Facial Verrucous Epidermal Nevus with pruritus: Successfully treated with photodynamic therapy.

Verrucous epidermal nevus (VEN) is uncommon and is typically present at birth. The disorder is essentially cosmetic and is found more often in females which features were brown and skin-colored verrucous papules or plaques distributed linearly along Blaschko's lines. VEN on the face often adversely affect the patient's self-esteem.

Single-cell transcriptomics unveils leukocyte heterogeneity in the gills of in response to parasitic infection.

Background: Fish gills serve as critical immune interfaces against aquatic pathogens, yet their leukocyte heterogeneity in response to parasitic infections remains poorly understood.

Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing was employed to elucidate leukocyte responses in the gills of during infection.

Results: A total of 13,070 leukocytes from the gills under steady-state and infected conditions were profiled and classified into eight principal lineages: T cells (> 70% of total immune cells), ILC2-like cells, NK-like cells, neutrophils, granulocytes, B cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells.

Regakine-1 homologue regulates leukocyte migration and activation in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea).

Chemokines are essential components of the vertebrate immune system, playing a crucial role in modulating the migration and functional activation of leukocytes. Among the chemokine superfamily, CC chemokines constitute the largest subgroup in mammals. Although this subfamily exhibits a significant expansion in teleosts, its functional roles remain largely unexplored.

Identification and bioactivity of a programmed death-ligand 1 homologue in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea).

As a pivotal checkpoint molecule in immune system, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) orchestrates T cell immunity by suppressing T cell proliferation/activation, promoting apoptosis/anergy/exhaustion, and inducing regulatory T cell differentiation. Although teleosts possess a PD-L1 homologue capable of executing analogous functions, its immunological mechanisms remain largely uncharacterized. Here, we characterized a PD-L1 homologue (LcPD-L1) in a commercially significant species, Larimichthys crocea.

Zearalenone: Contamination, Biological Characterization, and Mechanism of Enzymatic Degradation in Food.

Mycotoxins are a class of biological contaminants that pose significant threats to food safety, leading to substantial food waste and significant economic losses. Among these, zearalenone (ZEN), a specific mycotoxin produced by Fusarium species during the infection of grains, is particularly concerning due to its reproductive toxicity, digestive toxicity, hepatotoxicity, and immunotoxicity in various organisms. Although numerous methods for degrading ZEN have been developed, challenges still remain in removing effectively ZEN from food.

Roles of B7 homologue 3 protein (B7-H3) in T cell responses of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea).

The B7 family provides critical co-stimulatory signals for T cell activation through receptor interactions, thereby modulating T cell proliferation and function. However, the roles and downstream signaling pathways of these molecules in teleosts remain largely unexplored. In the present study, we identified a B7-H3 homologue (LcB7-H3) in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea), a commercially significant marine teleost species.

Optogenetic-Controlled iPSC-Based Vaccines for Prophylactic and Therapeutic Tumor Suppression in Mice.

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) share similar cellular features and various antigens profiles with cancer cells. Leveraging these characteristics, iPSCs hold great promise for developing wide-spectrum vaccines against cancers. In practice, iPSCs are typically combined with immune adjuvants to enhance antitumor immune responses; however, traditional adjuvants lack controllability and can induce systemic toxicity, which has limited their broad application.

Transcriptomic analysis reveals the role of MAPK signaling pathway in IgM B cells against Pseudomonas plecoglossicida infection in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea).

The large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea), an economically important marine fish in China, often suffers serious losses due to visceral white nodule disease caused by Pseudomonas plecoglossicida infection. IgM B cells play critical roles in the defense against bacterial infection, yet their immune response and underlying mechanisms against the P. plecoglossicida infection in large yellow croaker remain poorly characterized.

Morphology-engineered alleviation of mycelial aggregation in chassis for potentiated production of secondary metabolites.

The genus exhibits a complex life cycle of morphological differentiation and an extraordinary capacity to produce numerous bioactive secondary metabolites. In submerged cultures, species usually grow in the form of mycelial networks and aggregate into large pellets or clumps, which is generally unfavorable for industrial production. This study aimed to construct efficient microbial cell factories by manipulating morphology-related genes.

