The genetic diversity and populational specificity of the human gut virome at single-nucleotide resolution.

Background: Large-scale characterization of gut viral genomes provides strain-resolved insights into host-microbe interactions. However, existing viral genomes are mainly derived from Western populations, limiting our understanding of global gut viral diversity and functional variations necessary for personalized medicine and addressing regional health disparities.

Results: Here, we introduce the Chinese Gut Viral Reference (CGVR) set, consisting of 120,568 viral genomes from 3234 deeply sequenced fecal samples collected nationwide, covering 72,751 viral operational taxonomic units (vOTUs), nearly 90% of which are likely absent from current databases.

Precisely tailoring Lewis pairs in polyoxotitanium clusters for efficient photocatalytic production of hydrogen peroxide.

Hydrogen peroxide (HO) is a vital chemical with promising potential as an energy carrier. Photocatalytic HO production has emerged as a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach. However, current photocatalysts often exhibit low catalytic efficiency and limited tunability of their electronic structures.

Combined effects of acidification and warming on soil denitrification and microbial community.

In light of the challenges posed by contemporary global warming and soil acidification, the respective effects of pH and temperature on soil microbiome and functions have been explored. However, the combined influence of acidification and warming on soil denitrification and active microbial communities are still unclear. Here, we conducted a microcosm experiment to investigate the influences of increasing temperature and acidification on active microbes such as bacteria and eukaryotic microbes.

Impact of Microstructural Units Configuration and Arrangement on Phase-Matching in Nonlinear Optical KGaSe Crystals.

Achieving phase-matching (PM) behavior, which is typically derived from sufficient birefringence (Δ), is crucial for maximizing the nonlinear optics (NLO) laser power output. Δ is largely attributed to the configuration and arrangement of microstructural units, and phase transitions will significantly alter the stacking method of structural units. In this study, we successfully synthesized two diamond-like isomers of α-KGaSe (2, ) and β-KGaSe (1, ), which consist of open-honeycomb-like anionic frameworks interspersed with embedded K cations.

Experimental evidence for viral impact on microbial community, nitrification, and denitrification in an agriculture soil.

Viruses are ubiquitous, and their potential impacts on biogeochemical cycles in soil have largely been inferred from correlation evidence and virome studies. Manure has been demonstrated to affect nitrogen cycle by altering soil nutrients and microbial communities. However, the direct impacts of viruses derived from manure on microbial community, nitrification, and denitrification remained exclusive.

Spatio-temporal evolution and obstacle diagnosis of human settlements based on the "production-living-ecological" functions.

Sustainable development is a hot topic of global concern and sustainable human settlements (HS) are crucial to people's happiness. Thus, strengthening the construction of HS will help enrich human settlements geography with theories of HS interactions, clarify the existing problems of the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration (CC), promote the harmonization of the human-land relationship, and realize the SDGs. The results were as follows.

[Effects of Altitude on Airborne Bacteria and Potential Pathogenic Bacteria： A Case of Shigatse of Xizang].

Airborne microbes are affected by natural environmental factors and have become a global issue due to their potential threat to human health. To explore the effects of altitude on the communities of microbes and potential pathogenic bacteria, we sampled airborne microbes and soils at sites with different altitudes in Shigatse of Xizang. The results showed a significant difference in bacterial communities between air and soil and a decrease in the contribution of soil to airborne bacteria from the sites with a lower altitude to the sites with a higher altitude.

Distinct responses of airborne abundant and rare microbial communities to atmospheric changes associated with Chinese New Year.

Airborne microorganisms, including pathogens, would change with surrounding environments and become issues of global concern due to their threats to human health. Microbial communities typically contain a few abundant but many rare species. However, how the airborne abundant and rare microbial communities respond to environmental changes is still unclear, especially at hour scale.

Activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress by harmine suppresses the growth of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

The worldwide overall 5-year survival rate of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients is less than 20%, and novel therapeutic strategies for these patients are urgently needed. Harmine is a natural β-carboline alkaloid, which received great interest in cancer research because of its biological and anti-tumor activities. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of harmine on ESCC and its mechanism.

Information and Communication Technology Based Integrated Care for Older Adults: A Scoping Review.

Background: Integrated care is an important initiative to respond positively to the ageing of society and information and communication technology(ICT) plays an important role in facilitating the integration of functional and normative health and social care. The scoping review aims to synthesize evidence on the experience and practice of ICT-based implementation of integrated care for older adults.

Methods: This study followed the research framework developed by Arksey and O'malley for the scoping review and systematically searched for relevant studies published between 1 January 2000 and 30 March 2022 from nine electronic databases, three specialist journals, three key institutional websites, 11 integrated care project websites, google scholar and references of the studies to be included.

A qualitative exploration of Chinese rural older adults' adaption experience to disability in Henan Province.

Background: The global population is ageing in a serious way and the number of disabled elderly people is increasing. Disability is a combination of physical and functional impairments, activity limitations, and social participation restrictions that significantly affect the quality of life of older adults. This study used the Roy adaptation model to examine the adaptive strategies of rural disabled elderly.

Exercise interventions for older people with cognitive frailty-a scoping review.

Background: As the global population ages, the issue of frailty in older people is gaining international attention. As one of the major subtypes of frailty, cognitive frailty is a heterogeneous clinical manifestation characterised by the co-existence of physical decline and cognitive impairment. The occurrence of cognitive frailty increases the risk of adverse health outcomes in older people, affecting their daily functioning and quality of life.

Reactive Oxygen Species Mediate 6c-Induced Mitochondrial and Lysosomal Dysfunction, Autophagic Cell Death, and DNA Damage in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Increasing the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cancer cells has been suggested as a viable approach to cancer therapy. Our previous study has demonstrated that mitochondria-targeted flavone-naphthalimide-polyamine conjugate 6c elevates the level of ROS in cancer cells. However, the detailed role of ROS in 6c-treated cancer cells is not clearly stated.