Impaired pattern of cognitive control moderates attentional bias in individuals with social anxiety.

The potential relationship between cognitive control pattern and attentional bias in individuals with high social anxiety (HSAs) remains unclear. This study uses the Dual Mechanisms of Control framework to investigate the impact of cognitive control patterns on attentional bias in HSAs. 55 individuals with low social anxiety (LSAs) and 67 HSAs completed the AX-continuous performance task and dot-probe task.

Mobile phone dependency and subclinical depressive-anxiety symptom co-occurrence in college students: a cross-lagged panel network analysis.

Background: With the widespread use of smartphones among college students, issues related to smartphone dependence have become increasingly prevalent. Existing research has shown that subclinical anxiety and depression often co-occur and are closely associated with smartphone dependence. This study employed a cross-lagged panel network approach to explore the dynamic interplay between smartphone dependence and the co-occurrence of subclinical anxiety and depressive symptoms among college students.

The effects of mandala group art therapy on bereaved college students: An exploratory study.

This study examined the efficacy of Mandala Group Art Therapy in alleviating negative emotions and enhancing personal growth among bereaved college students. Using a randomized matched-pairs design, 48 participants (16 males, 32 females) were assigned to either an 8-week mandala group art therapy intervention (120-minute weekly sessions) or a control group. Outcome measures including grief (PG-13), depression, anxiety (DASS-21), and personal growth (HGRC-PG) were assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and 2-month follow-up.

Relationships between different components of intolerance of uncertainty and symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder: a network analysis.

Background: Previous studies have shown that intolerance of uncertainty (IU) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are closely interrelated. This reliance on scale totals to measure symptom severity obscures the distinctions and connections between different symptoms. In the present study, we explored the relationships between different components of IU and symptoms of OCD.

Decoding the details of visual working memory representations from ERP and alpha oscillation activities.

Working memory (WM) can temporarily store and process perceived information to guide upcoming actions. However, even if the information is encoded in WM with sufficient attention, "attribute amnesia" occurs, where part of the information is not reselected by WM, resulting in the information being forgotten. In this study, we investigated whether different types of feature information of objects have different priorities to be reselected by WM and the changes in the underlying EEG signals, focusing on whether EEG signals contain detailed feature information.

The effect of a single session of transcranial direct current stimulation on inhibitory control and impulsivity in users with excessive Internet gaming: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial.

Excessive Internet gaming has become an increasingly serious public health problem, closely related to changes in cognitive function (especially inhibitory control deficits and increased impulsivity) and related brain regions (such as the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, DLPFC). As a non-invasive brain stimulation technique, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) may improve these cognitive deficits by regulating the activity of DLPFC, but its specific effects and mechanisms in the excessive Internet gaming population still need to be further clarified. This study aims to investigate the regulatory effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (rDLPFC) on excessive Internet game usage behavior.

Longitudinal Associations Between Psychological Resilience and Cognitive Function: Evidence From the U.S. Health and Retirement Study.

Objectives: Reductions in psychological resilience and declining cognition are common among older adults. Understanding the longitudinal association between them could be beneficial for interventions that focus on age-related cognitive and psychological health. In this study, we evaluated the longitudinal associations between cognition and psychological resilience over time in a nationally representative sample of U.

Exploring aggressive emotions in women in prison: the role of empathy and perceived social support in moderating the effects of childhood discrimination experiences.

Background: The recent increase in the population of women in prison within the societal context of China has shifted attention towards understanding the unique psychological and social dynamics distinct from those traditionally associated with man offenders. Growing evidence suggests that childhood experiences of discrimination play a crucial role in shaping the aggressive behaviors observed among women in prison. This underscores the necessity for an in-depth examination of the psychological and societal foundations of these behaviors.

Adolescent Internet Gaming Disorder and sensitivity to money and social rewards.

Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) is a behavioural addiction characterised by excessive exposure to addictive stimuli, resulting in reduced sensitivity of the brain's reward system towards everyday rewards. Online game addiction is prevalent among adolescents; however, it remains unclear if there are variations in reward processing patterns among adolescents with online game addiction. We compared differences in sensitivity to two types of rewards between patients with IGD and patients with Recreational Game Use (RGU) using the Monetary Incentive Delay (MID) paradigm and the Social Incentive Delay (SID) paradigm (Experiment 1).

Attentional Bias of Individuals with Social Anxiety towards Facial and Somatic Emotional Cues in a Holistic Manner.

Attentional bias towards threatening information is a crucial factor contributing to the development and persistence of social anxiety. However, the attentional bias towards threat information and the preferential processing pattern of emotional cues in individuals with social anxiety disorder during integrated facial and physical stimuli processing remain unclear. In this study, we employed a dot-probe paradigm to investigate the attentional bias towards integrated emotions (facial-body) among students with high and low levels of social anxiety (Experiment 1).

The role of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in conflict control during insomnia disorder.

Background: Patients with insomnia are often accompanied by cognitive dysfunction, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) can induce brain neuroplasticity, regulate brain cognitive function and inhibitory control ability.

Objective: To explore the intervention effect of rTMS on conflict control and sleep quality in patients with insomnia.

Facial feedback manipulation influences the automatic detection of unexpected emotional body expressions.

Unexpected or changing facial expressions are known to be able to engage more automatic processing than frequently occurring facial expressions, thereby inducing a neural differential wave response known as expression mismatch negativity (EMMN). Recent studies have shown that EMMN can be modulated by the observer's facial feedback (i.e.

Altered electrophysiology mechanism related to inhibitory control in adults with insomnia.

Background: Insomnia disorder (ID), one of the most common psychophysiological disorders, can cause a serious burden on the individual's work and academic performance. Cognitive dysfunction often exists in patients with insomnia, which negatively affects their living quality. Inhibitory control (IC), as a vital cognitive function, allows individuals to suppress attention, behavior, or thoughts that are irrelevant to the task, so as to effectively adapt to the current goal.

Impaired Neurological Activity in the Mental Rotation Ability of Tibetan Indigenous Residents After Chronic Exposure to High Altitude.

Mental rotation is a core indicator of spatial ability, and a threshold for cognitive impairment may exist at approximately 4,000 m above sea level, but the specific thresholds for the severity of hypoxia in Tibetan indigenous populations in mental rotation ability remain largely unknown. To determine whether a threshold for mental rotation impairment exists in indigenous residents, we related a mental rotation task to inter-individual differences in a range of behavioral performance and neuropsychological characteristics across 51 indigenous Tibetan highlanders and 34 matched controls at three different altitudes (sea level, 2,900 m, and 4,200 m). Analyses of reaction time showed delayed behavioral responses in the 4,200 m altitude group.

Isoindigo-Based Dual-Acceptor Conjugated Polymers Incorporated Conjugation Length and Intramolecular Charge Transfer for High-Efficient Photothermal Conversion.

Photothermal tumor therapy (PTT) and photoacoustic imaging (PA) have emerged as promising noninvasive diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for cancer treatment. However, the development of efficient PTT agents with high photostability and strong near-infrared (NIR) absorption remains challenging. This study synthesizes three isoindigo-based dual-acceptor conjugated polymers (CPs) (P-IIG-TPD, P-IIG-DPP, and P-IIG-EDOT-BT) via a green and nontoxic direct arylation polymerization (DArP) method and characterizes their optical, electrochemical, and NIR photothermal conversion properties.

The effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on electroencephalography microstates of patients with heroin-addiction.

The effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation in treating substance use disorders are gaining attention; however, most existing studies used subjective measures to examine the treatment effects. Objective electroencephalography (EEG)-based microstate analysis is important for measuring the efficacy of transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with heroin addiction. We investigated dynamic brain activity changes in individuals with heroin addiction after transcranial magnetic stimulation using microstate indicators.

The impact of social motivation on the other-race effect under high and low social status.