Self-care activities mediate self-perceived burden and depression in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Diabetes is becoming increasingly common and has become an important global health issue. In addition to physical damage, diabetes often leads to psychological complications, such as depressive symptoms. Self-care is considered to be the cornerstone of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) management.

Mesoporous Gold Nanospheres Confined Platinum Nanoclusters as Robust ROS and Oxygen Nanogenerators for NIR-II Hyperthermia Cancer Therapy.

While massive studies are focused on platinum (Pt)-based nanozyme for antitumor therapies, their therapeutic efficiency is deficient due to the weak catalytic activity in the highly complex tumor microenvironment. Herein, mesoporous gold nanospheres confined platinum nanoclusters (MGNSs@Pt) as robust hydroxyl radical and oxygen nanogenerators are achieved for multimodal therapies. Benefiting from the confinement effect of the mesopores in the MGNSs, the Pt nanoclusters (Pt NCs) demonstrate enhanced stability and catalytic activity, with a catalytic constant (K) of 1.

Manipulation and Simulation on the Luminescence Performance of Ag Cluster in Heteroatom Ga-FAU Zeolite.

The manipulation of silver nanoclusters' luminescence performance in heteroatom zeolite was rarely reported. In this research, the heteroatom Ga-FAU zeolites were synthesized together with the AlFAU zeolite, based on which a series of Ag nanoclusters loaded AlFAUAg and mGaFAUAg zeolites were prepared. The spectroscopy characterization indicated that emission intensity of silver nanoclusters is greatly enhanced in Ga-containing zeolites compared to that in AlFAUAg, and meanwhile, the excitation and emission peak showed redshift and blueshift, respectively, with the introduction and increasing proportion of Ga atoms in mGaFAUAg.

Postnatal Clinical Features and Surgical Strategies of Gastrointestinal Tract Duplications Diagnosed Prenatally.

Background: There are few studies on systematic analysis of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) duplications diagnosed prenatally. This study aimed to investigate the postnatal clinical characteristics and surgical strategies of patients with GIT duplications diagnosed prenatally by analyzing the clinical data before and after delivery.

Methods: A retrospective study was performed on the clinical data of GIT duplications diagnosed prenatally who underwent surgery at our hospital from January 2016 to December 2023.

Berberine in combination with anti-PD-L1 suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma progression and metastasis via Erk signaling pathway.

Background: Berberine (BBR) is an isoquinoline alkaloid extracted from Huang Lian and other herbal medicines. It has been reported to play a crucial role in multiple metabolic diseases and cancers. Programmed cell death-1 (PD-L1) is known as the immune checkpoint; immunotherapy targeting PD1/PD-L1 axis can effectively block its pro-tumor activity.

Enhanced methyl nitrite carbonylation to dimethyl carbonate fully exposed palladium cluster catalysts.

This work reports a fully exposed palladium cluster catalyst that exhibits superior activity and selectivity for methyl nitrite (MN) carbonylation compared to atomically dispersed Pd catalysts and Pd nanoparticles. Mechanistic studies reveal that the distinct geometric structure of the fully exposed palladium cluster enables surface-mediated Langmuir-Hinshelwood reactions, efficiently producing dimethyl carbonate (DMC) while minimizing dimethyl oxalate (DMO) formation. In contrast, atomically dispersed Pd catalysts rely on Eley-Rideal mechanisms, leading to lower activity, while the continuous surface sites of Pd NPs promote DMO formation.

"Self-Capped" Carbon Dots with Excellent Anti-Bacteria Effect and an Extremely Low Cytotoxicity Applied for Hand Sanitizer.

The increasing challenge of antibiotic resistance necessitates the development of novel antibacterial strategies. In this study, a novel kind of self-capped carbon dots is synthesized from methylene blue (MB) and cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC), and named as MC-CDs that are specifically designed for enhanced photodynamic antibacterial activity. Under 660 nm laser irradiation, MC-CDs demonstrate high inactivation rates of Escherichia coli (96.

