Conservative therapy of epidural hematoma with atorvastatin combined with glucocorticoids: cases report and literature review.

Epidural hematomas (EDH), typically requiring surgery, may be managed conservatively in select patients. We investigated atorvastatin (10 mg/day) combined with dexamethasone (2.25 mg/day) as conservative therapy in six EDH patients (GCS ≥ 13, volume < 30 ml) post-trauma.

Zwitterionic lipid nanoparticles for efficient siRNA delivery and hypercholesterolemia therapy with rational charge self-transformation.

Effective delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) remains a significant challenge in treating hypercholesterolemia due to biocompatibility, cellular uptake, and endosomal escape issues. Rational regulation of carrier surface charge contributes to efficient siRNA delivery . This study introduces zwitterionic lipid nanoparticles (ZwiLNPs) as a novel solution to these challenges.

A Rare Case of High-Altitude Polycythemia Complicated by Spontaneous Splenic Rupture.

Wang, Bowen, Mengjia Peng,, Liheng Jiang,, Fei Fang,, Juan Wang,, Yan Li,, Ruichen Zhao,, and Yuliang Wang,. A Rare Case of High-Altitude Polycythemia Complicated by Spontaneous Splenic Rupture. 25:247-250, 2024.

A Biomimic Nanobullet with Ameliorative Inflammatory Microenvironment for Alzheimer's Disease Treatments.

Aβ oligomers, formed prior to diagnostic marker-amyloid β (Aβ) plaques, can damage neurons and trigger neuroinflammation, which accelerate the neuronal injury in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Herein, the combination of eliminating the Aβ oligomers and alleviating the inflammation is a promising therapeutic strategy for AD. However, the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the intrinsic deficiencies of the drugs severely restrict their therapeutic effects.

Smart antioxidant function enhancing (SAFE) nucleic acid therapy for ROS-related chronic diseases and comorbidities.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative stress exacerbates chronic diseases such as organ damage and neurodegenerative disorders. The Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway is a widely distributed endogenous antioxidant system. However, ROS under redox homeostasis regulates a wide range of life activities.

Clinical outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma patients after hepatectomy treated with TACE in combination with sorafenib: a propensity score matched analysis.

Background: To assess the long-term effects of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with sorafenib versus TACE alone procedures in recurrent patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: A total of 381 recurrent patients treated with partial hepatectomy undergoing either TACE + sorafenib treatment or TACE alone were included in this retrospective research. To minimize bias brought on by confounding factors, propensity score matching (PSM) was used.

Nucleic acid drug vectors for diagnosis and treatment of brain diseases.

Nucleic acid drugs have the advantages of rich target selection, simple in design, good and enduring effect. They have been demonstrated to have irreplaceable superiority in brain disease treatment, while vectors are a decisive factor in therapeutic efficacy. Strict physiological barriers, such as degradation and clearance in circulation, blood-brain barrier, cellular uptake, endosome/lysosome barriers, release, obstruct the delivery of nucleic acid drugs to the brain by the vectors.

Caveolin-1-deficient fibroblasts promote migration, invasion, and stemness via activating the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in breast cancer cells.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) represent one of the main components in the tumor stroma and play a key role in breast cancer progression. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) has been established to mediate breast cancer metastasis by regulating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness of cancer cells. Caveolin-1 (CAV-1) is a scaffold protein of caveolae that is related to the proliferation and metabolism of cancer cells.

Advances in oral peptide drug nanoparticles for diabetes mellitus treatment.

Peptide drugs play an important role in diabetes mellitus treatment. Oral administration of peptide drugs is a promising strategy for diabetes mellitus because of its convenience and high patient compliance compared to parenteral administration routes. However, there are a series of formidable unfavorable conditions present in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract after oral administration, which result in the low oral bioavailability of these peptide drugs.

Intranasal Administration of Self-Oriented Nanocarriers Based on Therapeutic Exosomes for Synergistic Treatment of Parkinson's Disease.

The treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) has been hindered by the complex pathologies and multiple membrane barriers during drug delivery. Although exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have great potential for PD, MSC-derived exosomes alone could not fully meet the therapeutic requirements due to their limitation in therapy and delivery. Here, we develop a self-oriented nanocarrier called PR-EXO/PP@Cur that combines therapeutic MSC-derived exosomes with curcumin.

Nature-inspired dynamic gene-loaded nanoassemblies for the treatment of brain diseases.

Gene therapy has great potential to treat brain diseases. However, genetic drugs need to overcome a cascade of barriers for their full potential. The conventional delivery systems often struggle to meet expectations.

Small Extracellular Vesicles: Functions and Potential Clinical Applications as Cancer Biomarkers.

Cancer, as the second leading cause of death worldwide, is a major public health concern that imposes a heavy social and economic burden. Effective approaches for either diagnosis or therapy of most cancers are still lacking. Dynamic monitoring and personalized therapy are the main directions for cancer research.

