[Advances in cancer stem cell markers and their targeting aptamers].

Cancer ranks as the second leading cause of death globally and has surpassed cardiovascular diseases to become the primary cause of mortality in developed countries. Cancer stem cells (CSCs), which play crucial roles in cancer recurrence, metastasis, and drug resistance, have attracted significant attention in targeted therapeutic strategies. Aptamers, with unique three-dimensional structures capable of specifically recognizing the surface markers of CSCs, show promising potential in targeted drug delivery systems.

Fucoidan: A marine-derived polysaccharide with therapeutic potential in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases: A review.

Fucoidan, a marine polysaccharide composed mainly of L-fucose and sulfate groups, has been widely studied for its applications in cancer therapy, wound healing, and the food industry. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) encompasses a range of cardiovascular conditions, including acute myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, ischemic stroke, and peripheral arterial atherosclerosis (AS), with AS being the fundamental pathological basis. However, the application of fucoidan in ASCVD remains understudied.

[ Capsule promotes repair of osteoarthritis cartilage damage in mice by activating the CXCL12/GDF5 pathway].

Objectives: To explore the mechanism by which Capsule (TXC) promotes chondrogenic differentiation and cartilage repair in mice with osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods: Fifty 8-week-old male C57BL mice were randomly divided into normal control group, cartilage damage (induced by subchondral ring-shaped drilling) model group and TXC treatment groups at low, moderate and high doses (184, 368 and 736 mg/kg, respectively). Saline (in normal control and model groups) and TXC were administered after modeling by daily gavage for 6 consecutive weeks.

Multi-Targeted Anti-Cancer Effects of Triptophenolide in Hormone-Responsive and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Models.

Breast cancer (BC) remains a significant therapeutic challenge, necessitating novel agents with multi-target efficacy. Here, we demonstrate that triptophenolide (TRI), a bioactive compound from Tripterygium wilfordii, exerts potent anti-BC activity across hormone-responsive (MCF-7) and triple-negative (MDA-MB-231) subtypes. In vitro, TRI inhibited proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner, with IC values decreasing from 180.

Abnormalities of lipid metabolism in the progression and treatment of depression.

Depression represents a global health challenge with complex etiology and significant societal impact. Recent advancements reveal a critical role of lipid metabolism dysregulation in the pathogenesis and severity of depressive disorders. This review elucidates the impact of lipid imbalance on depression highlighting how dyslipidemia not only makes individuals prone to depression but also exacerbates the progression of depression (including the occurrence of some comorbidities of depression).

Trim45: An emerging E3 ubiquitin ligases in cancer.

The ubiquitin proteasome system is the major pathway for intracellular protein degradation and relies on ATP supply to specifically degrade misfolded or damaged proteins. The system consists of E1, E2, and E3 enzymes that mediate the ubiquitination modification of substrate proteins, followed by proteasomal recognition and degradation of the substrate proteins. The substrate specificity and structural diversity of E3 ubiquitin ligases allow for precise recognition and degradation of proteins by the system.

The peptide from C- Phycocyanin alleviates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by suppressing ferroptosis via upregulating UCHL3.

Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) constitutes an essential hurdle following reperfusion therapy for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), which the mechanism involves oxidative stress, inflammatory response, calcium overload, and ferroptosis, etc. MAQAAEYYR (P2), a kind of marine-derived bioactive peptide from C-Phycocyanin (C-PC), exhibits remarkable antioxidant properties. Due to its low molecular weight, P2 exhibits superior bioavailability compared to C-PC.

Immune modulation: the key to combat SARS-CoV-2 induced myocardial injury.

The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which caused the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, has posed significant healthcare challenges. In addition to respiratory complications, it has led to severe damage in other organs, particularly the cardiovascular system. Of which, myocardial injury is increasingly recognized as a most significant complication, contributing to the high mortality.

Paeonol Suppresses Bladder Cancer Progression via Apoptotic Pathways: Insights from In Vitro and In Vivo Studies.

