V-Induced Low-Spin State Mn Suppresses Jahn-Teller Distortion for High-Performance Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries.

The Jahn-Teller distortion caused by high-spin state Mn (t e ) is a major limiting factor for improving both the specific capacity and cycling stability of MnO cathodes in aqueous zinc-ion batteries. Thus, an intrinsic strategy for optimizing MnO involves the effective elimination of the high-spin state Mn (t e ) during electrochemical process. Herein, we focus on structural design that constructed NHVO-coated MnO (Mn@V) nanorods to achieve the low-spin state of Mn (t e ) and inhibit the Jahn-Teller distortion.

Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy, Smoking Initiation and the Risk of Epilepsy in the UK Biobank.

Objectives: The impact of early-life tobacco smoke exposure on epilepsy remains underexplored. Our study examines the associations between maternal smoking during pregnancy (MSDP), age of smoking initiation (ASI) and epilepsy risk, while investigating the mediating role of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1).

Methods: We analyzed data from 427,285 participants for MSDP and 428,178 for ASI from the UK Biobank (UKB).

Aqueous humor cytokines levels and illuminated microcatheter-assisted circumferential trabeculotomy outcome in open-angle glaucoma patients: a 24-month prospective study.

Purpose: To investigate the influence of aqueous humor cytokines levels on the failure of illuminated microcatheter-assisted circumferential trabeculotomy (MAT) in open-angle glaucoma (OAG) patients.

Methods: This was a prospective case series with a follow-up period of 24 months. General information and ocular examinations were recorded.

Risk factors for error in refractive astigmatism after toric intraocular lens implantation in Chinese patients.

Background: To evaluate the risk factors for postoperative error in refractive astigmatism (ERA) in Chinese patients with cataract and astigmatism undergoing toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.

Methods: Retrospective study. 132 patients who underwent cataract surgery with toric IOL implantation performed by a single surgeon at Peking University Third Hospital Department of Ophthalmology were enrolled.

Smoking and epilepsy in national health interview survey: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the association between smoking and epilepsy in a nationwide cross-sectional analysis of US adults.

Methods: Data from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) conducted between 2021 and 2022 were utilized, encompassing 57,088 participants aged 18-85 years with documented tobacco usage and self-reported epilepsy. Logistic regression models were employed to evaluate the relationship between smoking and epilepsy.

Dietary inflammatory index and Alzheimer's disease mortality in a prospective cohort.

Objective: This study examined the relationship between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) mortality in US adults.

Methods: Data from 45,093 participants in the 1988-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were analyzed, with mortality follow-up through December 2019. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for AD mortality.

Association Between Religious Service Attendance and Depression, Anxiety Among Older Amdo Tibetans.

Objectives: Religious service attendance has previously been associated with greater levels of well-being, as well as milder symptoms of depression and anxiety. However, few studies have explored this association within the Amdo Tibetan population. This study aims to estimate the association between religious service attendance and psychiatric symptoms among older Amdo Tibetans.

Boron-Fluoride Dual-atom Synergistic Regulated Interface Coating Enables Stable Zn-Metal Anodes.

Aqueous zinc-based batteries provide promising opportunities for next-generation rechargeable batteries. Nevertheless, Zn anode encounters severe challenges, such as Zn dendrite formation, surface corrosion, and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Here, we report a strategy to spontaneously construct a boron-fluoride dual-atom regulated SEI (ZnBOF), which involves the formation of a B-compound coating through an etching process followed by an in situ F substitution during the initial electrochemical cycling.

Ethylene Oxide Exposure and Its Association With Serum Neurofilaments Light Chain Levels in the General Population.

Objective: This study explored the association between ethylene oxide exposure, a human carcinogen, and serum neurofilament light (sNfL) levels, a potential biomarker for neurological disorders, using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study, focusing on sNfL levels, ethylene oxide exposure, sociodemographics, and comorbidities. Multiple regressions and restricted cubic spline analyses assessed the relationship between ethylene oxide and ln-transformed sNfL levels, with stratified analyses for subgroups.

Bioinformatic Insights and XGBoost Identify Shared Genetics in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Type 2 Diabetes.

Background: The correlation between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has long been recognized, but their shared molecular underpinnings remain elusive. This study aims to uncover common genetic markers and pathways in COPD and T2DM, providing insights into their molecular crosstalk.

Methods: Utilizing the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, we analyzed gene expression datasets from six COPD and five T2DM studies.

Non-coding RNA as a key regulator and novel target of apoptosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy: Current status and future prospects.

The occurrence of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) can be independent of several risk factors such as hypertension and myocardial ischemia, which can lead to heart failure, thus seriously threatening human health and life. Sustained hyperglycemic stimulation can induce cardiomyocyte apoptosis, which is recognized as the pathological basis of DCM. It has been demonstrated that dysregulation induced by apoptosis is closely associated to progression of DCM, but mechanisms behind it requires further clarification.

