Enhancing the performance of saturable absorbers through excellence in parameter extraction.

Individual fitting methods traditionally struggle to accurately and uniquely extract the parameters of saturable absorbers (SAs), leading to inconsistencies. To overcome this, we introduce a novel simultaneous fitting method, unprecedented in optics to the best of our knowledge, along with what we believe is a new set of fitting functions derived from a two-level system band structure model. These functions enable the simultaneous reproduction of experimental data for both reflectance () or transmissivity () versus the fluence reflected by the sample and reflectance () or transmissivity () versus incident fluence , ensuring parameter consistency across diverse characterization techniques.

A BMP6 supply system based on PBVHx nanoparticles promotes the osteogenic differentiation of human stem cells in simulated microgravity.

To continuously stimulate osteogenic differentiation of stem cells under microgravity, we developed an effective bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP6) sustained-release system based on nanoparticles (NPs) based on medical poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-3-hydroxyvalerate-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PBVHx), which promotes osteogenic differentiation in human bone marrow-derived stem cells (hBMSCs). The system involves the loading of hydrophobically modified BMP6 onto PBVHx nanoparticles via soybean lecithin (sB6), followed by modification with positively charged poly-l-lysine (PLL) to enhance cellular uptake, thereby forming sB6/PBVHx@PLL-NPs. These NPs have a uniform size ranging from 90 to 200 nm, a surface charge of -5 to -6 mV, and exhibit a sustained BMP6 release for over 25 days.

Intranasal Transplantation of Microbiota Derived from Parkinson's Disease Mice Induced Astrocyte Activation and Neurodegenerative Pathology from Nose to Brain.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by early-onset olfactory dysfunction preceding motor symptoms, yet its mechanisms remain elusive. Based on the studies on microbiota-gut-brain axis, the microbiota-nose-brain axis might be involved in the pathogenesis of PD. However relative studies are rare.

Gα Protein Mediates High-Concentration CO-Induced Stomata Closure Through Interaction With Carbonic Anhydrase to Promote Guard Cell Hydrogen Peroxide Production in Arabidopsis.

Guard cells detecting fluctuations in ambient CO levels and modulating stomatal aperture constitute a crucial adaptive response to changes of atmospheric CO in plants. CO sensing in animals is closely related to G proteins. Nonetheless, the role of G proteins in high-concentration CO-regulated stomatal movement in plants remains unclear.

1-methyl-tryptophan improves anxiety-like behavior in colitis mice by inhibiting neuroinflammation, promoting cell regeneration, and decreasing apoptosis.

Introduction: Mood disorders such as anxiety are important extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and are more prevalent in active IBD. Studies have shown that pharmacologically induced anxiety was correlated with changes in plasma Kynurenine (Kyn) concentrations. Our previous study also found that Kyn was abnormally increased in the serum and brain of mice with acute colitis.

Doped-free structure is used to realize organic light-emitting devices with low blue harm, low color temperature, and high color rendering index.

With the development of light-emitting devices, researcher gradually shift their attention from the efficiency of the devices to the health of lighting sources. Herein, we first designed a low correlated color temperature (CCT) and high color rendering index (CRI) spectrum with minimal blue light accession, which is beneficial to reduce the inhibitory effect of melatonin secretion. Besides, the spectrum had suitable near-infrared light with a wavelength of 670-810 nm, which could promote cellular metabolism, migration, and value-added, achieving more comfortable and healthy lighting.

Prognostic factors of survival in patients with lung cancer after low-dose computed tomography screening: a multivariate analysis of a lung cancer screening cohort in China.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic factors influencing the survival of patients with lung cancer identified from a lung cancer screening cohort in the community.

Methods: A total of 25,310 eligible participants were enrolled in this population-based prospective cohort study, derived from a community lung cancer screening program started from 2013 to 2017. Survival analyses were conducted using the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test.

[Application of colloidal gold method and chemiluminescence method for detecting gonadotropins in morning urine to assess pubertal development status in children].

Objectives: To explore the application of the colloidal gold method and chemiluminescence method in detecting gonadotropin (Gn) in morning urine for assessing pubertal development status in children.

Methods: A total of 132 children diagnosed with central precocious puberty (CPP), early and fast puberty (EFP), and premature thelarche (PT) at Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from November 2021 to December 2022 were included, along with 685 healthy children who underwent routine health examinations at the hospital's pediatric health care department during the same period. All 132 patients underwent a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulation test.

Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 inhibition mediates the therapeutic effects in Parkinson's disease mice by modulating inflammation and neurogenesis in a gut microbiota dependent manner.

Abnormal tryptophan metabolism is closely linked with neurological disorders. Research has shown that indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO-1), the first rate-limiting enzyme in tryptophan degradation, is upregulated in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the precise role of IDO-1 in PD pathogenesis remains elusive.

Mechanism of S100A9-mediated astrocyte activation via TLR4/NF-κB in Parkinson's disease.

Astrocyte-mediated neuroinflammation plays a key role in Parkinson's disease (PD) progression. The proinflammatory protein S100A9 is linked to various neurodegenerative diseases, but its involvement in astrocyte activation in PD remains unclear. Here, we investigate the role of S100A9 in astrocyte-mediated neuroinflammation in PD.

