Development of a Theranostic Agent for Bone Metastases: Integration of Nuclear Medicine Imaging and Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT).

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is one of the promising cancer treatment methods with B-labeled compounds and neutron irradiation. The B(n,α)Li reaction produces a Li nucleus and an α-particle with high linear energy transfer, which are responsible for the therapeutic effects. We hypothesized that BNCT could effectively treat bone metastases by selectively accumulating B at metastatic lesion sites.

A Wood-Derived Janus Aerogel with Excellent Salt Resistance for Highly Efficient Interfacial Solar Evaporation and Wastewater Purification.

Interfacial solar-driven steam generation, which is recognized as an emerging fresh water acquisition technique, has attracted widespread scientific attention recently. Developing stable and sustainable solar evaporators featuring desirable evaporation performance, wonderful salt rejection, and superior wastewater purification remains a sizable challenge. Herein, a Janus aerogel derived from natural balsa wood was successfully fabricated through facile procedures such as chemical removal, freeze-drying, and subsequent deposition.

Human Corneal Lenticules Decorated with Mesenchymal-Stem-Cells-Encapsulated Microneedles for Cornea Stroma Regeneration.

Human corneal stromal lenticules obtained from refractive surgeries have merged as a promising alternative for corneal regeneration, although their applications face challenges such as rejection reactions, inflammatory responses, and graft instability. To overcome these challenges, we developed decellularized human stromal lenticules integrated with microneedles, designed as a delivery matrix for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to facilitate corneal regeneration. The microneedle patches consist of MSC-encapsulated methacrylated hyaluronic acid (HAMA) hydrogel needle tips with a corneal lenticule-based supporting substrate.

Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, Safety, and Tolerability of HSK39297 in Chinese Healthy Subjects: A Phase 1 Clinical Trial.

HSK39297 is a novel complement factor B inhibitor, and this phase 1 trial was designed to assess its pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), safety, and tolerability in healthy Chinese subjects. This study included 46 subjects in the single ascending dose (SAD) part (50-600 mg) and 50 subjects in the multiple ascending dose (MAD) part (50-125 mg BID and 200-300 mg QD). Among them, a food effect study was conducted in the SAD 200 mg group.

The Functional DPP4 Receptor Is an Indispensable Factor Mediating the Immune Performance of Mucosal Vaccines for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome.

Mucosal vaccines are powerful tools for combatting emerging infectious diseases, particularly mucosal-associated pathogens. However, one of the main bottlenecks in developing mucosal vaccines is the lack of accurate animal models. In this study, a vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-vectored Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) mucosal vaccine was designed for investigations.

A Pilot Study of Lyophilized Decellularized Storage of SMILE-Derived Lenticules.

Purpose: To assess the feasibility and biocompatibility of a novel approach for preserving small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) surgery-derived lenticules by integrating decellularization and lyophilization techniques.

Methods: A total of 72 lenticules were divided into two distinct groups: the lyophilized decellularized storage group, which underwent treatment with Triton X-100 and sodium dodecyl sulfate, followed by freeze-drying and storage at -20°C for 24 hours; and the control group, which was stored in a sterile plastic vial at room temperature after extraction. Comprehensive analyses, including scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy, hematoxylin-eosin staining, transmittance measurements, and live/dead staining, were conducted on all lenticules to evaluate their preserved properties.

Lanthanide metal-organic frameworks based smart labels for accurate temperature monitoring.

Lanthanide metal-organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs) have temperature-responsive luminescent properties for sensing applications. In this study, we developed a dual-emission fluorescent label (SCF-TGIC@MOF) with temperature-responsive properties, achieved by doping epoxy-modified Eu-MOF (TGIC@Eu-MOF) into a sodium alginate/carboxymethylcellulose composite substrate containing fluorescein (SCF). The composites modified with triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGIC) showed improved fluorescence intensity, thermal stability, and relative sensitivity compared with unmodified Eu-MOF.

The Specificity Rates of Clarus 500™ Ultra-Wide-Field Retinal Imaging for Detecting Peripheral Retinal Lesions in Medium-to-High Myopia Eyes.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to investigate the specificity of Clarus 500™, an ultra-wide-field (UWF) fundus camera, for detecting peripheral retinal lesions in myopic eyes.

