Isolation, identification and comparative genomic analysis of from Mongolian horse vagina.

Introduction: Reproductive health in mares is pivotal for the sustainability of the equine industry, yet vaginal microbiota dysbiosis remains an underrecognized contributor to infections such as endometritis and bacterial vaginosis. While spp. dominate healthy vaginal ecosystems in humans and livestock, their role in equine reproductive health, particularly in resilient breeds like Mongolian mares, is poorly understood.

Glymphatic activity in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia: Link with vascular function and astrocytic activation.

Introduction: Glymphatic activity, vascular function, and astrocytic activation play pivotal roles in the pathophysiology of frontotemporal dementia (FTD). However, their interrelationships and combined impact on clinical features remain unclear.

Methods: Glymphatic activity was measured by diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) in patients with behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD, n = 61) and normal controls (NC, n = 61).

Analyses of NOTCH3 variants in Chinese patients with clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia.

Background: A pathogenic variant in the NOTCH3 gene has been identified as the cause of cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL). Studies focusing on variants in NOTCH3 in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) cohorts have been limited. We aim to screen clinically diagnosed AD and FTD patients with unknown etiology for pathogenic variants in NOTCH3 in the Chinese population.

Primary determinants of water yield services in arid NW China: An empirical analysis of Gansu Province.

Water yield services (WYs) play a crucial role in the hydrological cycle and water resource allocation in terrestrial ecosystems. Therefore, modeling their dynamic variation characteristics and driving mechanisms is of extensive practical significance in guiding ecological management practices in arid and semi-arid regions. Gansu Province is located in the heart of northern China.

SIRT4-Mediated Deacetylation of PRDX3 Attenuates Liver Ischemia Reperfusion Injury by Suppressing Ferroptosis.

Liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI) is an important cause of the clinical prognosis of liver transplantation. Despite Sirtuin 4 (SIRT4) is involved in various post-translational modifications, its role in LIRI is unclear. This research aimed to investigate the influence of SIRT4 on the pathogenesis of LIRI.

Interaction of metabolic and inflammatory dysregulation on central degeneration and cognitive function in behavioral variant Frontotemporal dementia.

Background: Metabolic and inflammation dysregulation are important mechanisms in neurodegenerative diseases, but their study in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is very scarce; we aimed to investigate the separate and interactive effects of metabolic and inflammatory dysregulation on central degeneration and cognitive function in patients with bvFTD.

Methods: This study recruited participants with bvFTD and healthy controls (HC) from December 15, 2017, to September 5, 2024, in the Department of Neurology of Xuanwu Hospital, underwent assessment of plasma targeted metabolite, plasma inflammatory factors, 18F-fludeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging, and neuropsychological assessments. Linear regression models and interaction models were implemented using age, sex and education level as covariates to explore the association between differential metabolites and peripheral inflammatory markers with neuroimaging, and clinical measures.

Comprehensive Integrated Analyses of Proteins and Metabolites in Equine Seminal Plasma (Horses and Donkeys).

Background: The reproductive ability of equine species is a critical component of equine breeding programs, with sperm quality serving as a primary determinant of reproductive success. In this study, we perform an integrative analysis of proteomics and metabolomics in seminal plasma to identify proteins and metabolites associated with sperm quality and reproductive ability in equine species.

Methods: We utilized the CEROS instrument to assess the morphology and motility of sperm samples from three horses and three donkeys.

JA-responsive R2R3-type MYB transcription factor OsMYB4P confers broad-spectrum antiviral immunity in rice.

Jasmonic acid (JA) plays a critical role in antiviral defence in rice, where viral infection activates JA signalling by degrading Jasmonate ZIM domain (JAZ) proteins, thereby releasing transcription factors (TFs) to drive JA-mediated defence gene expression. While the JA-responsive TF OsMYC2 has been extensively studied in rice, the involvement of MYB TFs in JA signalling remains largely unexplored. In this study, we identified a novel JA-responsive R2R3-type MYB TF OsMYB4P.

Evaluation and comparison of large language models' responses to questions related optic neuritis.

Objectives: Large language models (LLMs) show promise as clinical consultation tools and may assist optic neuritis patients, though research on their performance in this area is limited. Our study aims to assess and compare the performance of four commonly used LLM-Chatbots-Claude-2, ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4.

Total glucosides of paeony ameliorates lupus nephritis by suppressing ZBP1-mediated PANoptosis in podocytes.

Background: Lupus nephritis (LN), a severe complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), lacks effective therapies because of its complex pathogenesis. PANoptosis, an integrated cell death pathway that combines apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis, has been implicated in inflammatory diseases; however, its role in LN and potential as a therapeutic target remain unexplored. Total glucosides of paeony (TGP), a traditional Chinese medicine derived from Paeonia lactiflora Pall, has shown promise in LN treatment due to its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties.

Comparative Analysis of Proteomic Characteristics in Seminal Plasma Between Horses and Donkeys.

Horses and donkeys, as integral members of the equine family, exhibit distinct reproductive capabilities and characteristics. Seminal plasma, the fluid component of semen, contains a variety of proteins that play critical roles in sperm function and fertility. This study aimed to systematically compare the protein profiles in the seminal plasma of horses and donkeys, thereby elucidating the molecular differences between these two species.

Regional patterns of genetic variants in expanded carrier screening: a next-generation sequencing pilot study in Fujian Province, China.

Background: This pilot study aimed to characterize the regional distribution of genetic variants associated with autosomal recessive and X-linked recessive (AR/XLR) conditions in Fujian Province, Southeast China, to inform the development of targeted carrier screening programs.

