A water solubility prediction algorithm based on the StackBoost model.

Aqueous solubility, an essential physical property of compounds, has significant applications across various fields. However, verifying the solubility of compounds through experimental methods often requires substantial human and material resources. To address this issue, this study introduces the StackBoost model for predicting the solubility of organic compounds and systematically compares it with five well-known ensemble learning algorithms: Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost), Gradient Boosted Regression Trees (GBRT), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGBM), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and Random Forest (RF).

Chinese expert consensus on hematologic malignancy karyotyping.

Chromosomal karyotype analysis is crucial for diagnosing and managing hematologic malignancies, yet inconsistent protocols compromise reliability. To standardize practices, this consensus integrates international guidelines (WHO, ICC, ELN) with clinical expertise, providing evidence-based recommendations for specimen collection, cell culture, chromosome harvesting, banding techniques, karyotype analysis, and reporting. By establishing uniform operational standards, this initiative seeks to mitigate variability, improve detection rates, and support precision medicine in hematologic malignancies.

Dexmedetomidine suppresses microglial activation in postoperative cognitive dysfunction via the mmu-miRNA-125/TRAF6 signaling axis.

Background: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is driven in part by microglial activation and the resulting neuroinflammatory response. Emerging evidence suggests that microRNAs regulate key inflammatory pathways in the central nervous system. In this study, we examined the role of the mmu‑miR‑125a/TRAF6 signaling axis in microglial activation under inflammatory conditions induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and surgical trauma and evaluated whether dexmedetomidine (DEX) modulates this pathway to alleviate POCD.

Visomitin Attenuates Pathological Bone Loss by Reprogramming Osteoclast Metabolism via the STAT3/LDHB Axis.

A persistently substantial energy demand and metabolic reprogramming endure throughout the entire course of osteoclastogenesis, accompanied by an intensified oxidative stress. Hence, balancing cellular energy metabolism and maintaining redox homeostasis offer potential for coordinating osteoclastogenesis and bone loss in pathological conditions. In the present study, we have discovered Visomitin, a novel antioxidant that specifically targets mitochondria, which efficiently decreases intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, inhibits osteoclastogenesis, and impairs the function of bone resorption.

The Role and Phagocytic Mechanisms of Alveolar Macrophages in Inflammatory Responses Induced by Diesel Exhaust Particles.

Alveolar macrophages, the most abundant innate immune cells in the distal lung parenchyma, are not only essential for maintaining pulmonary homeostasis but also orchestrate pulmonary and thus systemic responses to ambient particulate matter. However, their specific role in the development of adverse health effects related to ambient fine particulate matter (PM) exposure remains insufficiently understood. In this study, we used both mouse models and cultured cells to document their role in the development of pulmonary inflammation due to exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEP), the main component of urban PM.

Application of Ruthenium and Palladium Supported on Copper Materials in Selective Synthesis of N-Benzylanilinyl-Benzoimidazole and Benzoimidazoquinazoline Derivatives.

A novel nitrogen-containing carboxylic acid ligand was meticulously designed and synthesized. This ligand was subsequently employed to fabricate copper-based materials via a hydrothermal synthesis approach. Palladium and ruthenium nanoparticles were then immobilized onto the materials matrices to generate heterogeneous catalysts with targeted catalytic functionalities.

Non-end-to-end adaptive graph learning for multi-scale temporal traffic flow prediction.

Accurate traffic flow prediction is vital for intelligent transportation systems but presents significant challenges. Existing methods, however, have the following limitations: (1) insufficient exploration of interactions across different temporal scales, which restricts effective future flow prediction; (2) reliance on predefined graph structures in graph neural networks, making it challenging to accurately model the spatial relationships in complex road networks; and (3) end-to-end training, which often results in unclear optimization directions for model parameters, thereby limiting improvements in predictive performance. To address these issues, this paper proposes a non-end-to-end adaptive graph learning algorithm capable of effectively capturing complex dependencies.