The other-race effect refers to the phenomenon in which the chance of individuals misidentifying faces from other races more than their own race is significantly higher. This study explored the effect of motivation on the other-race effect by manipulating the social status of faces. The results showed that: (1) compared to other-race faces with low social status, when individuals' perceptions of the social status of other-race faces increased, individuals' recognition scores for high social status other-race faces increased, and the other-race effect disappeared, and (2) when individuals' perceptions of the social status of other-race faces decreased, there was no significant difference in individuals' recognition scores of other-race faces, of either high or low social status.

Abnormal brain oscillations and activation of patients with heroin use disorder during emotion regulation: The role of delta- and theta-band power.

Background: Emotion dysregulation is a crucial component of substance use disorders in predisposition, maintenance, and relapse. Emotional regulation strategies are an important factor in emotion dysregulation. However, studies on heroin use disorder (HUD) patients' ability to use emotion regulation strategies are scarce.

Influence of improved behavioral inhibition on decreased cue-induced craving in heroin use disorder: A preliminary intermittent theta burst stimulation study.

Background: Impaired behavioral inhibition is a critical factor in drug addiction and relapse. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) reduces the craving of heroin-addicted individuals for drug-related cues. However, it is unclear whether this technique also improves impaired behavioral inhibition and how improved behavioral inhibition affects craving.

Automatic change detection of multiple facial expressions: A visual mismatch negativity study.

The rapid detection of changes in facial expressions is an important social and survival skill. The detection of multiple facial emotions includes not only the information of emotional valence but also differences in emotional valence, that is, emotional valence consistency and inconsistency. Thus, we explored whether changes in multiple facial expressions could be automatically detected, as indexed by the visual mismatch negativity (vMMN) response.

Reasonable design of NIR AIEgens for fluorescence imaging and effective photothermal/photodynamic cancer therapy.

The development of a multifunctional single molecule phototherapeutic agent with excellent fluorescence imaging, photothermal therapy and photodynamic therapy at the same time is still a challenging task, which mainly arises from the low absorbance of the molecule, and the complexity of energy dissipation and molecular design. Herein, four donor-acceptor (D-A) compounds were synthesized by linking triphenylamine (TPA), thiophene/thieno[3,2-]thiophene and different cyano acceptor structures. In this design, we propose a molecular design strategy to redshift absorption and increase the molar extinction coefficient () by enhancing electron-withdrawing acceptors and enlarging the π-conjugation plane unit.

A self-oscillating gel system with complex dynamic behavior based on a time delay between the oscillations.

The time delay existing between the chemical oscillation and mechanical oscillation (C-M delay) in a self-oscillating gel (SOG) system is observable in previous experimental studies. However, how the C-M delay affects the dynamic behavior of a large anisotropic SOG has not been quantified or reported systematically. In this study, we observed that the oscillation period increases with a decrease in the cross-linking density of the anisotropic SOG, and this determined whether regular mechanical oscillation occurs.

The automatic detection of unexpected emotion and neutral body postures: A visual mismatch negativity study.

The ability to automatically detect emotional changes in the environment is crucial for social interaction. In the visual system, expression-related mismatch negativity (EMMN) reflects the automatic processing of emotional changes in facial expression. However, body postures also carry visual emotional information that can be recognized effectively and processed automatically, although their processing mechanism remains unknown.

The ineffective emotion regulation strategies of heroin use disorder patients: An event-related potential study.

Background: People with substance use disorders (SUDs) usually experience emotion dysregulation, which may be a consequence of or a risk factor for the development and maintenance of substance misuse. Despite growing evidence on emotion dysregulation among people with SUDs, relatively few studies have explored emotion dysregulation in heroin use disorder (HUD) patients.

Methods: Using event-related potentials (ERP), we compared the emotion regulation ability of 33 HUD patients and 30 healthy controls according to their average electroencephalogram amplitudes of the late positive potential (LPP) component in 400-1000 ms and 1000-2000 ms time windows, while viewing neutral and unpleasant emotional pictures, and using emotion regulation strategies (expressive suppression, cognitive reappraisal, and a combination) while viewing unpleasant pictures.