Self-Catalytic Small Interfering RNA Nanocarriers for Synergistic Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Gene therapy has shown great potential for neurodegenerative diseases with complex pathology. However, its therapeutic effect is limited due to the delivery barriers and its own single function. Herein, self-catalytic small interfering RNA (siRNA) nanocarriers (S/Ce-PABMS) are developed to catalyze delivery process and treatment process for synergistic treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

Interaction between Curcumin and β-Casein: Multi-Spectroscopic and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Methods.

Effect of temperature and pH on the interaction of curcumin with β-casein was explored by fluorescence spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulation. The spectroscopic results showed that curcumin could bind to β-casein to form a complex which was driven mainly by electrostatic interaction. The intrinsic fluorescence of β-casein was quenched by curcumin through static quenching mechanism.

Current Knowledge of Long Non-Coding RNA HOTAIR in Breast Cancer Progression and Its Application.

Breast cancer is one of the most devastating cancers with high morbidity and mortality in females worldwide. Breast tumorigenesis and further development present great uncertainty and complexity, and efficient therapeutic approaches still lack. Accumulating evidence indicates HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) is dysregulated in cancers and has emerged as a novel hotspot in the field.

Traceable Nano-Biohybrid Complexes by One-Step Synthesis as CRISPR-Chem Vectors for Neurodegenerative Diseases Synergistic Treatment.

Abnormal protein aggregations are essential pathological features of neurodegenerative diseases. Eliminating while inhibiting the regeneration of these protein aggregates is considered an effective treatment strategy. Herein, the CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing tool is employed to inhibit the regeneration of disease-related proteins, while chemical drugs are applied to eliminate the proteins that are produced.

Exosomal microRNAs: Pleiotropic Impacts on Breast Cancer Metastasis and Their Clinical Perspectives.

As a major threat factor for female health, breast cancer (BC) has garnered a lot of attention for its malignancy and diverse molecules participating in its carcinogenesis process. Among these complex carcinogenesis processes, cell proliferation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET), and angiogenesis are the major causes for the occurrence of metastasis and chemoresistance which account for cancer malignancy. MicroRNAs packaged and secreted in exosomes are termed "exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs)".

Charge-switchable zwitterionic polycarboxybetaine particle as an intestinal permeation enhancer for efficient oral insulin delivery.

Insulin, a peptide hormone, is one of the most common and effective antidiabetic drugs. Although oral administration is considered to be the most convenient and safe choice for patients, the oral bioavailability of insulin is very low due to the poor oral absorption into blood circulation. Intestinal epithelium is a major barrier for the oral absorption of insulin.

Overlap junctions for superconducting quantum electronics and amplifiers.

Due to their unique properties as lossless, nonlinear circuit elements, Josephson junctions lie at the heart of superconducting quantum information processing. Previously, we demonstrated a two-layer, submicrometer-scale overlap junction fabrication process suitable for qubits with long coherence times. Here, we extend the overlap junction fabrication process to micrometer-scale junctions.

pH-sensitive zwitterionic polycarboxybetaine as a potential non-viral vector for small interfering RNA delivery.

Small interfering RNA (siRNA) has great potential for the treatment of various diseases. However, its intrinsic deficiencies seriously limit its application. Herein, pH-sensitive zwitterionic polymer polycarboxybetaine (PCB) was developed as a non-viral vector for siRNA.

Exosome: a significant nano-scale drug delivery carrier.

In recent years, due to the limitations of the nature of therapeutic agents, many synthetic nano-delivery systems have emerged to enhance the efficacy of drugs. Extracellular vesicles are currently a class of natural nano-scale drug carriers released by cells. As a tiny vesicle with a lipid bilayer membrane that can be secreted by most cells in the body, exosomes carry and transmit important signal molecules, Therefore, they have been a research hotspot in biomedicine and biomaterials due to their size advantages and huge potential in drug therapy.

Vascular, flow and perfusion abnormalities in Parkinson's disease.

Background: Reduced flow into the brain or decreased jugular venous outflow from the brain may serve as a potential biomarker for Parkinson's disease (PD). Our goal was to compare the presence of vascular abnormalities, flow, and increases in midbrain iron content (a hallmark of the disease) in patients with PD.

Methods: A total of 85 PD patients and 85 healthy controls (HCs) were imaged at 3T.

Multifaceted Roles of Caveolin-1 in Lung Cancer: A New Investigation Focused on Tumor Occurrence, Development and Therapy.

Lung cancer is one of the most common and malignant cancers with extremely high morbidity and mortality in both males and females. Although traditional lung cancer treatments are fast progressing, there are still limitations. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), a main component of caveolae, participates in multiple cellular events such as immune responses, endocytosis, membrane trafficking, cellular signaling and cancer progression.