Targeting intracellular cancer proteins with tumor-microenvironment-responsive bispecific nanobody-PROTACs for enhanced therapeutic efficacy.

Proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) are pivotal in cancer therapy for their ability to degrade specific proteins. However, their non-specificity can lead to systemic toxicity due to protein degradation in normal cells. To address this, we have integrated a nanobody into the PROTACs framework and leveraged the tumor microenvironment to enhance drug specificity.

Pigmented Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Nipple-Areola Complex: A Case Report.

Introduction: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of skin malignancy, accounting for approximately 80% of all non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs). Ultraviolet (UV) exposure is a significant risk factor for BCC development, which typically occurs in sun-exposed areas. BCC arising in non-sun-exposed regions, such as the nipple-areola complex (NAC), is exceedingly rare, with fewer than 100 cases reported globally.

Clinical Characteristics and Treatment of Gastric Duplications in Children.

Background: Gastric duplication (GD) is a rare congenital gastrointestinal malformation, and usually identified in childhood. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment of GDs in children.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of medical records of 38 patients with the diagnosis of GD, treated in the Department of General Surgery, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, within the period from August 2013 to December 2023.

A tunable and reversible thermo-inducible bio-switch for streptomycetes.

Programmable control of bacterial gene expression holds great significance for both applied and academic research. This is particularly true for Streptomyces, a genus of Gram-positive bacteria and major producers of prodigious natural products. Despite that a few inducible regulatory systems have been developed for use in Streptomyces, there is an increasing pursuit to augment the toolkit of high-performance induction systems.

Operando Observation of Electrically Triggered Phase Transition in Thin CuS Crystal.

CuS has been identified as a functional material of memristors with multilevel resistance switching. However, as the migration of Cu ions under the electric field is tangled with defect evolution and phase transition, the electroresistance mechanism of CuS remains largely unclear. Here, the electrically triggered phase transition was studied by transmission electron microscopy.

Manipulation and Theoretical Modeling of the Luminescence Performance of Silver Clusters in LTA Zeolites by Adjusting Extra-framework Cations.

Luminescent silver clusters that are confined inside porous zeolites have attracted great research interest due to the combined advantages of high quantum yield, tunable emission, excellent chemical stability, and desirable adoption ability of this micronano-composite. In this research, a series of Ag-exchanged R-LTA/Ag (R = Li, Na, K) zeolites were synthesized, in which the silver clusters showed blue-shifted excitation in the UV region, red-shifted emission in the visible region, and decreased emission intensity when taking Li, Na, and K as the extra-framework cations, respectively. The [Ag(HO)R-sod] ( = 2, 4; R = Li, Na, K) structures were constructed, and the TD-DFT method was further carried out to study the influence of extra-framework cations on the luminescence performance of [Ag] clusters, in which the substitution of Al for Si and the reasonable hydrate levels were both taken into consideration.

Untargeted qualitative and targeted quantitative analysis of saponins reveal differential chemotypes of Gynostemma pentaphyllum and G. longipes from different geographical origins.

Jiaogulan herbal tea, known for its pharmacological benefits, is derived from various species within the genus Gynostemma, particular for G. pentaphyllum (GP) and G. longipes (GL).

A sensitive red/far-red photoswitch for controllable gene therapy in mouse models of metabolic diseases.

Red light optogenetic systems are in high demand for the precise control of gene expression for gene- and cell-based therapies. Here, we report a red/far-red light-inducible photoswitch (REDLIP) system based on the chimeric photosensory protein FnBphP (Fn-REDLIP) or PnBphP (Pn-REDLIP) and their interaction partner LDB3, which enables efficient dynamic regulation of gene expression with a timescale of seconds without exogenous administration of a chromophore in mammals. We use the REDLIP system to establish the REDLIP-mediated CRISPR-dCas9 (REDLIP) system, enabling optogenetic activation of endogenous target genes in mammalian cells and mice.