Methods: An expanded carrier screening (ECS) panel utilizing next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology was designed to analyze 332 genes associated with 343 AR/XLR conditions. The panel was applied to 440 samples obtained from individuals in Fujian Province.

The OsbHLH166-OsABCB4 module regulates grain length and weight via altering auxin efflux.

Grain size is one of the key factors determining grain weight and yield. However, it remains largely unknown how the auxin signal regulates grain size in rice. Here, a quantitative trait locus qGL1 for grain length was identified with recombinant inbred lines 9311 and Nipponbare (NIP), and fine-mapped to the OsABCB4 gene, which encodes a member of the ATP Binding Cassette B (ABCB) subfamily.

Incidental finding of a exons 48-55 deletion during prenatal diagnosis.

Background: genetic variants cause a spectrum of phenotypes, from severe progressive proximal muscle weakness and degeneration leading to wheelchair dependence and death from cardiac and/or respiratory failure to very mild muscular phenotypes; very rarely, cases are completely asymptomatic. Few cases have been reported in males carrying deletions who are asymptomatic.

Methods: Family clinical information was collected from the patients.

Discovery of New Pyrazolone Carbothioamide Derivatives as Potent Antifungal Agents for the Treatment of Candidiasis and Cryptococcosis.

The morbidity and mortality of invasive fungal infections are increasing rapidly. Developing effective and safe antifungal drugs with novel chemical scaffolds and mechanisms is urgently needed. On the basis of our previously identified Pdr1-KIX inhibitor , a series of new pyrazolone-carbothioamide derivatives were designed and assayed.

Template-Catalyzed Mass Production of Size-Tunable h-BN Nanosheet Powders.

Bulk availability of 2D material powders presents broad opportunities for various industrial applications. Particle size and morphology control are critical factors that govern their properties, and in particular, large-scale size-controlled production of 2D materials nanosheets remains extremely challenging. Herein, a novel 3D template-catalyzed growth (3D-TCG) method is demonstrated that allows the mass production of size-tunable 2D hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanosheet powders, a key material in the 2D materials family.

Assessments of lung nodules by an artificial intelligence chatbot using longitudinal CT images.

Large language models have shown efficacy across multiple medical tasks. However, their value in the assessment of longitudinal follow-up computed tomography (CT) images of patients with lung nodules is unclear. In this study, we evaluate the ability of the latest generative pre-trained transformer (GPT)-4o model to assess changes in malignancy probability, size, and features of lung nodules on longitudinal CT scans from 647 patients (547 from two local centers and 100 from a public dataset).

Changes of maternal carotid artery elasticity in patients with pregnancy concurred with hypertension.

Background: Echo-tracking (ET) technology can visually determine whether vascular endothelial function is impaired. However, it remains uncertain whether routine ET testing for pregnant women could effectively diagnose pregnancy concurrent with hypertension (PCH) based on changes in vascular elasticity.

Methods: An ET ultrasound system was employed to assess the elasticity of the carotid artery.

Advances of research in diabetic cardiomyopathy: diagnosis and the emerging application of sequencing.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the most prevalent and severe complications associated with diabetes mellitus (DM). The onset of DCM is insidious, with the symptoms being obvious only in the late stage. Consequently, the early diagnosis of DCM is a formidable challenge which significantly influences the treatment and prognosis of DCM.

Congenital muscular dystrophies and myopathies: the leading cause of genetic muscular disorders in eleven Chinese families.

Background: Congenital muscular dystrophies (CMDs) and myopathies (CMYOs) are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of neuromuscular disorders that share common features, such as muscle weakness, hypotonia, characteristic changes on muscle biopsy and motor retardation. In this study, we recruited eleven families with early-onset neuromuscular disorders in China, aimed to clarify the underlying genetic etiology.

Methods: Essential clinical tests, such as biomedical examination, electromyography and muscle biopsy, were applied to evaluate patient phenotypes.

Depression Severity Mediates the Relationships Between Parenting Styles, Peer-Victimization and Mobile Phone Dependence in Adolescents.

Purpose: Negative parenting styles, peer victimization, and mobile phone dependence (MPD) are prevalent public health problems among adolescents. Parenting styles and peer victimization were reported to affect MPD, but their interaction and the mechanism underlying this association still need to be explored. This study aimed to examine how these factors affect MPD in adolescents with depression.

Astrocytic Gap Junctions protein Cx43/Cx30 modulate EAAT1 and glutamate to mediate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.

The gap connexins of astrocytes play a crucial role in facilitating neuronal coordination and maintaining the homeostasis of the central nervous system. Cx30/Cx43 are the main proteins constituting these gap junctions, and the glutamate transporter EAAT1 associates with nerve injury. However, the role and mechanism underlying the changes of astrocytic connexins and EAAT1 during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury remain unclear.

Unraveling the color evolution and metabolic pathways of pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside during lactic acid fermentation of the strawberry juice color simulation system: A novel perspective through untargeted metabolomics.

This study aimed to unraveling the color evolution and metabolic pathways of pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside (P3G) during lactic acid fermentation of the strawberry juice color simulation system. The results revealed that fermentation with both Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus acidophilus caused a decline in pH of the strawberry juice color simulation system and significantly accelerated the decrease in P3G content. The CIELAB space model pointed out that parameters a and b of the group treated with both lactic acid bacteria and P3G initially increased to a peak level and then gradually decreased, shifting the overall color towards orange and then gradually fading.

Changes in serum uric acid, glutathione, and amyloid-β1-42 levels in Parkinson's disease patients and their association with disease progression and cognitive decline.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic significance of serum uric acid (UA), glutathione (GSH), and amyloid-β1-42 (Aβ1-42) levels in relation to disease progression and cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods: A total of 209 PD patients with disease duration ranging from 4.0 to 6.