Symmetry Breaking of FeN Moiety via Edge Defects for Acidic Oxygen Reduction Reaction.

Fe-N-C catalysts, with a planar D symmetric FeN structure, show promising as noble metal-free oxygen reduction reaction catalysts. Nonetheless, the highly symmetric structure restricts the effective manipulation of its geometric and electronic structures, impeding further enhancements in oxygen reduction reaction performance. Here, a high proportion of asymmetric edge-carbon was successfully introduced into Fe-N-C catalysts through morphology engineering, enabling the precise modulation of the FeN active site.

Longitudinal associations of lipid profiles with sleep disorders in patients with Parkinson's disease.

To examine the associations of apolipoprotein E (APOE) carrier status and lipid profiles with sleep disorders, including excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and probable rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (pRBD), among patients with early Parkinson's disease (PD) over 5-year follow-up periods. The Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative is a multicenter cohort study based on an ongoing and open-ended registry. Data from baseline and 5-year follow-up visits from participants of de novo PD were analyzed.

Out-of-plane coordination of iridium single atoms with organic molecules and cobalt-iron hydroxides to boost oxygen evolution reaction.

Advancements in single-atom-based catalysts are crucial for enhancing oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance while reducing precious metal usage. A comprehensive understanding of underlying mechanisms will expedite this progress further. Here we report Ir single atoms coordinated out-of-plane with dimethylimidazole (MI) on CoFe hydroxide (Ir/(Co,Fe)-OH/MI).

Second-shell modulation on porphyrin-like Pt single atom catalysts for boosting oxygen reduction reaction.

The first coordination shell is considered crucial in determining the performance of single atom catalysts (SACs), but the significance of the second coordination shell has been overlooked. In this study, we developed a post-doping strategy to realize predictable and controlled modulation on the second coordination shell. By incorporating a P atom into the second coordination shell of a porphyrin-like Pt SAC, the charge density at the Fermi level of Pt single atom increases, enhancing its intrinsic activity.

Trends in the prevalence and incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among adults aged ≥50 years in the United States, 2000-2020.

Background: Understanding the trends of the prevalence and incidence rate of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is vital for improving the control and prevention of COPD. We aimed to examine the trends in the prevalence and incidence rate of COPD among adults aged 50 years or older in the United States during 2000-2020.

Methods: Utilizing data from the Health and Retirement Study, we analyzed COPD prevalence across survey waves and calculated COPD incidence rates between consecutive interview waves, stratified by gender and race.

Incidence and prevalence of Alzheimer's disease in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

As China faces demographic shifts and socioeconomic changes, the burden of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and associated cognitive impairments is increasing dramatically, with significant implications for public health and the economy. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to provide a comprehensive assessment of the prevalence and incidence of AD across China. Drawing from an extensive search of international and Chinese databases up to August 27, 2023, including PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, we synthesized data from 105 studies.

Serum Fatty Acid Profiles and Neurofilament Light Chain Levels in the General Population.

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated associations between fatty acids and neurological disorders. However, no studies have examined the relationship between serum fatty acid levels and serum neurofilament light chain (NfL), a biomarker of neurological disorders.

Objectives: This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the intricate relationship between 30 serum fatty acids and serum NfL levels in a nationally representative sample of United States adults, using data from the 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

The longitudinal trajectory of CSF sTREM2: the alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative.

Background: The soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is considered a biomarker of microglia activity. The objective of this study was to investigate the trajectory of CSF sTREM2 levels over time and examine its association with sex.

Methods: A total of 1,017 participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative Study (ADNI) with at least one CSF sTREM2 record were included.

Trends of mortality from epilepsy in the United States, 1979-2021.

Purpose: The analysis of long-term trends of mortality from epilepsy has not been conducted, which is crucial for estimating the future burden of epilepsy. We therefore aimed to investigate the long-term trends of mortality from epilepsy in the United States from 1979 to 2021.

Methods: The cause-of-death and demographic data were from the National Center for Health Statistics (1979-2021) and population estimates were from the US Census Bureau.

Olfactory Dysfunction and Long-Term Trajectories of Sleep Disorders among early Parkinson's Disease: Findings from a Longitudinal Cohort.

Background: Previous studies have suggested a connection between impaired olfactory function and an increased risk of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) in individuals diagnosed with Parkinson's disease (PD). However, there is a gap in knowledge regarding the potential impact of olfactory dysfunction on the long-term patterns of sleep disorders among early PD patients.

Methods: Data from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative program included 589 participants with assessments of sleep disorders using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and RBD Screening Questionnaire (RBDSQ).