Mechanistic Elucidation and Establishment of Drying Kinetic Models of Differential Metabolite Regulation in During Natural Sun Drying: An Integrated Physiology, Untargeted Metabolomics, and Enzymology Study.

Rhubarb, a medicinal herb in Gansu Province, China, undergoes significant quality changes during sun-drying. This study investigated color changes, drying kinetics, anthraquinone (AQ) content, metabolic profiles, and enzyme activity during the process. Results showed that drying induced enzymatic browning, with the browning index (BI) progressively increasing over extended drying periods (4-16 h) and with greater slice thickness (2-8 mm).

Identification and quantification of human serum albumin from different sources by a fluorescence sensor array.

Recombinant and wild-type human serum albumin are accurately distinguished by a rationally designed fluorescent sensor array.

Aloe-emodin from rhubarb suppresses islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) aggregation and expression: Therapeutic implications for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) aggregation contributes significantly to β-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study investigated whether bioactive compounds derived from rhubarb, particularly aloe-emodin, can serve as effective inhibitors of IAPP aggregation, thereby offering therapeutic the prevention and treatment of T2DM. Recombinant IAPP (optimally expressed in E.

ADRB2 is regulated by TRIM22 and facilitates lung adenocarcinoma progression via JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common pathological subtype of lung cancer. Adrenergic signal has always been considered as an important link with the occurrence and development of cancer. Considerable evidence suggests that β-2 adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) shows an important role in regulating many types of human cancer.

Establishing a Novel Heterologous Secretion Expression System Mediated by mScarlet3 for the Expression of a Novel Lipolytic Enzyme.

Our previous study demonstrated that an heterologous secretion expression system, mediated by superfolder green fluorescent protein (sfGFP) mutants, significantly enhances recombinant lipase yield and reduces large-scale production costs. In this study, we identified mScarlet3, a fast-folding fluorescent protein, as another effective mediator of secretion expression in . A novel lipolytic enzyme, named LipHu6, was identified through sequence alignment.

A fc-engineered NKG2D × B7-H3 bispecific antibody enhances the antitumor activity by orchestrating cytotoxic lymphocytes.

B7-H3, an immune-checkpoint molecule that is overexpressed in several cancer types, has been identified as a promising immunotherapy target. However, most immunotherapy approaches against B7-H3 tumor cells focus on manipulating the T cells. Natural killer (NK) cells, another important part of the cellular immune system, also exhibit anti-tumor properties and play complementary roles in tumor eradication with T cells.

Effect of Dietary Energy Levels on the Reproductive Performance in Breeding Pigeons, and Growth Performance and Intestinal Health in Squabs.

The present study evaluated the effect of different dietary energy levels on reproductive performance in breeding pigeons, as well as growth performance and intestinal health in squabs. In total, 180 pairs of 12-month-old White King breeding pigeons were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments, each with six replicates of six pairs of birds, and fed diets containing 11.60, 11.

Structural Characterization and Bioactivity Analysis of Ultrasound-Assisted Polysaccharides From Codonopsis pilosula: Insights Into Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Potentials.

Codonopsis pilosula is a genuine medicinal material and edible plant. However, the structure and activity of its polysaccharides have been infrequently studied. In this study, crude polysaccharides were extracted using ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), six distinct polysaccharides (UA-Cpps) were obtained from the crude polysaccharides by separation with a DEAE-cellulose column and purification using an S-100 chromatography column.

Alcohol Activation by Benzodithiolylium for Deoxygenative Alkylation Driven by Photocatalytic Energy Transfer.

The 1,3-benzodithiolylium (BDT) cation was identified as an efficient hydroxyl-activating reagent for the photocatalytic deoxygenative radical functionalization of alcohols in the absence of any electron transfer process. A series of unprecedented photocatalytic energy transfer (EnT)-driven deoxygenative radical coupling reactions of alcohols with bifunctional oxime carbonates have been developed based on the activation by BDT. Nickel-catalyzed radical sorting followed by C(sp)─C(sp) bond construction facilitates the heteroselective cross-coupling of two distinct alkyl radicals originating from parallel radical relays.

Avermectin induces photoreceptor functional impairment and color vision deficits in zebrafish (Danio rerio).

The effects of avermectin on the visual function of nontarget organisms, particularly aquatic organisms, require further evaluation. Avermectin can come into direct contact with the eyes of nontarget organisms through air or water. However, few studies have investigated the safety of avermectin in the eyes of nontarget organisms.

Potential function of plant-growth-promoting endophytic Serratia fonticola CPSE11 from Codonopsis pilosula in phytoremediation of Cadmium ion (Cd).

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have potential application value in reducing metal accumulation in medicinal plants. The objective of this study was to isolate, characterize and evaluate the effects of endophyte on the growth and metal resistance of Codonopsis pilosula under Cadmium ion (Cd) stress. Five endophytic strains were isolated from the root of C.

Nutritional profiling of breast muscle: A comparative study between Yuzhong pigeons and European meat pigeons.

This study compares the nutritional profiles of Yuzhong and European meat pigeons to inform breeding and consumer choices. Thirty 28-day-old pigeons were analyzed for protein, fat, moisture, amino acids, fatty acids, and trace elements in breast muscle samples. No significant differences were found in protein, fat, moisture, or essential amino acid levels between breeds.

A two-sample mendelian randomization study of non-tuberculous mycobacteria infection and lung cancer.

Background: Non-tuberculous mycobacterial lung disease may coexist or precede lung cancer, yet a causal link remains unproven. This study aimed to elucidate the causal association between non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) and lung cancer.

Methods: Summary data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for NTM, atypical mycobacterial lung infections, and various types of lung cancer were utilized.

