Long-range cholinergic input promotes glioblastoma progression.

Glioblastoma (GBM), the most aggressive primary brain tumor, is shaped by its integration into neural networks. While glutamatergic input is linked to tumor progression, the broader architecture and function of neuron-glioma connectomes remain unclear. Using monosynaptic rabies tracing, we map brain-wide neural input to patient-derived xenografts and reveal a consistent organizational logic: local inputs are primarily glutamatergic, while long-range connections exhibit diverse neurotransmitter profiles, with basal forebrain cholinergic projections emerging as a conserved input across sites.

FAM50A drives breast cancer brain metastasis through interaction with C9ORF78 to enhance ʟ-asparagine production.

Elevated levels of asparagine, catalyzed by asparagine synthetase (ASNS), have been identified as a prerequisite for lung metastasis in breast cancer. However, the roles and regulatory mechanisms of ASNS in breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM) are not well understood. Our study revealed that the family with sequence similarity 50 member A (FAM50A) gene substantially modulates the brain metastatic potential of breast cancer by up-regulating ASNS and promoting asparagine biosynthesis.

Digitally Guided Precision Fat Grafting for Progressive Hemifacial Atrophy.

Background: Autologous fat grafting (AFG) is widely used to treat progressive hemifacial atrophy (PHA), but accurate measurement of tissue defects in PHA patients remains a challenge due to varied facial defects and complex anatomy.

Methods: This retrospective study monitored patients undergoing AFG over 12-16 months. Using 3D computed tomography (CT), the midsagittal plane of the face was scanned, mirror-image analysis (MIA) was carried out, and soft tissue volume loss was predicted across facial regions.

Aberrant PLAC8 expression characterizes glioblastoma with temozolomide resistance and an immunosuppressive microenvironment.

Glioblastoma (GBM), Isocitrate Dehydrogenase-wildtype (IDH-WT) represents the most prevalent and clinically aggressive subtype of adult diffuse gliomas, typically associated with poor prognosis. Temozolomide (TMZ) remains the first-line chemotherapeutic agent for GBM; however, the emergence of TMZ resistance represents a major therapeutic obstacle in clinical practice. This study identifies placenta-specific 8 (PLAC8) as a novel mediator of TMZ resistance in IDH-WT GBM.

Mining TCGA to reveal immunotherapy-related genes for soft tissue sarcoma.

Immunotherapy of soft tissue sarcoma is considered an important development direction for the future. Bioinformatics analysis of genetic changes in tumors and the immune microenvironment around tumors has proven to be a mature and reliable method for predicting tumor prognosis. By mining the Cancer Genome Atlas Program database, we found immunotherapy targets of soft tissue sarcoma and analyzed their biological behavior.

CT and MRI features of adrenal hemangioma: A study of 21 cases from two centers.

Purpose: To retrospectively analyze the CT and MR imaging presentations of adrenal hemangioma (AH) and to strengthen the recognition for such tumors.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 21 patients with 22 lesions histologically proven AH from two centers between October 2010 and November 2023. The clinical presentation and preoperative diagnosis were recorded.

Pump-free SERS microfluidic chip based on an identification-competition strategy for ultrasensitive and efficient simultaneous detection of liver cancer-related microRNAs.

In this study, we present a pump-free SERS microfluidic chip capable of detecting liver cancer-related miR-21 and miR-155 concurrently with ultra-sensitivity and high efficiency. We employed a FeO@cDNA-AuNPs@Raman reporter@H composite structure and a recognition competition strategy. When the target miRNAs (miR-21 and miR-155) are present in the test liquid, they specifically compete with the nucleic acid complementary strand(H) of FeO@cDNA-AuNPs@Raman reporter@H, causing AuNPs to competitively detach from the surface of FeO, resulting in a decrease in the SERS signal.

Ultrafast visible fiber laser mode-locked by frequency-shifted feedback of an α-BaTeMoO crystal acousto-optic modulator.

We report the first demonstration, to the best of our knowledge, of visible mode-locked fiber laser using frequency-shifted feedback (FSF) with a visible α-BaTeMoO (α-BTM) crystal acousto-optic modulator (AOM). First, an α-BTM crystal is used as the visible high-quality AOM with a high diffraction efficiency of 85, a fast rise/fall time of 79/98 ns, and a low insertion loss of 0.2 dB at 635 nm.

Knowledge, attitude, and willingness toward breast magnetic resonance imaging screening among women at high risk of breast cancer in Beijing, China.

Background: Annual breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is highly recommended to assist mammography for women at high risk of breast cancer (BC). This study explored the knowledge, attitude, and willingness toward breast MRI screening among women at high risk of BC.

Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled women at high risk of BC between August 2022 and January 2023 in Beijing, China.

Increased adrenal steroidogenesis and suppressed corticosteroid responsiveness in critical COVID-19.

Background: The effect of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on adrenal endocrine metabolism in critically ill patients remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the alterations in adrenal steroidogenic activity, elucidate underlying mechanisms, provide in situ histopathological evidence, and examine the clinical implications.

Methods: The comparative analyses of the adrenal cortices from 24 patients with fatal COVID-19 and 20 matched controls were performed, excluding patients previously treated with glucocorticoids.

Identification of hypoxic macrophages in glioblastoma with therapeutic potential for vasculature normalization.

Monocyte-derived tumor-associated macrophages (Mo-TAMs) intensively infiltrate diffuse gliomas with remarkable heterogeneity. Using single-cell transcriptomics, we chart a spatially resolved transcriptional landscape of Mo-TAMs across 51 patients with isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wild-type glioblastomas or IDH-mutant gliomas. We characterize a Mo-TAM subset that is localized to the peri-necrotic niche and skewed by hypoxic niche cues to acquire a hypoxia response signature.

