Associations of lactate-to-hematocrit ratio with short- and long-term prognoses in critically ill patients with cirrhosis and sepsis: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The lactate-to-hematocrit ratio (LHR) is strongly associated with the prognosis of patients critically ill with various diseases. However, the relationship between LHR and the prognosis of critically ill patients with cirrhosis and sepsis has not been explored. Therefore, this study examined the association between the LHR and short- and long-term prognoses in this special group of patients.

Photothermal and antimicrobial properties of catechol-chitosan silver nanoparticles/esterified sodium alginate composite hydrogels.

This study focuses on the preparation and evaluation of a catechol-modified hydroxypropyl chitosan/silver nanoparticle/phenylboronic acid alginate composite hydrogel (C/S/A/P/P). Hydroxypropyl chitosan (HCS) was modified with 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (DBA) Schiff base reaction to produce adhesive catechol-modified hydroxypropyl chitosan (CHCS). The mechanical properties and self-healing ability of the hydrogel were enhanced by grafting phenylboronic acid (PBA) onto sodium alginate (SA) to form SA-PBA.

Higher education expansion and individual health improvement: concurrent discussion of the blocking effect on the intergenerational transmission of health.

Background: The relationship between higher education and individual health is important for improving regional human capital for health. Considering the differences in education system development and health infrastructure between China and developed countries, it is necessary to explore the specific impact of higher education expansion on individual health in China.

Methods: This study employs the cohort DID approach to examine how higher education expansion affects individual health, with a particular focus on its role in disrupting the intergenerational transmission of health, drawing data from the China Education Statistical Yearbook and the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).

Prognostic value of albumin-corrected anion gap in critically ill patients with sepsis-associated liver injury: a retrospective study.

Background: Albumin-corrected anion gap (ACAG) is closely associated with the prognosis of many critical illnesses. However, the prognostic value of ACAG in sepsis-associated liver injury (SALI) is poorly understood. We explored the association between ACAG and patient prognosis in individuals diagnosed with SALI.

Functional connectivity network based on scalp electroencephalogram in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy.

Background: Advances in neuroimaging technology have identified epilepsy as a disorder of brain network dysfunction. Previous research has confirmed alterations in the brain functional network of patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME). However, studies investigating brain network changes in JME patients under different intervention conditions remain scarce.

Predictive role of the Albumin-Bilirubin score in ICU patients with cirrhosis and sepsis: insights from a large retrospective cohort.

Background: The albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score is a valuable prognostic tool for diseases such as hepatocellular carcinoma, heart failure, and acute kidney injury. However, its association with the prognosis of patients with liver cirrhosis and sepsis in the intensive care unit (ICU) remains unclear.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from ICU patients with liver cirrhosis and sepsis admitted to the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center between 2008 and 2022.

A dataset of microscopic spirometra mansoni for medical image segmentation.

Accurate diagnosis of adult Spirometra mansoni infections remains challenging, due to the limited sensitivity and high cost associated with immunodiagnostic methods. Advances in computer vision suggest deep learning-based etiological image analysis could overcome these limitations. A barrier persists, however, in current computational parasitology research: the shortage of available datasets for training convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in adult S.

Beyond energy metabolism: ketogenic diet and β-hydroxybutyrate protect against intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury through anti-inflammatory and barrier-preserving effects.

Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a significant clinical challenge with limited effective treatments. This study investigated the protective effects of ketogenic diet (KD) and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) against intestinal IRI using mouse models and intestinal organoids. Following two weeks of KD or BHB administration, mice were subjected to superior mesenteric artery occlusion (60 min) and reperfusion (4 h).

LigDockTailor: Ligand-specific docking tool matching using multidimensional descriptors.

Molecular docking is a widely used technique in computer-aided drug design, facilitating the prediction of ligand-receptor interactions. However, selecting the effective docking program for a given ligand remains challenging due to the diversity of ligand and the varying algorithms employed by docking software. In this study, we investigated the relationship between several ligand physicochemical properties and the performance of various molecular docking programs.

Pyroptosis-Inducing Platinum(IV) Prodrugs via GSDME Pathway for Chemoimmunotherapy and Metastasis Inhibition in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Pyroptosis has attracted significant attention for its role in cancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy. However, few drugs have been reported to induce pyroptosis via the Caspase-3/gasdermin E (GSDME) pathway. Herein, three novel Pt prodrugs, MRP, DRP, and HRP are rationally designed by conjugating DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor (RG108) and/or histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor (PhB) to the Pt center.

Relative fat mass and risk of metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease and severe hepatic steatosis in U.S. adults: analysis of NHANES 2017-2020 data.

Background: Relative fat mass (RFM) is a novel, easily calculated, and cost-effective index of fat content and distribution in the body, associated with the odds of developing various obesity-related diseases. However, its association with metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and severe hepatic steatosis (SHS) is underexplored. This study aims to examine the relationship between RFM and the odds of having MASLD or SHS in the general adult population.

Transcriptome analysis of insecticide resistance mechanisms in field populations of the bean flower thrips, Megalurothrips usitatus (Bagnall).

The bean flower thrips, Megalurothrips usitatus (Bagnall), has caused significant damage to leguminous crops in the Asian tropics and established populations in North America. Ineffective pest control has been reported in multiple regions, raising concerns about food safety risks due to improper insecticide use. To evaluate insecticide susceptibility and the role of detoxification enzyme involvement, resistance monitoring and enzyme activity assays were conducted.