Methods: This diagnostic test included 436 eyes from 221 patients with myopia before refractive surgery. The mean age was 28.

Constructing carboxylated cellulose nanofibers/chitosan aerogel loading with CdS/UiO-66-NH for wastewater treatment: Synergistic adsorption and visible light photocatalytic degradation.

The discharge of industrial effluents containing heavy metal ions and organic dyes has laid heavy burdens on ecosystem, meanwhile, drawing extensive scientific attention globally. In this work, CdS/UiO-66-NH heterojunction was uniformly loading on the aerogel skeleton composed of cellulose (CNF), chitosan (CS) and montmorillonite (MMT). The fabricated composite aerogel noted as CUN-CCMA was equipped with light density, a large specific area and a robust three-dimensional interpenetrating network.

[3D visualization-based classification of left intrahepatic vessels and its application in precision hepatectomy].

Objectives: To establish a three-dimensional (3D) visualization-based classification of the left hepatic portal vein (LHPV) and left hepatic vein (LHV) systems using 3D reconstruction technology to facilitate precise segmental/subsegmental resection of left liver lesions.

Methods: Thin-slice contrast-enhanced CT datasets from 244 patients were reconstructed using MI-3DV Works software. The spatial anatomy (origins, branching patterns, and spatial relationships) of the LHPV and LHV branches was analyzed to determine their 3D classifications and segmental liver divisions for guiding surgical planning for anatomical left liver resections.

PD-L1 in plasmacytoid dendritic cells promote HBV persistence through disrupting humoral immune response.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of PD-L1 blockade in restoring humoral immune response against HBV.

Methods: HBV-persistent C57BL/6J mice were established through hydrodynamic tail vein injection of 10 µg pAAV-HBV1.2 plasmid.

A gold-silver nanostar 2D array composite structure for rapid SERS determination of PAHs.

This study developed a portable multi-ring aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) detection tool using a dual-metal surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate. Gold-silver nanostars (AuNS@Ag) were synthesized by a secondary seed-mediated growth method and assembled into a two-dimensional array by a liquid-phase interface self-assembly method, uniformly deposited on a silicon wafer. The PAHs in water samples were identified using a portable Raman spectrometer.

Self-healing adhesive oxidized guar gum hydrogel loaded with mesenchymal stem cell exosomes for corneal wound healing.

Hydrogels have shown great potential and value in wound healing. In this study, we construct a mesenchymal stem cell exosomes (MSC-Exos) laden natural biopolymer-based hydrogel with transparent, self-healing, injectable, and tissue adhesive properties to promote corneal regeneration. This hydrogel is synthesized by combining aldehyde-modified oxidized guar gum (OGG) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) through the dynamic, reversible Schiff base bonds, which endow it with outstanding shear-thinning and self-healing properties, facilitating easy injection through a needle.

Relationship between peripheral blood endotoxin, toll-like receptor 4 expression, and postoperative infection following surgery for acute appendicitis.

Background: Acute appendicitis, a common condition with a higher prevalence among men, has shown an increasing incidence in recent years owing to lifestyle changes. It is characterized by right lower quadrant abdominal pain, rebound tenderness, and rapid onset. Its pathogenesis is complex and potentially linked to infection, environment, and genetics.

Comparative study of the corneal morphological characteristics of keratoconus evaluated using Pentacam, Sirius, and CASIA2.

Purpose: To compare the corneal morphology measurements of keratoconus using Pentacam, Sirius, and CASIA2.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with keratoconus at Fudan Eye and ENT Hospital (January to November, 2022) were included. Corneal refraction, astigmatism, thickness, and elevation parameters were measured using Pentacam, Sirius, and CASIA2.

Changes in retinal and choroidal thickness and blood density in participants with keratoconus.

Purpose: Keratoconus causes progressive myopia and irregular astigmatism, leading to vision impairment. This study investigated choroidal and retinal variations and their influence in participants with keratoconus.

Methods: This case-control study assessed 33 keratoconic and 33 axial length-matched healthy myopic eyes.

CD47-blocking antibody interferes with neutrophil extracellular traps formation after spinal cord injury to reduce spinal cord edema.