Industrial fluoride emissions and their spatial characteristics in the Nansi Lake Basin, Eastern China.

Excessive fluoride emissions threaten ecological stability and human health. Previous studies have noted that industrial sources could be significant. However, quantifying industrial fluoride emissions has not been yet reported.

Disorganized adrenocortical zonational structure in COVID-19 patients: Implications of critical illness duration.

Aberrant adrenal function has been frequently reported in COVID-19 patients, but histopathological evidence remains limited. This retrospective autopsy study aims to scrutinize the impact of COVID-19 duration on adrenocortical zonational architecture and peripheral corticosteroid reactivity. The adrenal glands procured from 15 long intensive care unit (ICU)-stay COVID-19 patients, 9 short ICU-stay COVID-19 patients, and 20 matched controls.

Can humidifier reservoir bacteria colonize the circuit during mechanical ventilation: An in vitro study.

Background: Although the circuit condensate, an ideal bacterial reservoir during mechanical ventilation, may flow into the humidifier reservoir, no studies have investigated if humidifier reservoir colonized bacteria colonize other circuit locations with airflow.

Aim: We aimed to prove whether the humidifier reservoir colonized bacteria colonize other circuit locations with airflow and provide some advice on the disposal of condensate in the clinical setting.

Study Design: An in vitro experiment was conducted.

Effect of Hollow 304 Stainless Steel Fiber on Corrosion Resistance and Mechanical Properties of Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC).

This study investigated the effect of hollow 304 stainless-steel fiber on the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC), and prepared copper-coated-fiber-reinforced UHPC as the control group. The electrochemical performance of the prepared UHPC was compared with the results of X-ray computed tomography (X-CT). The results reveal that cavitation can improve the distribution of steel fibers in the UHPC.

Proteasome β3 subunit (PSMB3) controls female reproduction by promoting ecdysteroidogenesis during sexual maturation in Bactrocera dorsalis.

Steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) plays critical roles in reproductive development in dipterans and several other insect species. Ecdysteroidogenesis in the glands of larval or nymphal insects and other arthropods has been extensively studied, but that in the adult gonads remains largely unknown. Here we identified a proteasome β3 subunit (PSMB3) from a highly invasive pest Bactrocera dorsalis, and found that this gene was crucial for ecdysone production during female reproduction.

Comparison of the Mechanical Properties and Crack Expansion Mechanism of Different Content and Shapes of Brass-Coated Steel Fiber-Reinforced Ultra-High-Performance Concrete.

Steel fiber-reinforced ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) is becoming an important type of concrete reinforcement. After mixing with the reinforced steel fibers, the UHPC has perfect flex resistance, shear strength, crack resistance, shock resistance, and anti-seepage. In this study, the influence of straight, corrugated, and hooked brass-coated steel fibers (BCSFs) on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and crack expansion mechanism of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) with varying content of 1-6 wt.

Single-crystalline van der Waals layered dielectric with high dielectric constant.

The scaling of silicon-based transistors at sub-ten-nanometre technology nodes faces challenges such as interface imperfection and gate current leakage for an ultrathin silicon channel. For next-generation nanoelectronics, high-mobility two-dimensional (2D) layered semiconductors with an atomic thickness and dangling-bond-free surfaces are expected as channel materials to achieve smaller channel sizes, less interfacial scattering and more efficient gate-field penetration. However, further progress towards 2D electronics is hindered by factors such as the lack of a high dielectric constant (κ) dielectric with an atomically flat and dangling-bond-free surface.

COVID-19-associated monocytic encephalitis (CAME): histological and proteomic evidence from autopsy.

Severe neurological symptoms are associated with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the morphologic features, pathological nature and their potential mechanisms in patient brains have not been revealed despite evidence of neurotropic infection. In this study, neuropathological damages and infiltrating inflammatory cells were quantitatively evaluated by immunohistochemical staining, ultrastructural examination under electron microscopy, and an image threshold method, in postmortem brains from nine critically ill COVID-19 patients and nine age-matched cadavers of healthy individuals.

RNA sequencing identifies an ovary-enriched microRNA, miR-311-3p, involved in ovarian development and fecundity by targeting Endophilin B1 in Bactrocera dorsalis.

Background: The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis, is a highly invasive pest in East Asia and the Pacific. With the development of pesticides resistance, environment-friendly pesticides are urgently needed. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are critical regulators of numerous biological processes, including reproduction.

Series of Benzoquinone-Bridged Dicobalt(II) Single-Molecule Magnets.

Mononuclear complexes within a particular coordination geometry have been well recognized for high-performance single-molecule magnets (SMMs), while the incorporation of such well-defined geometric ions into multinuclear complexes remains less explored. Using the rigid 2-(di(1-pyrazol-1-yl)methyl)-6-(1-pyrazol-1-yl)pyridine (PyPz) ligand, here, we prepared a series of benzoquinone-bridged dicobalt(II) SMMs [{(PyPz)Co}(L)][PF], (, L = 2,5-dioxo-1,4-benzoquinone (dhbq); , L = chloranilate (CA); and , L = bromanilate (BA)), in which each Co(II) center adopts a distorted trigonal prismatic (TPR) geometry and the distortion increases with the sizes of 3,6-substituent groups (H () < Cl () < Br ()). Accordingly, the magnetic study revealed that the axial anisotropy parameter () of the Co ions decreased from -78.