The effects of an integrated sports and arts intervention on response joint attention (RJA) eye-movement characteristics in children with mild autism.

This study examines whether integrating sports and arts interventions enhances response joint attention (RJA) in children with mild autism and provides insights for diversifying intervention strategies for autism. 2024.6-2024.

Influence of Recycled Tire Steel Fiber Content on the Mechanical Properties and Fracture Characteristics of Ultra-High-Performance Concrete.

Ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) reinforced with recycled tire steel fibers (RTSFs) was studied to evaluate its mechanical properties and cracking behavior. Using acoustic emission (AE) monitoring, researchers tested various RTSF replacement rates in compression and flexural tests. Results revealed a clear trend: mechanical properties initially improved then declined with increasing RTSF content, peaking at 25% replacement.

Regulating Chlorine Activation Pathways via Triphase Photothermal Catalysis for Enhanced Removal of Emerging Contaminants and Control of Disinfection Byproducts.

Diphase photocatalysis/chlorine processes with nanophotocatalysts can simultaneously degrade emerging contaminants (ECs) and disinfect water. However, they suffer from poor recyclability, disinfection byproduct (DBP) formation, and inefficient interfacial mass transfer. Therefore, we develop a gas-liquid-solid triphase photothermal catalysis (PTC)/chlorine system featuring a metal-free catalyst that regulates chlorine activation for superior EC removal and DBP control.

Promoting Mn Spin-State Transitions from t to e through Ni Doping in Antiperovskite CuNMn for Highly Efficient Ammonia Synthesis.

The electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (e-NRR) offers a sustainable approach to ammonia synthesis under ambient conditions, with the potential to replace the energy-intensive Haber-Bosch process. Despite significant progress in this promising field, the low NH yield rate and limited Faradaic efficiency (FE) remain formidable challenges. Here, we introduce antiperovskite CuNiNMn, where partial substitution of Cu by Ni in CuNMn is developed as an effective and robust e-NRR electrocatalyst.

Site-Selectively Accelerating the Generation of β-Linked Residue Isoaspartate in Proteins.

Isoaspartate (isoAsp) is a β-linked residue in proteins spontaneously generated through Asn deamidation or Asp dehydration and significantly affects protein properties. However, the sluggish and site-nonselective generation of isoAsp residues in proteins severely impedes in-depth biological investigations as well as the exploitation of its unique β-linkage features. Herein, we introduce a method that allows site-selective and rapid generation of isoAsp residues in proteins.

In situ Reconstructured Alloy Nanosheets Heterojunction for Highly Selective Electrochemical CO Reduction to Formate.

Tin (Sn)-based materials are expected to realize efficient CO electroreduction into formate. Herein, we constructed a heterojunction by depositing Cu on Cu-doped SnS nanosheets. During the electrochemical reaction, this heterojunction evolves to a highly active phase of CuO@CuSn while maintaining its two-dimensional morphology.

Unveiling the Pharmacological Role of Human Deubiquitinating Enzymes in Temozolomide Response of Glioblastoma Cells.

Temozolomide (TMZ) stands as the primary chemotherapeutic drug utilized in clinical glioma treatment, particularly for high-grade glioblastoma (GBM). However, the emergence of TMZ resistance in GBM poses a significant hurdle to its clinical efficacy. Our objective was to elucidate the role of deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) in GBM cell resistance to TMZ.

Atomic Valence Reversal-Induced Polarization Resonance Spurs Highly Efficient Electromagnetic Wave Absorption in α-FeO@Carbon Microtubes.

Variegation and complexity of polarization relaxation loss in many heterostructured materials provide available mechanisms to seek a strong electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption performance. Here we construct a unique heterostructured compound that bonds α-FeO nanosheets of the (110) plane on carbon microtubes (CMTs). Through effective alignment between the Fermi energy level of CMTs and the conduction band position of α-FeO nanosheets at the interface, we attain substantial polarization relaxation loss via novel atomic valence reversal between Fe(III) ↔ Fe(III) induced with periodic electron injection from conductive CMTs under EMW irradiation to give α-FeO nanosheets.

Surface CN bonds mediate photocatalytic CO reduction into efficient CH production in TiO-decorated g-CN nanosheets.

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN, CN) has garnered considerable attention in the field of photocatalysis due to its favorable band gap and high specific surface area. However, its primary practical limitation lies in the strong radiative recombination of lone pair (LP) electronic states, leading to limited efficiency in separating photogenerated carriers and subsequently diminishing photocatalytic performance. In this study, we devised and synthesized a heterojunction photocatalytic system comprising TiO nanosheets supported on modified g-CN (MCN), designated as MCN/TiO.

Transcriptome-based comparison reveals key genes regulating allometry growth of forelimb and hindlimb bone in duck embryos.

Allometric growth of the forelimb and hindlimb is a widespread phenomenon observed in vertebrates. As a typical precocial bird, ducks exhibit more advanced development of their hindlimbs compared to their forelimbs, enabling them to walk shortly after hatching. This phenomenon is closely associated with the development of long bones in the embryonic stage.

