A glycogen derived from sea urchin- shifts macrophages to the M1 phenotype and enhances the anti-pancreatic cancer activity of gemcitabine.

One of the biggest obstacles to treating pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is chemotherapy resistance. Macrophages are an essential element of the innate immune system and are distributed in almost every tissue in the body. Among them, macrophages infiltrating into the tumor microenvironment negatively regulate tumor immunity and participate in the generation, invasion, migration and drug resistance of PDAC.

The anti-hyperuricemia effects of polysaccharide from Saccharina japonica through gut-kidney axis.

Hyperuricemia (HUA), a global health burden affecting adults, drives progressive renal dysfunction and chronic inflammation. Current therapies exhibit limited efficacy and renal toxicity, necessitating safer multi-target agents. Here, we characterize a marine-derived heteropolysaccharide (SHP) from Saccharina japonica and demonstrate its pleiotropic anti-hyperuricemia effects.

Comprehensive analysis of salicylic acid-derivatized alginate: Synthesis, characterization, and anti-acne potential.

Salicylic acid (SA) is commonly utilized in the early treatment of acne due to its therapeutic efficacy. However, its clinical performance is hindered by limited aqueous solubility, stability and potential for irritation. This study addresses these challenges through deriving SA with alginate (SA-g-Alg) based on a complementary advantages strategy, designed to retain the bioactivity of SA while mitigating its drawbacks.

A sulfated arabinose-rich polysaccharide hydrogel from Chaetomorpha valida: preparation, properties and mechanisms.

Marine polysaccharides such as alginate, agar, and carrageenan are widely used as commercially hydrocolloids for hydrogels fabrication. In this study, we report the development of a novel sulfated arabinose-rich heteropolysaccharide (CVP) hydrogel from the edible green alga Chaetomorpha valida. CVP is a high-molecular-weight polysaccharide that spontaneously forms hydrogels (CVG) at room temperature and exhibits thermal reversibility.

Astaxanthin Mitigates ADHD Symptoms in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats via Dopaminergic Modulation and Brain-Gut Axis Regulation.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder that significantly impacts learning, daily functioning, and personal development. Astaxanthin (ASTA), a naturally occurring antioxidant, has garnered interest as a potential therapeutic agent for various diseases, particularly in mitigating oxidative stress. This study explores a novel application of ASTA in the context of ADHD, aiming to investigate its therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms.

Exploring the Nutraceutical Potential of a Food-Medicine Compound for Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease via Lipidomics and Network Pharmacology.

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a prevalent global health issue closely tied to dietary habits, impacting a significant portion of the adult population. MAFLD is linked to various metabolic disorders, elevating risks of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma and severely impacting patients' quality of life. While therapeutic research has progressed, effective food-based interventions remain scarce.

Self-assembed Fe-doped tobacco straw rich in lignin biochar towards efficient activation of peroxymonosulfate for sulfonamide elimination: Characterization, experimental study, and theoretical calculation.

In this study, biochars derived from different crop straws rich in lignin were prepared and used to adsorb the transition metal Fe from wastewater. Among these biochars, ball-milled tobacco straw biochar (BTBC) exhibited a greater adsorption capacity. Subsequently, BTBC saturated with Fe was pyrolysed to prepare self-assembled Fe-doped BTBC (Fe@BTBC), which exhibited excellent catalytic ability for peroxymonosulfate (PMS).

Antibody-drug conjugate combinations in cancer treatment: clinical efficacy and clinical study perspectives.

Antibody-drug conjugates have emerged as a promising cancer treatment, combining targeted delivery of cytotoxic agents with the specificity of monoclonal antibodies. Despite their potential, ADCs face limitations such as resistance and off-target effects. To enhance their efficacy, ADCs are increasingly being combined with other therapeutic strategies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, chemotherapy, small-molecule inhibitors, anti-angiogenic agents, and CAR-T cell therapies.

Preparation and antibacterial properties of benzisothiazolinone quaternized chitosan derivatives for sustainable fuel preservation.

1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one (BIT) has strong antibacterial activity, but its water insolubility and skin toxicity effects hinder its application in the antibacterial domain of the fuel system. In this study, benzisothiazolinone quaternized chitosan derivative (HACCBIT) was synthesized by intercalated quaternized chitosan with 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one-based anions (BIT-COO-) via ion-exchange reactions. HACCBIT exhibits enhanced aqueous solubility and remarkable biocompatibility.

Balloon guide catheters for endovascular thrombectomy in patients with acute ischaemic stroke due to large-vessel occlusion in China (PROTECT-MT): a multicentre, open-label, blinded-endpoint, randomised controlled trial.

Background: The effectiveness of using a balloon guide catheter during endovascular thrombectomy in patients with acute ischaemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion of the anterior circulation remains uncertain. We aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of using a balloon guide catheter during endovascular thrombectomy, compared with using a conventional guide catheter, in this patient population.

Methods: We conducted a multicentre, open-label, blinded-endpoint, randomised controlled trial at 28 hospitals in China.

