiP/FeP/NF).

Shrub effect on grassland community assembly depends on plant functional traits and shrub morphology.

An accurate assessment of shrub-herb interactions is challenging because shrubs can facilitate herb growth as nurse plants and negatively affect herbs as competitors. As responses to the effects of neighbors are often trait dependent, the impact of shrubs on grassland communities may differ with a variation in herb functional traits. In 2020, we surveyed the structure and functional pattern of 160 Qinghai-Tibet alpine grassland communities under the canopy of four dominant shrub species and their surrounding open areas.

Discovery of 4-(2-phenylethynyl) benzoic acid as a potential potent chemical pruner.

Rocketing labor cost is a major challenge threatening agricultural sustainability and food security worldwide. The replacement of manual pruning of horticultural plants with chemical pruning has long been a goal for saving cost and reducing virus spreading. Here, guided by the structure-function relationship of allelochemical benzoic acid derivatives, we have identified 4-(2-phenylethynyl)-benzoicacid (PEBA) as a highly bioactive compound.

3D Network Spacer-Embedded Flexible Iontronic Pressure Sensor Array with High Sensitivity over a Broad Sensing Range.

Microstructure construction is a common strategy for enhancing the sensitivity of flexible pressure sensors, but it typically requires complex manufacturing techniques. In this study, we develop a flexible iontronic pressure sensor (FIPS) by embedding an isolated three-dimensional network spacer (3DNS) between an ionic gel and a flexible TiCT MXene electrode, thereby avoiding complex microstructure construction techniques. By leveraging substantial deformation of the 3DNS and the high capacitance density resulting from the electrical double layer effect, the sensor exhibits high sensitivity (87.

Improved HER/OER Performance of NiS/MoS Composite Modified by CeO and LDH.

In recent years, there has been significant interest in transition-metal sulfides (TMSs) due to their economic affordability and excellent catalytic activity. Nevertheless, it is difficult for TMSs to achieve satisfactory performance due to problems such as low conductivity, limited catalytic activity, and inadequate stability. Therefore, a catalyst with a heterostructure constituted of a nickel-iron-layered double hydroxide, nickel sulfide, molybdenum disulfide, and cerium dioxide was designed.

Microscopic Processing of Transparent Material with Nanosecond and Ultrafast Lasers.

Due to their excellent light transmission, heat resistance, corrosion resistance, high mechanical strength, and other characteristics, transparent materials have been widely used in emerging industries such as aviation, aerospace, microelectronics, interconnected communication, etc. Compared with the traditional mechanical processing and chemical processing of transparent materials, laser processing, with such characteristics as a high peak power, high energy density, and non-contact processing, has a lot of obvious advantages in processing efficiency and accuracy. In this paper, some of the recent research advancements concerning the laser processing of transparent materials are introduced in detail.

Design, Synthesis, and Antiviral and Fungicidal Activities of 4-Oxo-4-quinolin-1-yl Acylhydrazone Derivatives.

To discover novel antiviral agents, based on the high antiviral activity of (4-oxo-4-quinolin-1-yl)-acetic acid hydrazide (), a series of 4-oxo-4-quinoline acylhydrazone derivatives were designed, synthesized, and first evaluated for their antiviral and fungicidal activities. Most acylhydrazone derivatives exhibited moderate to good antiviral activities in vivo. The inactive, curative, and protective activities of compounds (51.

A viral small interfering RNA-host plant mRNA pathway modulates virus-induced drought tolerance by enhancing autophagy.

Virus-induced drought tolerance presents a fascinating facet of biotic-abiotic interaction in plants, yet its molecular intricacies remain unclear. Our study shows that cowpea mild mottle virus (CPMMV) infection enhances drought tolerance in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) plants through a virus-derived small interfering RNA (vsiRNA)-activated autophagy pathway. Specifically, a 21 nt vsiRNA originating from the CPMMV Triple Gene Block1 (TGB1) gene targeted the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of the host Teosinte branched 1, Cycloidea, Proliferating Cell Factor (TCP) transcription factor gene PvTCP2, independent of the known role of TGB1 as an RNA silencing suppressor.

AQP4-DARPin1: A Chimeric Antigen Based on Scaffold Protein DARPin for Efficient Detection of AQP4-IgG in NMOSD.