Biotransformation and Gut Microbiota-Mediated Bioactivity of Flavonols.

Consumption of fruits and vegetables has been associated with a reduced risk of multiple diseases, such as metabolic disorders. Flavonols are the most ubiquitous flavonoids in fruits and vegetables. However, dietary flavonols exhibit a general low oral bioavailability for their extensive biotransformation mediated by phase II enzymes in enterocytes and liver as well as by microbiota in the gut lumen.

Identification of the genetic basis of the duck growth rate in multiple growth stages using genome-wide association analysis.

Background: The genetic locus responsible for duck body size has been fully explained before, but the growth trait-related genetic basis is still waiting to be explored. For example, the genetic site related to growth rate, an important economic trait affecting marketing weight and feeding cost, is still unclear. Here, we performed genome wide association study (GWAS) to identify growth rate-associated genes and mutations.

Light-Induced Tunable Ferroelectric Polarization in Dipole-Embedded Metal-Organic Framework.

Reversible regulation of ferroelectric polarization possesses great potentials recently in bionic neural networks. Photoinduced cis-trans isomers have changeable dipole moments, but they cannot be directed to some specific orientation. Here, we construct a host-guest composite structure which consists of a porous ferroelectric metal (Ni)-organic framework [Ni(DPA)] as host and photoisomer, azobenzene (AZB), as guest molecules.

Surface Electron Localization in Cu-MOF-Bonded Double-Heterojunction CuO Induces Highly Efficient Photocatalytic CO Reduction.

Truncated octahedron CuO (TOC) has attracted more attention for its suitable band gap and high carrier separation efficiency due to introduction of the facet heterojunction, but its practical drawback is still the instability caused by the irreversible disproportionation reaction (CuO → Cu + CuO). Here, we design and fabricate the TOC/Cu-MOF (MOF: metal-organic framework) double-heterojunction structures with different Cu-MOF loadings. The introduced heterojunction between TOC and Cu-MOF not only produces a stable interface Cu bonding structure with the electronic states localized within the average collisional diameter of electrons 1.

N-Glycan Engineering: Constructing the N-GlcNAc Stump.

N-Glycosylation is often essential for the structure and function of proteins. However, N-glycosylated proteins from natural sources exhibit considerable heterogeneity in the appended oligosaccharides, bringing daunting challenges to corresponding basic research and therapeutic applications. To address this issue, various synthetic, enzymatic, and chemoenzymatic approaches have been elegantly designed.

Expanding the Scope of Genetically Encoded Lysine Post-Translational Modifications with Lactylation, β-Hydroxybutyrylation and Lipoylation.

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) occurring on lysine residues, especially diverse forms of acylations, have seen rapid growth over the past two decades. Among them, lactylation and β-hydroxybutyrylation of lysine side-chains are newly identified histone marks and their implications in physiology and diseases have aroused broad research interest. Meanwhile, lysine lipoylation is highly conserved in diverse organisms and well known for its pivotal role in central metabolic pathways.

Experimental-Numerical Study on the Flexural Ultimate Capacity of Prestressed Concrete Box Girders Subjected to Collision.

Precise evaluation for flexural ultimate capacity of bridges which are subjected to the collision of over-height trucks is essential for making decisions on corresponding maintenance, strengthening or replacement. When the span of a cross-line continuous bridge with a double-box girder was hit by an overly high vehicle, the concrete floor of one girder was severely damaged, and part of the prestressed strands and reinforcements in the girder were broken. After the double-box girder was removed and separated into two single box girders, the ultimate flexural capacity of both box girders was studied by destructive tests, and a comparison was made between the damaged and undamaged girders.

Transformation of ginsenosides by moderate heat-moisture treatment and their cytotoxicity toward HepG2 cells.

In the current study, the effects of heat-moisture treatment on the ginsenoside contents and ginsenoside compositions such as Rg, CK and Rb etc. were investigated at different temperatures, relative humidities (RHs) and treatment times. Our findings demonstrated that the highest total ginsenoside content was 7.

Estimation of the Annual Effective Dose Due to the Ingestion of Pb and Po in Crops from a Site of Coal Mining and Processing in Southwest China.

The exploitation of mineral resources may cause the environmental release of radionuclides and their introduction in the human trophic chain, affecting public health in the short and long term. A case study of the environmental radiation impact from coal mining and germanium processing was carried out in southwest China. The coal mines contain germanium and uranium and have been exploited for more than 40 years.

Site-Specific Protein Modification with Reducing Carbohydrates.

Protein glycosylation plays critical roles in many biological processes. However, the fundamental study and application of glycobiology are hindered by the heterogeneousness of oligosaccharides in natural glycoproteins and the difficulty in constructing glycoproteins of human design. Herein, we describe a semisynthetic method to site-specifically modify proteins with reducing carbohydrates.