Friction-Induced PTFE Coating on Dental Restorative Resin with Ultralow Friction and Wear.

Dental restorative materials often suffer from premature failure due to wear caused by oral activities, such as brushing and chewing, which remains a critical challenge in clinical practice. To address this issue, we developed a friction-induced PTFE coating (FIPC) technology that constructs transfer films by the friction of PTFE balls and applied it to a novel zirconia/silica (ZrO/SiO) gel filler-modified photocurable composite resin. Optical micrographs and Raman spectroscopy results demonstrate that FIPC can be prepared on-demand without damaging the substrate surface.

Prognostic value of FIB-4 and NFS for cardiovascular events in patients with and without NAFLD.

Background: The association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is well studied. Liver fibrosis is the main histopathologic manifestations of NAFLD. However, whether concomitant NAFLD influence the association of non-invasive liver fibrosis scores with CVD remains unclear.

A photothermal-promoted cascade nanozyme to enhance hydroxyl radical/nitric oxide generation for reactive oxygen species-modulated catalytic/gas therapy.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are critical in tumor therapy, but the antioxidant tumor microenvironment severely restricts the ROS-modulated antitumor efficacy. In this study, a photothermal-promoted cascade nanozyme (MnO@Lap/PAH/L-Arg@Au) was constructed by modifying β-lapachone (β-Lap), poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH), and L-arginine (L-Arg) and depositing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on hollow manganese dioxide (MnO), enhancing ROS-modulated catalytic/gas combination therapy. The pH- and glutathione-responsive hollow MnO degradation released β-Lap to elevate the generation of hydrogen peroxide (HO), which substantially activated and AuNPs-mediated hydroxyl radical (·OH) generation.

Multiparametric MRI-Based Intratumoral and Peritumoral Radiomics for Distinguishing Solitary Intrahepatic Mass-Forming Cholangiocarcinoma From Colorectal Liver Metastases.

Objective: To establish a model based on intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics for preoperatively differentiating solitary intrahepatic mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma (IMCC) lesions from colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM).

Methods: Preoperative MRI scans from IMCC patients were retrospectively obtained from three academic medical centers. Radiomics features were extracted from the intratumoral and multiple peritumoral regions.

Nanomaterials engineered for photothermal therapy in neural tumors and neurodegenerative diseases: biomaterial design, clinical mechanisms and applications.

The rising incidence of neural tumors and neurodegenerative diseases cause significant health, emotional, and financial burdens. Conventional treatments like surgery and chemotherapy often lack effectiveness. However, advancements in nanotechnology, particularly photothermal therapy (PTT), offer new hope.

Histopathological and ultrastructural changes in different cell types during ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.

Stroke is a disease of the central nervous system that leads to high rates of morbidity and mortality, along with limited treatment options. This condition is frequently linked to pathologic alterations at the ultrastructural level within diverse neuronal components, including cell bodies, neurites, and synapses, as well as in glial cells like astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes. These changes include alterations in the shape and size of cell bodies, disruption of neurites, and changes in the density and distribution of synapses.

Identification of the pathological subtypes of lung cancer brain metastases with multiparametric MRI radiomics: A feasibility study.

This study was aimed at differentiating brain metastases (BMs) from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) vs. small cell lung cancer (SCLC), and the adenocarcinoma (AD) vs. non-adenocarcinoma (NAD) subtypes, according to radiomics features derived from multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Prospective multicenter validation of a machine learning model for predicting anastomotic leakage in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma undergoing total or proximal gastrectomy.

Objective: Predicting esophago-gastric and esophagojejunal anastomotic leakage (AL) is inherently challenging. The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical utility of a real-time machine learning model for predicting AL.

Background: AL is one of the most serious postoperative complications following esophagogastric and esophagojejunal anastomoses.

Chronic kidney disease as a catalyst for cerebral microbleeds: understanding the underlying mechanisms and treatment approaches.

Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are tiny deposits of blood degradation products in the brain that appear as small, low-signal lesions on magnetic resonance imaging paramagnetic susceptibility sequences. They are common forms of the cerebral small-vessel diseases and are thought to be associated with serious consequences such as cognitive decline and increased risk of stroke. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a chronic disease in which renal impairment lasts for more than 3 months and is often accompanied by pathophysiologic changes such as inflammation, abnormal vascular endothelial function, and increased oxidative stress.

Evaluating predictive models for hemorrhagic transformation post-mechanical thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke.

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS), a condition defined by a decrease in cerebral blood flow, is primarily treated through mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for blockages in major anterior circulation arteries. Approaches encompass stent retrieval, suction thrombectomy, or a combination of both. MT is increasingly recognized for its rapid revascularization, low hemorrhagic transformation (HT) rate, and extended therapeutic time window.

Cancer biomarkers discovered using pan-cancer plasma proteomic profiling.

Mass-spectrometry-based proteomic data of tumour patient plasma samples present opportunities for improving cancer detection. Here we generate plasma proteomic profiles from 2,251 pan-cancer patient samples and investigate potential diagnostic biomarkers. Proteomic subtyping with different dominant tumour types links proteomic features and clinical indicators such as tumour stage.

Developments in MRI radiomics research for vascular cognitive impairment.

Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is an umbrella term for diseases associated with cognitive decline induced by substantive brain damage following pathological changes in the cerebrovascular system. The primary clinical manifestations include behavioral abnormalities and diminished learning and memory cognitive functions. If the location and extent of brain injury are not identified early and therapeutic interventions are not promptly administered, it may lead to irreversible cognitive impairment.

Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals Causal Relationships and Potential Mediators Between Dietary Preferences and Risk of NAFLD.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent condition closely associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome, with its global incidence on the rise. This study aims to explore the causal relationship between dietary preferences and NAFLD risk using multi-omics analysis, and to comprehensively explore possible mediating factors and their underlying mechanisms. We analyzed data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to assess the potential genetic links between various dietary preferences and NAFLD.

Unraveling the composition and function of pig gut microbiome from metagenomics.

The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in intestinal maturation, metabolism, and immunoregulation, significantly influencing the host's health and growth performance. This review highlights the use of metagenomic techniques to the composition, function, and dynamic changes of the pig gut microbiota. Research has revealed that environmental and host factors, particularly diet, drive significant variations in microbial composition, which in turn shape host epigenetics through microbial components and metabolites.

Randomized comparison of AI enhanced 3D printing and traditional simulations in hepatobiliary surgery.

We employed a three-phase approach, culminating in a randomized controlled trial, to assess the efficacy of 3D-printed liver models in hepatobiliary surgical planning. Phase one involved developing and selecting 35 optimal 3DP models based on timeliness, cost, precision, and alignment with digital simulations. Phase two utilized deep learning algorithms to optimize the 3D reconstruction process, significantly enhancing efficiency and accuracy compared to manual segmentation.

Recognizing bilateral sudden hearing loss as a sentinel sign of basilar artery occlusion: insights from endovascular case series.

Objective: To improve early diagnosis of patients who have basilar artery occlusion (BAO) and to provide evidence for treatment decisions based on clinical characteristics, treatment strategies, and prognostic outcomes of cases of bilateral hearing loss as a prodromal symptom.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of six patients who had BAO with an initial symptom of hearing loss. This analysis encompassed demographic data, clinical symptoms, examination findings, treatment approaches, and prognostic outcomes.

Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) Dysfunction in CNS Diseases: Paying Attention to Pericytes.

Background: Dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is an important pathological mechanism in central nervous system (CNS) diseases and can trigger a series of pathological reactions, such as neuroinflammatory responses, oxidative stress, immune infiltration, etc., thereby worsening brain damage. However, pericytes are often overlooked by researchers, and no review research has yet summarized the mechanism by which pericytes contribute to BBB dysfunction in CNS diseases.

MRI-based quantification of intratumoral heterogeneity for intrahepatic mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma grading: a multicenter study.

Objective: This study aimed to develop a quantitative approach to measure intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) using MRI scans and predict the pathological grading of intrahepatic mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma (IMCC).

Methods: Preoperative MRI scans from IMCC patients were retrospectively obtained from five academic medical centers, covering the period from March 2018 to April 2024. Radiomic features were extracted from the whole tumor and its subregions, which were segmented using K-means clustering.

Recognition of dynamic angry expressions in socially anxious individuals: An ERP study.

Dynamic facial expressions provide temporal information and ecological validity. In this study, participants with high and low social anxiety were instructed to recognise dynamic expressions of anger at different intensities (15 %, 21 %, 27 %, 33 %, 39 %, 45 %). At the same time, their brain electrical activity was recorded.

The role of metal ion metabolism in the pathogenesis of diabetes and associated complications.

Diabetes is a growing health concern, accompanied by significant complications like cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and retinopathy. Metal ions, including iron, zinc, and copper, play a crucial role in maintaining human health through their balance within the body. Disruptions in metal ion balance can intensify diabetic conditions.

Tiny trouble: microplastics, nanoplastics, and their heartfelt impact on cardiovascular health.

Microplastics and nanoplastics are ubiquitous environmental pollutants that pose significant health risks. Several studies have reported the presence of these particles in various human tissues, including the heart, arterial plaques, and bloodstream of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions. Emerging research suggests an association between these particles and an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases.

The association between TyG index and cardiovascular mortality is modified by antidiabetic or lipid-lowering agent: a prospective cohort study.

Background: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is recognized as an alternative measure of insulin resistance (IR) and has been linked to the risks of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate whether the association between the TyG index and CVD mortality is influenced by the use of antidiabetic and hypolipidemic agents, given their potential modifying effects on the TyG index.

Methods: Participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2018) were included in the study.

Exploring the progress and trends of immunotherapy for type 1 diabetes: A comprehensive bibliometric analysis spanning nearly two decades.

Introduction: Immunotherapy is a crucial treatment for type 1 diabetes (T1D), yet analyses focusing on research priorities and trends in this field are limited. Therefore, this study employs bibliometric methods to systematically explore the current research status of immunotherapy for T1D.

Methods: Based on the Web of Science Core Collection Database, 1573 articles and review articles related to immunotherapy for T1D published from 2004 to 2023 were screened for bibliometric analysis.

Does diabetes modify the triglyceride-glucose index associated with cardiovascular events and mortality? A meta-analysis of 50 cohorts involving 7,239,790 participants.

Introduction: Previous studies highlighted the association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes. However, whether diabetes affects TyG-cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is still unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the TyG index and CVD risk, stratified by diabetes status, as well as the potential modifying effect of diabetic status.