Effects of Flurochloridone on the Developmental Toxicity in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Embryo.

Flurochloridone (FLC) is a selective herbicide that can cause reproductive toxicity in male rats. However, limited information is available regarding the toxicity of FLC in the developmental stages of aquatic organisms. This study aimed to investigate the effects of FLC exposure during embryonic development and elucidate its potential mechanism of action.

EYA3 promotes the tumorigenesis of gastric cancer through activation of the mTORC1 signaling pathway and inhibition of autophagy.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, with a high rate of postoperative recurrence and poor long-term survival. The Eyes Absent (EYA) protein family plays a significant role in cancer progression, with EYA3 being implicated in promoting GC cell proliferation and tumor growth. Utilizing the DepMap database, we identified EYA3 as a gene of interest in GC.

Modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes loaded with MiRNA ameliorates non-small cell lung cancer.

The study aimed to reveal the function of LXY30 peptide-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (LXY30-Exos) in NSCLC. LXY30 peptide is a peptide ligand targeting α3β1 integrin, and LXY30 specifically binds to Exos derived from different cells. We use transmission electron microscopy to identify LXY30-Exos and tracking analysis for particles, and the LXY30-Exos internalized by NSCLC cells in vitro and targeted NSCLC tumours in vivo were verified by multiple molecular technologies.

Unraveling the molecular landscape of breast muscle development in domestic Yuzhong pigeons and European meat pigeon: Insights from Iso-seq and RNA-seq analysis.

The mechanisms governing gene regulation in domestic Yuzhong pigeon breast muscle development remain largely elusive. Here, we conducted a comparative analysis using Iso-seq and RNA-seq data from domestic Yuzhong pigeons and European meat pigeons to uncover signaling pathways and genes involved in breast muscle development. The Iso-seq data from domestic Yuzhong pigeons yielded 131,377,075 subreads, resulting in 16,587 non-redundant high-quality full-length transcripts post-correction.

Nicotinamide improves the impaired extravillous trophoblast cell invasion induced by PM exposure-associated increase of TNFα secretion through the ROS/NF-κB/FLT1 pathway.

It has been well acknowledged that maternal exposure to fine particulate matters (PM) might lead to poor pregnancy outcomes including the intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) by interfering with the placental development. Our previous studies have demonstrated that maternal PM exposure induces IUGR, accompanied with increased maternal circulating TNFα level and impaired extravillous trophoblast cells (EVTs) invasion in mice. In this study, HTR8/SVneo cells, the immortalized human EVTs line, were used to assess effects and the underlying molecular mechanisms of nicotinamide on the impaired EVTs invasion.

Heterologous expression of BACE1 and its interaction with Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharides and Lobetyolin.

BACE1, a crucial enzyme in the amyloid-β deposition theory of Alzheimer's disease (AD), is targeted by Codonopsis pilosula, a traditional tonic believed to impede AD onset. However, the specific active compounds responsible for its effects remain elusive. Our prior network pharmacology research identified C.

Intestinal health of squab pigeons responded to parental dietary protein levels during breeding period.

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of dietary crude protein (CP) levels on intestinal antioxidant status, tight junction proteins expression, and amino acids transporters levels in squabs. A total of 180 pairs of White King parent pigeons approximately 10 mo old were randomly assigned to 5 groups with 6 replications of 6 pairs of parental pigeons each, and were fed with 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18% CP diets for 46 d, respectively. Dietary increasing CP levels increased final body weight (linear and quadratic, P < 0.

A Whole-Process Visible Strategy for the Preparation of Rhizomucor miehei Lipase with Escherichia coli Secretion Expression System and the Immobilization.

Background: Rhizomucor miehei (RM) lipase is a regioselective lipase widely used in food, pharmaceutical and biofuel industries. However, the high cost and low purity of the commercial RM lipase limit its industrial applications. Therefore, it is necessary to develop cost-effective strategies for large-scale preparation of this lipase.

Diesel exhaust particulate matter induces GC-1 spg cells oxidative stress by KEAP1-NRF2 pathway and inhibition of ATP5α1 S-sulfhydration.

Diesel exhaust particle (DEP) exposure induces a variety of toxicological effects through oxidative stress and inflammation responses. This research investigated the mechanisms underlying DEP-induced GC-1spg cells oxidative stress by examining ROS accumulation, antioxidant defense systems activation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the Nrf2/Keap1/HO-1 pathway response. Subsequently, we further evaluated the ATP levels, ATP5α synthase activity and ATP5α synthase S-sulfhydrated modification in DEP-exposed GC-1 spg cells.

Degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminants by Rhodococcus erythropolis KB1 synergistic with alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.).

Petroleum hydrocarbons are a stubborn pollutant that is difficult to degrade globally, and plant-microbial degradation is the main way to solve this type of pollutant. In this study, the physiological and ecological responses of alfalfa to petroleum hydrocarbons in different concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil with KB1 (Rhodococcus erythropolis) were analyzed and determined by laboratory potting techniques. The growth of alfalfa (CK) and alfalfa with KB1 (JZ) in different concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons contaminated soil was compared and analyzed.

Whole-Genome Sequencing for Identifying Candidate Genes Related to the Special Phenotypes of the Taihu Dianzi Pigeon.

The Taihu Dianzi pigeon is a breed native to China, and its special piebalding, crest, and polydactyly phenotypes are the result of artificial and natural selection. Here, we analyzed the genetic differences among three kinds of pigeons with different phenotypes at the genomic level. A selective sweep was conducted based on the fixation index () and nucleotide diversity () ratio, and the results revealed that was related to the formation of the distinctive piebalding of the Taihu Dianzi pigeon.