: Bladder cancer (BC), a highly heterogeneous and mutation-prone malignancy, remains a significant therapeutic challenge due to its propensity for recurrence, metastasis, and drug resistance. Natural products, particularly paeonol, a bioactive compound derived from Moutan Cortex in traditional Chinese medicine, have shown promising potential in cancer therapy. This study aims to evaluate the anti-BC effects of paeonol and elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms.

A reversible fluorescence probe enables bioimaging and toxicity evaluation of lithium ion in living human cells.

The extensive use of lithium (Li) in green energy generation and storage poses a growing risk of human Li exposure. Therefore, advancing bioimaging and safety evaluation approaches for Li is crucial. This study introduces a new stratagem to reveal the toxicity effects of Li by developing a reversible lithium-sensitive probe (LSP).

UBA protein family: An emerging set of E1 ubiquitin ligases in cancer-A review.

The Ubiquitin A (UBA) protein family contains seven members that protect themselves or their interacting proteins from proteasome degradation. The UBA protein family regulates cell proliferation, cell cycle, invasion, migration, apoptosis, autophagy, tissue differentiation, and immune response. With the deepening of research, the UBA protein family has been found to be abnormally expressed in a variety of tumor diseases, and the clarification of its relationship with tumor diseases can be used as a molecular therapeutic target and have an important role in the prognosis of tumors.

Advancements in Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiac Sarcomas: A Comprehensive Review.

Cardiac sarcomas are rare, aggressive malignancies originating from various cardiac cell types, presenting significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment. This comprehensive review explores recent advancements in diagnosis and treatment of cardiac angiosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma. And we briefly discuss the exceedingly rare occurrence of cardiac osteosarcoma and present our perspectives on its treatment.

Rhoifolin Suppresses Cell Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells In Vitro and In Vivo.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent malignant tumor, ranking fifth in terms of fatality with poor prognosis and a low survival rate. Rhoifolin (ROF), a flavonoid constituent, has previously been shown to suppress the proliferation of breast and pancreatic cancer cells. However, its inhibitory effect on HCC has remained unexplored.

The gut microbiotas with metabolites regulate the protective role of miR-30a-5p in myocardial infarction.

Introduction: Gut microbial homeostasis is closely associated with myocardial infarction (MI). However, little is known about how gut microbiota influences miRNAs-regulated MI.

Objectives: This study aims to elucidate the connections between miR-30a-5p, MI, gut microbiota, and gut microbial metabolite-related pathways, to explore potential strategy for preventing and treating MI.

Integrated metabolomics and network pharmacology to reveal the mechanisms of Shexiang Baoxin pill against atherosclerosis.

Background: Atherosclerosis is a disease marked by the development of lipid lesions within the endothelium and continues to be a prominent contributor to global mortality. Shexiang Baoxin pill (SBP) has been employed in the management of numerous cardiovascular diseases, but the complex mechanisms by which it operates remain obscure. This research was conducted to determine the potential impact of SBP on atherosclerosis and the underlying regulatory mechanism involved.

The effect of probiotics supplementation on cancer-treatment complications: a critical umbrella review of interventional meta-analyses.

Cancer-related complications pose significant challenges in the management and treatment of patients with malignancies. Several meta-analyses have indicated improving effects of probiotics on cancer complications, while some studies have reported contentious findings. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of probiotics in addressing cancer complications, including diarrhea, mucositis, and infections, following chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery.

Role of gut microbiota in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity: from pathogenesis to related interventions.

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a broad-spectrum and highly efficient anticancer agent, but its clinical implication is limited by lethal cardiotoxicity. Growing evidences have shown that alterations in intestinal microbial composition and function, namely dysbiosis, are closely linked to the progression of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC) through regulating the gut-microbiota-heart (GMH) axis. The role of gut microbiota and its metabolites in DIC, however, is largely unelucidated.

Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis and systems biology approaches to identify the interplay between COVID-19 and pericarditis.

Background: Increasing evidence indicating that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) increased the incidence and related risks of pericarditis and whether COVID-19 vaccine is related to pericarditis has triggered research and discussion. However, mechanisms behind the link between COVID-19 and pericarditis are still unknown. The objective of this study was to further elucidate the molecular mechanisms of COVID-19 with pericarditis at the gene level using bioinformatics analysis.