Jianpi Huayu Prescription Prevents Atherosclerosis by Improving Inflammation and Reshaping the Intestinal Microbiota in ApoE Mice.

This study established an LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophage inflammatory injury model and an AS mouse vulnerable plaque model to observe the effect of JPHYP on macrophage inflammation, plaque formation, blood lipids, inflammation levels, intestinal flora and the influence of TLR4/MyD88/MAPK pathway, and explore the anti-AS effect and molecular mechanism of JPHYP, and detected 16S rRNA of mice intestinal microbes. The difference of intestinal flora in different groups of mice was compared to further explore the intervention effect of JPHYP and clarify the molecular biological mechanism of JPHYP in preventing and treating AS by regulating TLR4/MyD88/MAPK inflammatory signaling pathway and improving intestinal flora.

HMGA1 is a Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated with Glycolysis in Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes with high morbidity and mortality. High mobility group A1 (HMGA1) protein participates in the process of tumorigenesis. This study seeks to explore the specific role of HMGA1 in prognostic value based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database of Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and glycolysis progression in LUAD cells.

Difference of carrier dynamics in a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror with and without B ion-implantation.

Three samples whose growth temperatures were 450°C, 500°C, and 560°C for , , and , respectively, were tested by femto-second time-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy. The results indicate that the carrier dynamics of excited state absorption were dominant, and the lifetimes of carriers trapped by defect levels were about tens of pico-seconds. To further study the influence of carrier dynamics and recovery time of samples by ion-implantation, ions of 80 and 130 KeV were implanted into the samples with dose of 10/ .

Advances of Photothermal Agents with Fluorescence Imaging/Enhancement Ability in the Field of Photothermal Therapy and Diagnosis.

Photothermal therapy (PTT) is an effective cancer treatment method. Due to its easy focusing and tunability of the irradiation light, direct and accurate local treatment can be performed in a noninvasive manner by PTT. This treatment strategy requires the use of photothermal agents to convert light energy into heat energy, thereby achieving local heating and triggering biochemical processes to kill tumor cells.

A Droplet Digital PCR-Based Approach for Quantitative Analysis of the Adulteration of Atlantic Salmon with Rainbow Trout.

Low-cost fish species are often used to adulterate or substitute for Atlantic salmon products, posing a serious threat to market order and public health. Hence, reliable techniques are urgently needed to detect Atlantic salmon adulteration. In this study, a precise method for identifying and quantifying adulterated Atlantic salmon with rainbow trout based on droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) testing was developed.

Second messenger 2'3'-cyclic GMP-AMP (2'3'-cGAMP): the cell autonomous and non-autonomous roles in cancer progression.

Cytosolic double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) is frequently accumulated in cancer cells due to chromosomal instability or exogenous stimulation. Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) acts as a cytosolic DNA sensor, which is activated upon binding to dsDNA to synthesize the crucial second messenger 2'3'-cyclic GMP-AMP (2'3'-cGAMP) that in turn triggers stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling. The canonical role of cGAS-cGAMP-STING pathway is essential for innate immunity and viral defense.

Comparative Analysis of Cd Uptake and Tolerance in Two Mangrove Species ( and ) with Distinct Apoplast Barriers.

Mangrove plants demonstrate an impressive ability to tolerate environmental pollutants, but excessive levels of cadmium (Cd) can impede their growth. Few studies have focused on the effects of apoplast barriers on heavy metal tolerance in mangrove plants. To investigate the uptake and tolerance of Cd in mangrove plants, two distinct mangrove species, and , are characterized by unique apoplast barriers.

Determination of the Catalytic Activity of a Peroxidase-like Nanozyme and Differences among Layered Double Hydroxides with Different Anions and Cations.

Nanomaterials with enzyme-like activity, namely, nanozymes, have been widely used as substitutes for natural enzymes, and they show excellent potential for application in many fields, such as biotechnology, environmental chemistry, and medicine. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are inorganic nanomaterials with adjustable compositions, simple preparation methods, and low costs and are some of the most promising candidate materials for the preparation of nanozymes. Here, we studied the syntheses and peroxidase-like activities of LDHs with four anions and four cations.

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation from Aged Mice Render Recipient Mice Resistant to MPTP-Induced Nigrostriatal Degeneration Via a Neurogenesis-Dependent but Inflammation-Independent Manner.

Accumulating data support a crucial role of gut microbiota in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, gut microbiota vary with age and, thus, will affect PD in an age-dependent, but unknown manner. We examined the effects of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) pretreatment, using fecal microbiota from young (7 weeks) or aged mice (23 months), on MPTP-induced PD model.

Clinical and molecular characterization of 10 Chinese children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 11beta-hydroxylase deficiency.

Background: The clinical manifestations of nonclassical 11beta-hydroxylase deficiency are very similar to those of non-classical 21-hydroxylase deficiency. For this study, we investigated the relationship between the clinical and molecular features of congenital adrenal hyperplasia caused by 11beta-hydroxylase deficiency and reviewed the related literature, which are expected to provide assistance for the clinical diagnosis and analysis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Methods: Clinical data for 10 Chinese patients diagnosed with congenital adrenal hyperplasia in our hospital from 2018 to 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.