Association Between Risk Factors and Major Cancers: Explainable Machine Learning Approach.

Background: Cancer is a life-threatening disease and a leading cause of death worldwide, with an estimated 611,000 deaths and over 2 million new cases in the United States in 2024. The rising incidence of major cancers, including among younger individuals, highlights the need for early screening and monitoring of risk factors to manage and decrease cancer risk.

Objective: This study aimed to leverage explainable machine learning models to identify and analyze the key risk factors associated with breast, colorectal, lung, and prostate cancers.

Exploring the value of blood urea nitrogen-to-albumin ratio in patients with acute pancreatitis admitted to the intensive care unit: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Although blood urea nitrogen and albumin alone are well-known clinical indicators, combining them as the blood urea nitrogen-to-albumin ratio (BAR) may provide additional prognostic information because they reflect the complex interplay between renal function, nutritional status, and systemic inflammation-all of which are key factors in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis (AP). Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the relationships between BAR and short- and long-term all-cause mortality (ACM) in patients with AP and to assess the prognostic significance of the BAR in AP.

Methods: This retrospective investigation utilized information extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV (MIMIC-IV, Version 2.

Soybean hull hemicellulose-soybean protein isolate composite aerogel: Adsorption material for remediation of heavy metal-polluted water.

Soybean hull hemicellulose (SHH) and soybean protein isolate (SPI) are two byproducts of soybean processing that are frequently overlooked and discarded. This paper presents the green preparation of the SHH-SPI aerogels composite and these properties related to adsorbing heavy metal ions from water. The SHH-SPI aerogels adsorb Pb(II) following second-order kinetics and the Sips model.

The associations between oxidative stress and epilepsy: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Studies on the association between oxidative stress and epilepsy have yielded varied results. In this study, we aimed to investigate the causal relationship between oxidative stress markers and epilepsy.

Methods: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was performed based on publicly available statistics from genome-wide association studies.

Understanding interactions between four main fishy compounds and grass carp myofibrillar proteins using the SPME-GC-MS, multiple spectroscopy, and molecular docking.

The interaction mechanism between four fishy compounds and myofibrillar proteins of grass crap was explored using solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, multispectroscopy, and molecular docking. The result showed that the binding abilities of myofibrillar protein for the fishy compounds decreased in the order of decanal, octanal, hexanal, and 1-octen-3-ol. The interaction between myofibrillar proteins and four fishy compounds affected the aromatic amino acid residue microenvironment.

Relationship between coagulopathy score and survival in critically ill patients with liver cirrhosis and sepsis: a retrospective study.

Background: This research focused on exploring the association between coagulopathy scores and the survival outcomes, both short-term and long-term, in individuals diagnosed with liver cirrhosis complicated by sepsis.

Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed data from individuals with liver cirrhosis and sepsis who were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center between 2008 and 2022. The main outcome of interest was all-cause mortality within 28 days post-admission, while the secondary outcome assessed mortality within 90 days.

The causal relationship between systemic lupus erythematosus and juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: A Mendelian randomization study and mediation analysis.

This study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME). Univariable and reverse Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed to investigate the potential causal associations between SLE, systemic autoimmune disorders (SADs), and JME. Two-step mediation MR analysis was further performed to explore indirect factors that may influence the relationship between SLE and JME.

Analysis of vehicle and pedestrian detection effects of improved YOLOv8 model in drone-assisted urban traffic monitoring system.

This study proposes an improved YOLOv8 model for vehicle and pedestrian detection in urban traffic monitoring systems. In order to improve the detection performance of the model, we introduced a multi-scale feature fusion module and an improved non-maximum suppression (NMS) algorithm based on the YOLOv8 model. The multi-scale feature fusion module enhances the model's detection ability for targets of different sizes by combining feature maps of different scales; the improved non-maximum suppression algorithm effectively reduces repeated detection and missed detection by optimizing the screening process of candidate boxes.

Decoding Intrinsic Fluctuations of Engagement From EEG Signals During Fingertip Motor Tasks.

Maintaining a high mental engagement is critical for motor rehabilitation interventions. Achieving a flow experience, often conceptualized as a highly engaged mental state, is an ideal goal for motor rehabilitation tasks. This paper proposes a virtual reality-based fine fingertip motor task in which the difficulty is maintained to match individual abilities.

High serum uric acid levels are associated with increased prevalence of gallstones in adult women: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES.

Objective: We investigated the association between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and gallstone (GS) prevalence in adult women.

Methods: Participants' information were taken from the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2017-2020). Logistic regression analysis and dose-response curve were used to assess the association between SUA levels and the prevalence of GS in adult women.

Predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and MELD score for short-term survival of patients with HBV-DeCi.

Objective: The prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) combined with Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score was evaluated for hepatitis B virus-associated decompensated cirrhosis (HBV-DeCi).

Methods: The 30-day mortality of 166 hBV-DeCi patients was examined. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and multivariate regression analysis were used to assess the performance of NLR for prediction of poor outcomes.

Prognostic significance of albumin corrected anion gap in patients with acute pancreatitis: a novel perspective.

This study aims to explore the relationship between the albumin-corrected anion gap (ACAG) and short- and long-term all-cause mortality (ACM) in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) managed in the intensive care unit (ICU). We conducted a retrospective analysis utilizing data extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV (MIMIC-IV) database. This study sought to investigate the correlation between ACAG and ACM among patients diagnosed with AP across various disease stages.