Mechanistic insights into ozone-induced asthma exacerbation: role of oxidative stress and IL-33.

Short-term exposure to ozone is linked to the onset and exacerbation of asthma, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to elucidate the molecular pathways and key mediators involved in ozone-induced asthma exacerbation. In a longitudinal epidemiological study, each 10 µg/m³ increase in ozone is associated with decreases in forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV), and peak expiratory flow (PEF) of 26.

Single-cell transcriptomics and machine learning unveil ferroptosis features in tumor-associated macrophages: Prognostic model and therapeutic strategies for lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a major cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a crucial role in the tumor microenvironment (TME), influencing tumor progression and immune response. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death, has been implicated in tumor biology, but its role within TAMs in LUAD remains unclear.

extract alleviates obesity via modulating the gut microbiota and serum metabolome disorder.

Obesity is increasingly becoming a challenge with China's economic development. There is an urgent need to identify more affordable methods to combat this condition. (PS), a cost-effective herbal remedy widely used in China for treating inflammation and pain, shows potential in this regard.

Research on Peripheral Nerve Aging and Degeneration: Cellular Changes and Mechanism Exploration From the Perspective of Single-Cell Sequencing.

As age increases, there are structural and functional alterations in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), significantly affecting movement, sensation and autonomic function. Understanding the characteristics and mechanisms of PNS aging is crucial for preventing and treating related diseases. This study employed single-cell sequencing technology to analyse the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and sciatic nerve (SN) of aging rats, in comparison with adult rats.

Bioinspired single-atom nanozymes for microplastic degradation.

Copper single-atom-loaded graphitic nitride nanozymes (Cu SAs) were constructed by bioinspired rational design from natural laccase and density functional theory calculations. Theoretical investigation revealed the geometrical and electronic structural advantages of the Cu-N active center. Experimental tests confirmed the excellent performance in microplastic degradation, with more than 90% mineralized into non-toxic products, providing a new strategy for microplastic pollution management.

Electroacupuncture alleviates diesel exhaust particles-induced inflammatory response in lung through dopamine inhibition of NLRP3 signaling pathway.

Fine particulate matter (PM) remains a major environmental problem both in China and worldwide. Extensive researches have indicated that PM exposure can lead to various adverse health effects through pulmonary and systemic inflammation, making it crucial to explore effective individual intervention strategies. Electroacupuncture, an ancient Chinese medical treatment, has been proven safe and effective for treating some diseases, however, its potential in preventing PM-induced toxicity remains unclear.

YOLOv8 and point cloud fusion for enhanced road pothole detection and quantification.

Automatic detection of potholes is essential for effective road maintenance and is fundamental to enhancing environmental perception for intelligent transportation systems. Reducing false positives is essential for optimizing detection accuracy in this research domain. This paper introduces a novel method for detecting irregular potholes on road surfaces by integrating depth camera images with point cloud data.

CD4 anti-TGF-β CAR T cells and CD8 conventional CAR T cells exhibit synergistic antitumor effects.

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 restricts the expansion, survival, and function of CD4 T cells. Here, we demonstrate that CD4 but not CD8 anti-TGF-β CAR T cells (T28zT2 T cells) can suppress tumor growth partly through secreting Granzyme B and interferon (IFN)-γ. TGF-β1-treated CD4 T28zT2 T cells persist well in peripheral blood and tumors, maintain their mitochondrial form and function, and do not cause in vivo toxicity.

Pharmacological regulators of Hippo pathway: Advances and challenges of drug development.

The Hippo signaling pathway is crucial in regulating organ size, tumor progression, tissue regeneration, and bone homeostasis. Inactivation of the Hippo pathway results in the nuclear translocation and activation of YAP/TAZ. This activation not only promotes tumor progression but also enhances tissue regeneration, wound healing, and maintenance of bone stability Although its discovery occurred over two decades ago, developing effective inhibitors or activators for the Hippo pathway remains challenging.