Objective: Our goal was to investigate the role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in the disruption of the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) following spinal cord injury (SCI) and to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of CD47-blocking antibodies in mitigating the disruption.

Methods: We utilized Evans blue extravasation to evaluate BSCB permeability and immunofluorescence to evaluate the formation of NETs and the expression of ZO-1, CD31, S100A8/A9, CD68, GFAP, Iba-1, and NeuN. Spinal cord edema was quantified by comparing the dry and wet weights of tissue samples.

Impact of 'Double Reduction' policy on the trend of myopia in school-aged children in Eastern China.

Background: The high prevalence of myopia among school-aged children has become a significant global challenge. Implementing effective measures, including public policies, is essential to reducing its progression. In this study, we aimed to estimate the impact of the 'Double Reduction' policy, introduced in July 2021, on myopia progression among school-aged children in Eastern China.

Blinking characteristics analyzed by a deep learning model and the relationship with tear film stability in children with long-term use of orthokeratology.

Purpose: Using deep learning model to observe the blinking characteristics and evaluate the changes and their correlation with tear film characteristics in children with long-term use of orthokeratology (ortho-K).

Methods: 31 children (58 eyes) who had used ortho-K for more than 1 year and 31 age and gender-matched controls were selected for follow-up in our ophthalmology clinic from 2021/09 to 2023/10 in this retrospective case-control study. Both groups underwent comprehensive ophthalmological examinations, including Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scoring, Keratograph 5M, and LipiView.

Activation of ClO by Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron for Efficient Soil Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Degradation: New Insight into the Relative Contribution of Fe(IV) and Hydroxyl Radicals.

Recently, the activation of chlorine dioxide (ClO) by metal(oxide) for soil remediation has gained notable attention. However, the related activation mechanisms are still not clear. Herein, the variation of iron species and ClO, the generated reactive oxygen species, and the toxicity of the degradation intermediates were explored and evaluated with nanoscale zero-valent iron (nFe) being employed to activate ClO for soil polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) removal.

Phase Transition Process of Graphite to Diamond Induced by Monodispersed Tantalum Atoms at Ordinary Pressure.

The transformation of graphite into diamond (2-10 nm) at ordinary pressure by monodispersed Ta atoms was recently reported, while the effects of Ta concentration on the transition process remain obscure. Here, by regulating the Ta wire treatment time, as well as the annealing time and temperature, larger diamond grians (5-20 nm) are successfully synthesized, and the transition process of graphite to diamond is revealed to vary with Ta concentration. Specifically, short Ta wire treatments (5-10 min) induce graphite to form a "circle" structure and transforms into diamond directly after annealing.

Analysis and comparison of the trends in burden of spinal cord injury in China and worldwide from 1990 to 2021: an analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021.

Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a globally prevalent neurological condition, often resulting in motor, sensory, and autonomic dysfunctions that lead to permanent disability. However, outdated epidemiological data hinder the development and implementation of effective public health policies. This study aimed to examine and compare trends in the burden of spinal cord injury-specifically incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLD)-in China and worldwide from 1990 to 2021, and to project these trends over the next 15 years.

A comparative template-switching cDNA approach for HTS-based multiplex detection of three viruses and one viroid commonly found in apple trees.

Exclusion is a keystone of integrated pest management to prevent the introduction of pathogens. U.S.

Therapeutic Potential of Dexmedetomidine in Neuropsychiatric Disorders: From the Bench to the Clinic.

Neuropsychiatric disorders encompass a range of conditions resulting from various dysfunctions within the nervous system, manifesting in diverse neurological impairments. These disorders, including depression, schizophrenia, anxiety, and Alzheimer's disease, impose significant economic and psychological burdens on both individuals and society overall. Recent clinical and preclinical studies have highlighted that dexmedetomidine (Dex), a highly selective α2 adrenergic receptor agonist, may offer therapeutic benefits beyond its well-known sedative properties.

Analysis of the risk factors for loss of cervical lordosis after surgical removal of cervical spinal cord tumor.

Loss of cervical lordosis (LOCL) is the most common postoperative cervical deformity. This study aimed to identify the predictors of LOCL by investigating the relationship between various factors and LOCL development after surgery for cervical spinal cord tumors. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 51 patients who underwent cervical spinal tumor resection at a single center.