Sodium lignosulfonate alkylates based-biosurfactants for efficient remediation of oily sludge.

An alkylated sodium lignosulphonate (ALS) was prepared for highly efficient thermal washing treatment of oily sludge. The ALS was characterized for their chemical structure and surface activity. Furthermore, ALS was used as a thermal cleaning agent to treat oily sludge under different conditions to obtain an optimal thermal washing process.

A clean high-concentration chlorine dioxide bleaching process at room temperature facilitating the rapid degradation of lignin and its kinetic.

Elemental Chlorine-Free (ECF) bleaching is a globally prevalent pulping technology that primarily utilizes chlorine dioxide (ClO) as a bleaching agent. However, the chlorination side reactions during ECF bleaching lead to the formation of chlorinated adsorbable organic halides (AOX), which are difficult to degrade and pose a potential threat to the ecological environment. This study presents a novel high-concentration ClO pulping bleaching technology at room temperature, which effectively suppresses the chlorination side reactions through the strong oxidizing properties of high-concentration ClO, thereby achieving both bleaching and a reduction in AOX generation.

A portable and efficient chemical dosimeter for rapid visual analysis of 3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) in food samples.

3-Chloro-1,2-propanediol (3-MCPD) is a common contaminant in food and has been classified as a Group 2B carcinogen. Given growing food safety concerns, rapid and effective analytical methods are urgently needed. This study designed a new chemical dosimeter based on a benzothiazole derivative (BT-NH) for high-sensitivity, rapid 3-MCPD analytical in food.

Selective separation of poplar hemicellulose and simultaneous enrichment of soluble xylose in the hydrolysate by itaconic acid pretreatment.

Organic-acid pretreatments designed to efficiently separate hemicellulose and preserve high-value soluble monosaccharides in hydrolysates have become a significant research focus. In this study, the efficiency of the catalytic degradation of a lignocellulosic model using itaconic acid (IA) was evaluated. The exceptional selectivity of IA for xylan degradation was confirmed.

Photothermal Catalysis of Cellulose to Prepare Levulinic Acid-Rich Bio-Oil.

As a carbon-neutral and renewable raw material, cellulose can be transformed into biomass fuels to reduce the dependence on fossil fuels and carbon dioxide emissions. In view of harsh reaction conditions, low selectivity of product, and easy deactivation of the catalyst, this study studied the use of photothermal catalytic technology to convert cellulose into bio-oil rich in levulinic acid. It was discovered that a synergistic effect between heating and photocatalysis is present in cellulose degradation.

Transcriptional Analysis Reveals That the FHL1/JAK-STAT Pathway is Involved in Acute Cartilage Injury in Mice.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify genes and signaling pathways associated with acute cartilage injury using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq).MethodsKnee joint cartilage samples were collected from normal mice and 2 models of acute cartilage injury (non-invasive and groove models) within an 8-hour time limit. RNA-seq revealed differential gene expression between the injury models and controls, with subsequent validation using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) for 9 representative genes.

Rapid and efficient separation of eucalyptus hemicellulose by synergistic catalysis of acid and ketone in α-ketoglutaric acid pretreatment.

The efficient catalytic hydrolysis and mitigation of unstable structural transitions in lignin are essential for the commercialization of organic acid pretreatment. A novel binary carboxylic acid pretreatment utilizing α-ketoglutaric acid (AKA) was developed, which exploits a distinctive ion-pair biomimetic catalytic mechanism along with the activation of the ketone group. Under optimal AKA pretreatment conditions (5 % acid concentration, 150 °C, 45 min), the hemicellulose separation yield reached 85.

Deep eutectic solvent-mediated extraction of lignin: A novel strategy for producing high-quality biopolymers in controlled-release mulching applications.

Microplastic contamination of low-density polyethylene mulch and nutrient loss from fertilizers present significant challenges in the crop-growing. In this study, the focus was on creating a biodegradable film that combines the advantages of plastic film, thermal insulation and water retention, as well as the controlled release of fertilizer. A key innovation was the efficient introduction of low molecular weight and low dispersibility of poplar lignin into chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol matrices.

Chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia alleviates early-stage posttraumatic osteoarthritis via NF-κB/Nrf2 pathway in mice.

Background: Posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) is directly associated with early acute articular cartilage injury. Inhibition of cartilage destruction immediately following joint damage can effectively slow or prevent PTOA progression. Therefore, we sought to determine intervention targets and therapeutic strategies in the acute stage of cartilage injury.

Efficient Separation of Poplar Lignin Using a New Carboxylic Acid-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents - Choline Chloride/Malonic Acid.

Separation of lignin by pretreatment is an important step in biomass refining. This study investigated how a novel dicarboxylic acid-based deep eutectic solvent (DES) - choline chloride (ChCl)/malonic acid (MA) - affected the process of separating lignin from poplar. At 140 °C for 3.

Revealing the structural characteristics of lignin and recalcitrant components in bamboos of different heights.

Understanding the chemical structural differences of key components at varying bamboo heights enhances knowledge of its biological properties and adaptive mechanisms, promoting its high-value utilization. In this study, lignin and lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCC) were extracted from the base, middle, and top sections of bamboo culms, and the chemical composition, micro-regional distribution, and structural characteristics of key components were analyzed. Results showed that both lignin and hemicellulose contents followed the trend: top > base > middle.

Preparation of hydrophobic and lipophilic carboxymethyl cellulose composite aerogel using ferrous ion/ persulfate and its directed oxidation for oil-water emulsion separation.

In particular, efficient oxidative demulsification is an effective method for oil-water separation. However, the inactivation of free radicals owing to the rapid release of transition metals is the main factor that reduces the effectiveness. In this study, a hydrophobic and lipophilic CP/SiO@Fe composite aerogel was prepared using carboxymethyl cellulose as substrate, polyvinyl alcohol as reinforcement, and SiO nanoparticles as hydrophobic modifier.

Effect of screw insertion depth into fractured vertebrae in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures.

Purpose: The study's objective was to assess the effect of the screw insertion depth into fractured vertebrae in treating thoracolumbar fractures.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of 92 patients with thoracolumbar fractures from December 2018 to February 2020. Patients had AO type A2, A3 thoracolumbar fractures.

A novel electrocatalyst from TOCN/CGG hydrogel-supported Fe-rich sludge and its performance in treating azo dyes-contaminated water.

Monolithic electrocatalysts are desired for the electro-Fenton oxidation system. We used a hydrogel consisting of TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TOCN) and cationic guar gum (CGG) to disperse and support Fe-rich sludge and finally obtained a Fe-doped biochar (denoted as C-Sludge@TOCN/CGG) after the freeze-drying and carbonization. This C-Sludge@TOCN/CGG exhibited a porous structure with evenly-distributed Fe due to the inherently three-dimensional porous structure of TOCN/CGG hydrogel and the abundant carbon content.

Optimizing lignin demethylation using a novel proton- based ionic liquid: 1, 2-propanediamine/glycolic acid catalyst.

Demethylation modification of lignin is an effective strategy to overcome the barrier to its high-value conversion. The purpose of this study focuses on the new proton-based ionic liquid (PIL) 1, 2-propanediamine/glycolic acid (PD/GA) as a catalyst and solvent to achieve the targeted oxidation of lignin. The PD/GA solvents have higher selectivity and efficiency.

An integrated biorefinery strategy for Eucalyptus fractionation and co-producing glucose, furfural, and lignin based on deep eutectic solvent/cyclopentyl methyl ether system.

A novel biphasic system containing water-soluble deep eutectic solvent (DES) and cyclopentyl methyl ether (CPME) was developed to treat Eucalyptus for furfural production, extracting lignin and enhancing cellulose enzymatic hydrolysis. Herein effect of DES type, water content in DES, temperature and time on furfural yield in water-soluble DES/CPME pretreatment process was firstly evaluated. A maximum furfural yield of 80.