Palladium-Catalyzed and Photoinduced Site-Selective Alkynylation and Oxidation of the Remote C(sp)-H.

A general and efficient method for the direct alkynylation and oxidation of remote C(sp)-H bonds under photoirradiation is described. In this reaction, the Pd catalyst acts as both a photocatalyst to generate the nitrogen radical and a cross-coupling catalyst with a terminal alkyne. Attractive features of this system include good functional group tolerance, scalability, convenient reagents, and an operating system.

Percutaneous pedicle screw fixation in the surgical treatment of monosegmental pyogenic spondylodiscitis.

Objective: The study assessed the efficacy of percutaneous pedicle screw fixation (PPSF) as a treatment approach for monosegmental pyogenic spondylodiscitis (PS), particularly in patients with compromised health conditions that reduce their ability to endure extensive surgical procedures.

Methods: From January 2019 and December 2021, a total of 38 patients with PS who underwent PPSF at our hospital were included in the study. Clinical outcomes were assessed using physical examinations, serological tests, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores, and imaging assessments.

Free fatty acid receptor-4 regulates T-cell-mediated allogeneic reaction through activating an aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathway.

Targeting T-cell is a strategy to control allogeneic response disorders, such as acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) which is an important cause of therapy-failure after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplants. Free fatty acid receptor-4 (FFAR4) is a regulator of obesity but its role in T-cell and allogeneic reactions is unknown. Here, we found knockout of in donor T-cells in a mouse allograft model increased acute GVHD whereas the natural FFAR4 ligands and the synthetic FFAR4 agonists decreased it.

Coupling of an Au@AgPt nanozyme array with an micrococcal nuclease-specific responsiveness strategy for colorimetric/SERS sensing of in patients with sepsis.

Rapid and ultrasensitive detection of pathogen-associated biomarkers is vital for the early diagnosis and therapy of bacterial infections. Herein, we developed a close-packed and ordered Au@AgPt array coupled with a cascade triggering strategy for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and colorimetric identification of the biomarker micrococcal nuclease (MNase) in serum samples. The trimetallic Au@AgPt nanozymes can catalyze the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) molecules to SERS-enhanced oxidized TMB (oxTMB), accompanied by the color change from colorless to blue.

Comparison of endoscopic surgical approaches for total thyroidectomy: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Background: Different approaches to endoscopic total thyroidectomy are emerging for the treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer, raising clinical concerns about comprehensively evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of these approaches. In this study, we aimed to conduct a network meta-analysis to compare different endoscopic surgical approaches to total thyroidectomy, revealing their respective advantages and limitations.

Methods: PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases were searched from their inception until March 2024.

Impacts of Temperature and Surfactant on Wettability in Mineral-Oil-Water Systems.

Mineral wettability is a crucial factor that determines the distribution of oil and water at the pore scale and, thus, influences oil reserves and recovery efficiency at the reservoir scale. Adding surfactants is one of the most common methods used to modify mineral wettability. However, previous studies on modifying mineral wettability via surfactants were mainly performed under room-temperature conditions, which do not represent the high-temperature reservoir conditions.

Role of YAP/TAZ in bone diseases: A transductor from mechanics to biology.

Wolff's Law and the Mechanostat Theory elucidate how bone tissues detect and convert mechanical stimuli into biological signals, crucial for maintaining bone equilibrium. Abnormal mechanics can lead to diseases such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and nonunion fractures. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms by which mechanical cues are transformed into biological responses in bone remain underexplored.

Mendelian randomization studies of risk and protective factors for osteoporosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Mendelian randomization is believed to attenuate the biases inherent in observational studies, yet a meta-analysis of Mendelian randomization studies in osteoporosis has not been conducted thus far. This study aims to evaluate the connection between potential causal factors and the risk of osteoporosis by synthesizing evidence from Mendelian randomization studies.

Methods: The databases PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were systematically searched for Mendelian randomization studies investigating factors influencing osteoporosis up to May 2024.