AQP4-IgG is an autoantibody associated with neuromyelitis optica spectroscopic disorder (NMOSD), a central nervous system inflammatory disease that requires early diagnosis and treatment. We designed two fusion proteins, AQP4-DARPin1 and AQP4-DARPin2, comprising the complete antigenic epitopes of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and the constant region of the scaffold protein DARPin. These fusion proteins were expressed and purified from and coated on microplates to develop an efficient method for detecting AQP4-IgG.

Selective penetration of fullerenol through pea seed coats mitigates osmosis-repressed germination via chromatin remodeling and transcriptional reprograming.

Background: The alteration of chromatin accessibility plays an important role in plant responses to abiotic stress. Carbon-based nanomaterials (CBNMs) have attracted increasing interest in agriculture due to their potential impact on crop productivity, showcasing effects on plant biological processes at transcriptional levels; however, their impact on chromatin accessibility remains unknown.

Results: This study found that fullerenol can penetrate the seed coat of pea to mitigate the reduction of seed germination caused by osmotic stress.

Nutrient content and resorption efficiency of leaves of broad-leaved trees along altitudes in Wuyi Mountains, China.

To reveal the variation of leaf nutrient utilization strategies with altitude gradient in subtropical mountain broadleaved trees, 44 species of broadleaved trees at different altitudes (1400, 1600 and 1800 m) in Wuyi Mountains were selected to measure nutrient content, stoichiometric ratio, and nutrient resorption efficiency of green and senescent leaves, and analyzed their allometric growth relationships. The results showed that nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) contents in green leaves were significantly higher than those in senescent leaves, which increased with the increases of altitude. The average values of phosphorus resorption efficiency (PRE) and nitrogen resorption efficiency (NRE) were 48.

Understanding water conservation vs. profligation traits in vegetable legumes through a physio-transcriptomic-functional approach.

Vegetable soybean and cowpea are related warm-season legumes showing contrasting leaf water use behaviors under similar root drought stresses, whose mechanisms are not well understood. Here we conducted an integrative phenomic-transcriptomic study on the two crops grown in a feedback irrigation system that enabled precise control of soil water contents. Continuous transpiration rate monitoring demonstrated that cowpea used water more conservatively under earlier soil drought stages, but tended to maintain higher transpiration under prolonged drought.

The spatial pattern and influencing factors of tourism eco-efficiency in Inner Mongolia, China.

Background: Tourism eco-efficiency is a performance basis for evaluating green total factor productivity and sustainable development.

Objective: The objective of this study was to measure tourism eco-efficiency in Inner Mongolia and explore its influencing factors. The aim was to provide an accurate reference for improving the quality and efficiency of tourism in Inner Mongolia and promoting the sustainable development of the regional economy and society.

Transcriptome Dynamics of Common Bean Roots Exposed to Various Heavy Metals Reveal Valuable Target Genes and Promoters for Genetic Engineering.

Understanding the gene regulatory basis of plant response to heavy metals (HMs) is fundamental for the management of food safety and security. However, a comprehensive and comparative view of the plant responses to different HMs is still lacking. Here, we compared root transcriptomes in common bean under 9 HM treatments at 50 μM for three time points each.

The Anatomical Basis of Heavy Metal Responses in Legumes and Their Impact on Plant-Rhizosphere Interactions.

Rapid industrialization, urbanization, and mine tailings runoff are the main sources of heavy metal contamination of agricultural land, which has become one of the major constraints to crop growth and productivity. Finding appropriate solutions to protect plants and agricultural land from heavy metal pollution/harmful effects is important for sustainable development. Phytoremediation and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are promising methods for this purpose, which both heavily rely on an appropriate understanding of the anatomical structure of plants.

Bicalutamide, an androgen receptor antagonist, effectively alleviate allergic rhinitis via suppression of PI3K-PKB activity.

Objectives: To investigate the therapeutic effect of Bicalutamide, an androgen receptor antagonist on the onset and development of allergic rhinitis in an animal model.

Methods: 40 male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into five groups (eight mice per group). Aluminum hydroxide powder was used as an adjuvant, combined with Ovalbumin (OVA) to establish the mouse model of allergic rhinitis via ultrasonic nebulization of OVA to stimulate the nasal cavity.