Exploration of the mechanism of levofloxacin removal by N-doped-induced interfacial micro-electric field-activated persulfate.

The defects formed by N doping always coexist with pyrrole nitrogen (Po) and pyridine nitrogen (Pd), and the synergistic mechanisms of HO production and PMS activation between the different Po: Pd are unknown. This paper synthesized MOF-derived carbon materials with different nitrogen-type ratios as cathode materials in an electro-Fenton system using precursors with different nitrogen-containing functional groups. Several catalysts with different Po: Pd ratios (0:4, 1:3, 2:2, 3:1, 4:0) were prepared, and the best catalyst for LEV degradation was FC-CN .

Simultaneous production of furfural, lignin and cellulose-rich residue from Eucalyptus urophylla × E. grandis by ChCl/1,2-propanediol/MIBK biphasic system pretreatment.

A facile biphasic system composed of choline chloride (ChCl)-based deep eutectic solvent (DES) and methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) was developed to realize the furfural production, lignin separation and preparation of fermentable glucose from Eucalyptus in one-pot. Results showed that the ChCl/1,2-propanediol/MIBK system owned the best property to convert hemicelluloses into furfural. Under the optimal conditions (MR = 1:2, raw materials:DES:MIBK ratio = 1:4:8 g/g/mL, 0.

Differential Studies on the Structure of Lignin-Carbohydrate Complexes (LCC) in Alkali-Extracted Plant Hemicelluloses.

Hemicellulose extracted by alkali treatment is of interest because of the advantages of its intact sugar structure and high degree of polymerization. However, the hemicellulose extracted by alkali treatment contained more lignin fragments and the presence of a lignin-carbohydrate complex (LCC), which affected the isolation and purification of hemicellulose and its comprehensive utilization. Therefore, the evaluation of the LCC structure of different types of lignocellulosic resources is of great significance.

Heteropolyacid promoted lignin-MOF derived spherical catalyst for catalytic hydrogen transfer of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural.

Catalytic conversion of biomass-derived value-added chemicals was of great significance for the utilization of renewable biomass resources to instead of fossil chemicals. Biomass-derived lignin was regarded as an important support and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) was a vital platform chemical derived from cellulose. Herein, a series of lignin-MOF hybrid catalysts were prepared and modified with different heteropolyacids (HPAs), which were then successfully introduced into the selective conversion of HMF to 5-hydroxymethylfurfuryl alcohol (MFA).

Direct synthesis of a lithium carboxymethyl cellulose binder using wood dissolving pulp for high-performance LiFePO cathodes in lithium-ion batteries.

Lithium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Li) is a promising novel water-based binder for lithium-ion batteries. The direct synthesis of CMC-Li was innovatively developed using abundant wood dissolving pulp materials from hardwood (HW) and softwood (SW). The resulting CMC-Li-HW and CMC-Li-SW binders possessed a suitable degree of substitutions and excellent molecular weight distributions with an appropriate quantity of long- and short-chain celluloses, which facilitated the construction of a reinforced concrete-like bonding system.

Unveiling the Dissolution Regularities of the Lignin-Carbohydrate Complex in Bamboo Cell Walls during Alkali Pretreatment.

Bamboo is a promising biomass resource. However, the complex multilayered structure and chemical composition of bamboo cell walls create a unique anti-depolymerization barrier, which increases the difficulty of separation and utilization of bamboo. In this study, the relationship between the connections of lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCCs) within bamboo cell walls and their multilayered structural compositions was investigated.

Anthraquinone-based polymer modified BiVO photoanode with strong electron-withdrawing functional groups for boasting photoelectrochemical water oxidation.

The photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance ofBiVO is limited by sluggish water oxidation kinetics and severe carrier recombination. Herein, a novel high-performance BiVO/NiFe-NOAQ photoanode is prepared by a simple one-step hydrothermal method, using BiVO and 1-Nitroanthraquinone (NOAQ) as raw materials. The BiVO/NiFe-NOAQ photoanode has an excellent photocurrent density of 5.