Analysis and Validation of Critical Signatures and Immune Cell Infiltration Characteristics in Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity by Integrating Bioinformatics and Machine Learning.

Purpose: Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC) is a severe side reaction in cancer chemotherapy that greatly impacts the well-being of cancer patients. Currently, there is still an insufficiency of effective and reliable biomarkers in the field of clinical practice for the early detection of DIC. This study aimed to determine and validate the potential diagnostic and predictive values of critical signatures in DIC.

The Transcriptome Analysis of Circular RNAs Between the Doxorubicin- Induced Cardiomyocytes and Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells- Derived Exosomes Treated Ones.

Aim: To analyze the sequencing results of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in cardiomyocytes between the doxorubicin (DOX)-injured group and exosomes treatment group. Moreover, to offer potential circRNAs possibly secreted by exosomes mediating the therapeutic effect on DOX-induced cardiotoxicity for further study.

Methods: The DOX-injured group (DOX group) of cardiomyocytes was treated with DOX, while an exosomes-treated group of injured cardiomyocytes were cocultured with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC)-derived exosomes (BEC group).

Transcriptional and functional analysis of plasma exosomal microRNAs in acute viral myocarditis.

Aim: To assess the differential expression profiles of exosome-derived microRNA (miRNA) and reveal their potential functions in patients with acute viral myocarditis (AVMC).

Materials & Methods: Peripheral blood samples were collected from 9 patients diagnosed with AVMC and 9 healthy controls (HC) in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from July 2021 to September 2022. The exosomal miRNA expression were tested using RNA high-throughput sequencing.

MINOCA biomarkers: Non-atherosclerotic aspects.

Myocardial infarction in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease (MINOCA) is an important subtype of myocardial infarction. Although comprising less than 50% stenosis in the main epicardial coronary arteries, it constitutes a severe health risk. A variety of approaches have been recommended, but definitive diagnosis remains elusive.

Assessment of the Binding of Pseudallecin A to Human Serum Albumin with Multi-Spectroscopic Analysis, Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamic Simulation.

The binding of pseudallecin A (PA), a potential antibiotic with strong inhibitory activities against Gram-positive Escherichia coli and Gram-negative Staphylococcus aureus, to human serum albumin (HSA) was explored. The interaction between them was assessed by multi-spectroscopic analysis, binding site competitive analysis, molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation, showing the results as follows: PA effectively quenched the innate fluorescence of HSA by a static quenching process, formed a complex at a molar ratio of approximately 1 : 1 and performed an effective non-radiative energy transfer; the binding of PA to HSA was a spontaneous exothermic reaction driven by enthalpy with strong affinity and had a slight effect on the conformation of HSA; PA bound at site III of HSA and hydrogen bonds were the major binding forces to maintain the stability of the PA-HSA complex. Molecular dynamic simulation was performed to calculate the root mean square deviation (RMSD), root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) and radius of gyration (Rg) for this complex and effectively supported the spectroscopic outcome.

Specific subsets of urothelial bladder carcinoma infiltrating T cells associated with poor prognosis.

Comprehensive investigation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in cancer is crucial to explore the effective immunotherapies, but the composition of infiltrating T cells in urothelial bladder carcinoma (UBC) remains elusive. Here, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) were performed on total 30,905 T cells derived from peripheral blood, adjacent normal and tumor tissues from two UBC patients. We identified 18 distinct T cell subsets based on molecular profiles and functional properties.

Bradykinin-pretreated Human cardiac-specific c-kit Cells Enhance Exosomal miR-3059-5p and Promote Angiogenesis Against Hindlimb Ischemia in mice.

Background: Protection of cardiac function following myocardial infarction was largely enhanced by bradykinin-pretreated cardiac-specific c-kit (BK-c-kit) cells, even without significant engraftment, indicating that paracrine actions of BK-c-kit cells play a pivotal role in angiogenesis. Nevertheless, the active components of the paracrine actions of BK-c-kit cells and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. This study aimed to define the active components of exosomes from BK-c-kit cells and elucidate their underlying protective mechanisms.