Structural Analysis and Anticoagulant Activity of Fucosylated Glycosaminoglycan from Sea Cucumber .

is a low-value sea cucumber from Indonesia and other tropical peripheral waters. In this study, a fucosylated glycosaminoglycan (FG) was extracted from . It consists of GlcA, GalNAc, and Fuc, with a molecular weight of 67.

Discovery of a novel nanomolar angiotensin-I converting enzyme inhibitory peptide with unusual binding mechanisms derived from Chlorella pyrenoidosa.

Chlorella pyrenoidosa (C. pyrenoidosa) has been cultivated in large quantities and proven to be antihypertensive when consumed orally. However, the antihypertensive peptides derived from C.

Diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography for patent foramen ovale detection.

Background: Patent foramen ovale (PFO) has been associated with migraine, cryptogenic stroke (CS), and hypoxemia. However, which examination method is most reliable remains controversial. This study sought to investigate the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (cU), including contrast-enhanced transcranial Doppler (cTCD), contrast transthoracic echocardiography (cTTE), and contrast transesophageal echocardiography (cTEE), for PFO; and to determine the best diagnostic strategy.

A review: Structure, bioactivity and potential application of algal polysaccharides in skin aging care and therapy.

Skin is the first barrier of body which stands guard for defending aggressive pathogens and environmental pressures all the time. Cutaneous metabolism changes in harmful exposure, following with skin dysfunctions and diseases. Lots of researches have reported that polysaccharides extracted from seaweeds exhibited multidimensional bioactivities in dealing with skin disorder.

Optimization of the Preparation Process of Glucuronomannan Oligosaccharides and Their Effects on the Gut Microbiota in MPTP-Induced PD Model Mice.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, and accumulating evidence suggests a link between dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and the onset and progression of PD. In our previous investigations, we discovered that intraperitoneal administration of glucuronomannan oligosaccharides (GMn) derived from exhibited neuroprotective effects in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD mouse model. However, the complicated preparation process, difficulties in isolation, and remarkably low yield have constrained further exploration of GMn.

Fucoidan from the cell wall of Silvetia siliquosa with immunomodulatory effect on RAW 264.7 cells.

Silvetia siliquosa, the only species of the family Fucaceae in China, is used as a medicine food homology. Fucoidan from S. siliquosa was extracted by hot water twice thoroughly (13 % of total yield), and a purified fucoidan SSF with a molecular weight of 93 kD was obtained.

Low molecular weight fucoidan LF2 improves the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and enhances the anti-pancreatic cancer activity of oxaliplatin.

Chemotherapy remains the cornerstone of pancreatic cancer treatment. However, the dense interstitial and immunosuppressive microenvironment frequently render the ineffective anti-tumor activity of chemotherapeutic agents. Macrophages play a key role in the tumor immunomodulation.

Low molecular weight fucoidan restores diabetic endothelial glycocalyx by targeting neuraminidase2: A new therapy target in glycocalyx shedding.

Background And Purpose: Diabetic vascular complication is a leading cause of disability and mortality in diabetes patients. Low molecular weight fucoidan (LMWF) is a promising drug candidate for vascular complications. Glycocalyx injury predates the occurrence of diabetes vascular complications.

Preparation of Multifunctional Seaweed Polysaccharides Derivatives Composite Hydrogel to Protect Ultraviolet B-Induced Photoaging In Vitro and In Vivo.

Seaweed polysaccharides can be used for protective skin photoaging which is caused by long-term exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB). In this study, a multifunctional composite hydrogel (FACP5) is prepared using sulfated galactofucan polysaccharides, alginate oligosaccharides as active ingredients, and polyacrylonitrile modified κ-Carrageenan as substrate. The properties of FACP5 show that it has good water retention, spreadability, and adhesion.

Opportunities and challenges of fucoidan for tumors therapy.

The large-scale collections, screening and discovery of biologically active and pharmacologically significant marine-derived natural products have garnered tremendous attraction. Edible brown algae are rich in fucoidan. Importantly, fucoidan has been reported to inhibit carcinogenesis and metastasis mainly through the regulation of deregulated cell signaling pathways.

Preparation of a Dual-Functional Sulfated Galactofucan Polysaccharide/Poly(vinyl alcohol) Hydrogel to Promote Macrophage Recruitment and Angiogenic Potential in Diabetic Wound Healing.

A diabetic foot ulcer is a common high-risk complication in diabetic patients, but there is still no universal dressing for clinical treatment. In this study, a novel dual-functional sulfated galactofucan polysaccharide/poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel (DPH20) is developed during freeze-thaw cycles. Experimental results indicated that DPH20 had a high specific surface area, a dense porous structure, and a good swelling property, which could effectively adsorb the exudates and keep the wound moist.

Viscoelasticity in trapezius myofascial pain syndrome: quantitative assessment using Real-Time Shear-Wave Elastography.

Objective: To investigate the differences in the viscoelastic properties between normal trapezius muscles and those in patients with trapezius myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) using real-time shear-wave elastography (SWE).

Materials And Methods: This study included 31 patients with trapezius MPS and 31 volunteers. Sixty-one trapezius muscles (41 and 20 on the affected and non-affected side, respectively) of patients with MPS and 62 normal trapezius muscles in volunteers were assessed.